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Y Edoute

Publications and source records attributed to Y Edoute.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Direct effects of phosphamidon on isolated working rat heart electrical and mechanical function.

Phosphamidon (2-chloro-3-(diethylamino)-1-methyl-3-oxopropanyldimethyl phosphate) is widely used in agriculture as an organophosphate insecticide. It is a water-soluble cholinesterase inhibitor whose estimated rat LD50 is 9.2 mg/kg, ip. Mechanical and electrophysiologic direct effects of phosphamidon were studied in an isolated working rat heart model. Phosphamidon caused a positive inotropic effect, as indicated by increased maximum time derivative of left ventricular pressure and increased cardiac output. Stroke work and total pressure-volume area increased in a dose-dependent manner following perfusion with phosphamidon. Phosphamidon had in this preparation a biphasic effect on heart rate: at 10(-6) M concentration, heart rate increased, but at higher concentrations (10(-4)-10(-3) M) heart rate decreased significantly. High concentrations of phosphamidon caused a significant prolongation of the Q-T interval. We conclude that phosphamidon has potent cardiotoxic effects, both mechanical and electrophysiologic, on the isolated rat heart.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Testosterone and cyproterone acetate modulate peripheral but not central benzodiazepine receptors in rats.

Sixteen days of testosterone acetate (TA) treatment in male rats induced an increase in the densities of peripheral benzodiazepine receptors (PBR) in the adrenal and Cowper's glands and a decrease in PBR density in the testis. TA did not alter PBR density in the heart, cerebral cortex, or pituitary, or central benzodiazepine receptor (CBR) density in the cerebral cortex or hypothalamus. The antiandrogenic agent cyproterone acetate induced a decrease in PBR density in the testis, adrenal, and pituitary, but did not affect PBR density in Cowper's glands, heart, or cerebral cortex, or CBR density in the cerebral cortex or hypothalamus. In all of the above organs, affinity values did not change following the treatment with both agents. The receptoral changes may be relevant to the physiological and neurobehavioral effects of the chronic exogenous androgenic and antiandrogenic treatment.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1991

Intraoperative fine needle aspiration cytology of pancreatic lesions.

The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the practicality of intraoperative fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of pancreatic lesions in 43 patients. The indication for performing this procedure was to determine the nature of pancreatic masses. Conclusive cytologic diagnoses were reached in 41 patients who represent the present study. On the basis of histologic findings in 30 cases (73.2%) and on clinical findings in 11 cases (26.8%), a final diagnosis of malignant pancreatic disease (MPD) was established in 31 and of benign pancreatic disease (BPD) in 10 patients. Among the 31 cases with MPD, the cytologic diagnosis was correct in 30 patients and falsely negative in one patient. Among 10 patients with BPD, all the cytologic finding were reported as benign. The sensitivity and specificity and positive and negative predictive values for cytologic findings were 96.8%, 100%, 100%, and 90.9%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of FNA cytology was 97.6%. No complications followed the procedure. We conclude that intraoperative FNA cytology of pancreatic lesions is a simple, safe, highly sensitive, and specific tool in differentiating benign from malignant pancreatic lesions. This procedure should be carried out in any patient with pancreatic mass incidentally found at laparotomy or in a patient undergoing surgery because of suspected nonmetastasizing MPD in whom repeated imaging guided FNA failed to demonstrate malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Imaging-guided and nonimaging-guided fine needle aspiration of liver lesions: experience with 406 patients.

The aim of the present study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of different modes of fine needle aspiration (FNA) of liver lesions. A total of 492 FNAs were performed on 406 patients in order to confirm or to rule out focal or multifocal neoplastic disease: 29% under ultrasound (US) guidance, 3% with computed tomographic (CT) guidance, 67% preoperatively, and 1% intraoperatively without imaging guidance. Based on histologic, cytologic, and clinical findings, final diagnoses were reached in 387 patients, of whom 264 had malignant liver disease and 123 had benign liver disease. Of 321 aspirations performed in patients with malignant liver disease, the cytologic findings suggested malignancy in 225 (70.1%), suspected malignancy in 25 (7.8%), and did not reveal malignancy in 71 aspirations (22.1%). Among the 123 patients with benign liver disease, the cytologic findings were reported as benign in all but two patients, who had false-positive cytologic findings. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values for cytologic findings were 85.6, 98.4, 99.1, and 76.1%, respectively. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 89.7%. In one patient, fatal intraperitoneal bleeding due to chronic intravascular coagulation complicated the FNA procedure. We conclude that imaging-guided FNA as well as nonguided FNA for cytologic diagnosis of liver lesions are highly accurate and only rarely may be associated with a fatal complication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Value of direct fine needle aspirative cytology in diagnosing palpable abdominal masses.

PURPOSE: Fine needle aspirative cytology is a well-established diagnostic tool for evaluating tumor masses. The goal of the current study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of direct (nonimaging-guided) fine needle aspiration of palpable abdominal masses excluding the liver. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Direct aspiration of a palpable abdominal mass was performed in 190 patients in order to confirm or to rule out malignancy. Based on histologic, cytologic, and clinical findings, final diagnoses were reached in 165 patients, of whom 130 had a malignant abdominal mass and 35 a benign abdominal mass. The cytologic findings were verified by correlation with histologic, cytologic, and clinical findings. RESULTS: Among the 130 patients with a malignant abdominal mass, the cytologic findings failed to reveal malignancy in 12 patients (9.2%), but did reveal suspected malignancy in five (3.8%) and malignancy in 113 patients (86.9%). Among all 35 patients with a benign abdominal mass, the cytologic findings were reported as nonmalignant. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and diagnostic accuracy of cytologic findings were 90.8%, 100%, 100%, 74.5%, and 92.7%, respectively. A nonfatal case of bile peritonitis and a case of localized peritonitis that, in retrospective, could have been avoided were the only major complications that followed the fine needle aspirative procedure. CONCLUSION: With careful patient selection and meticulous attention to the proper procedure, direct fine needle cytology is a simple, safe, and highly accurate method for diagnosing palpable abdominal masses.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of abdominal wall scar lesions for diagnosing recurrent colorectal cancer.

Nodules in the abdominal wall scar after resection of colorectal cancer may represent nonmalignant or malignant lesions. We report clinical and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytologic findings in five patients with nodules suspected of being malignant. All patients had had adenocarcinoma, four of the colon and one of the rectum. Postoperative abdominal wall irradiation had been administered to three patients. The median time from surgical removal of the cancer to FNA of scar nodules was 27 months. Three patients had malignant and two patients had nonmalignant FNA cytology, histologically confirmed at surgical biopsy of scar nodules. The malignant histologic cell type demonstrated by FNA cytology of the scar lesions was identical to that exhibited by histology. The survival of patients with positive cytology and histology ranged between 9 and 43 months; survival of patients with negative cytology and histology was between 53 and 138 months. We conclude that FNA cytology is a simple, sensitive, and specific procedure to evaluate patients with scar nodules appearing after resection of colorectal cancer. This procedure may safely replace surgical biopsy in the initial evaluation of scar nodules.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1991

Periodicities of cardiac mechanics.

Using a finite-difference equation to model cardiac mechanics, we simulated the stable action of the left ventricle. This model describes the left ventricular end-diastolic volume as a function of the previous end-diastolic volume and several physiological parameters describing the mechanical properties and hemodynamic loading conditions of the heart. Our theoretical simulations demonstrated that transitions (bifurcations) can occur between different modes of dynamic organization of the isolated working heart as parameters are changed. Different regions in the parameter space are characterized by different stable limit cycle periodicities. Experimental studies carried out in an isolated working rat heart model verified the model predictions. The experimental studies showed that stable periodicities were invoked by changing the parameter values in the direction suggested by the theoretical analysis. We propose in the present work that mechanical periodicities of the heart action are an inherent part of its nonlinear nature. The model predictions and experimental results are compatible with previous experimental data but may contradict several hypotheses suggested to explain the phenomenon of cardiac periodicities.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Adult respiratory distress syndrome complicating acute pyelonephritis in pregnancy].

On the fifth day of a course of antibiotic therapy for acute Klebsiella pyelonephritis, a 21-year-old pregnant woman developed adult respiratory distress syndrome. She improved rapidly on fluid restriction and intravenous furosemide and did not require mechanical ventilation. 17 weeks later, after 40 weeks of pregnancy, she spontaneously delivered a healthy male infant weighing 3280 g.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Preoperative and intraoperative fine needle aspiration cytology of pancreatic lesions.

UNLABELLED: The aim of the present study was to describe our experience from 1976 through 1988 with fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of pancreatic lesions in 90 patients. Fine needle aspirations were performed preoperatively under ultrasound guidance (USG) in 46 patients, under computed tomographic guidance (CTG) in seven patients, and intraoperatively in 37 patients. Based on histologic, cytologic, and clinical findings, final diagnoses were reached in 80 patients, of whom 62 had malignant pancreatic disease (MPD) and 18 had benign pancreatic disease (BPD). The accuracy of cytologic diagnoses was verified by histologic, cytologic, and clinical findings. In 62 patients with MPD, the cytologic findings suggested malignancy in 54 patients, suspected malignancy in five, and did not reveal malignancy in three patients. Among 18 patients with BPD, all of the cytologic findings were reported as benign. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and diagnostic accuracy for intraoperative FNA cytologic results were 96%, 100%, 100%, 91%, and 97%, respectively, and for USG FNA cytologic results were 94%, 100%, 100%, 78%, and 95%, respectively. No complications followed the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Both transabdominal percutaneous imaging-guided and intraoperative FNA cytology of pancreatic lesions are simple, safe, and highly accurate methods in differentiation of benign from malignant pancreatic lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Umbilical metastasis diagnosed by fine needle aspiration.

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is emerging as a useful diagnostic tool in the evaluation of tumor masses, providing high diagnostic yield. Fine needle aspiration for cytologic evaluation was performed on 14 patients suspected of having umbilical metastasis. The site of the primary tumor was known in 12 patients. In nine patients with previously documented malignancy, FNA of the umbilical nodule demonstrated malignant cells compatible with the histologic diagnosis of the primary cancer. In five other patients metastatic umbilical nodule was the first or the only sign for the presence of primary cancer elsewhere and in four of them FNA revealed malignant cells prior to the diagnosis of internal carcinoma. In one case, FNA demonstrated only inflammatory cells while surgery revealed adenocarcinoma associated with inflammation. The sensitivity of FNA in diagnosing malignant umbilical nodule, and the accuracy of FNA findings were 98.2%, while the predictive value of a FNA cytologic finding of malignancy was 100%. It is recommended that an umbilical nodule should alert the clinician to the possibility of malignancy and FNA should be performed as the first diagnostic procedure. This safe, rapid, reliable, and inexpensive method may diagnose malignancy and preclude the need for umbilical biopsy or more complicated diagnostic intervention.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Symptomatic pericardial effusion in lung cancer patients: the role of fluid cytology.

During the years 1975-1988, twenty lung cancer patients with symptomatic pericardial effusion were treated conservatively at our center. Echocardiography demonstrated small pericardial effusion in 2 patients, medium size effusion in 3 patients and large amount of fluid in 15 patients. Fifteen patients developed cardiac tamponade; in three of these patients, this was the presenting manifestation of lung cancer. Pericardiocentesis resulted in prompt, though temporary, symptomatic relief in all patients. Fluid cytology demonstrated suspected malignant cells in 2 patients and malignant cells in 13 patients. Based on cytology, the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma was established in six patients, small cell carcinoma in three patients, and epidermoid carcinoma in one patient. All patients were dead within 9 months from the time of diagnosis of pericardial effusion; 17 died within less than 3 months. It is concluded that pericardial effusion in lung cancer is indicative of rapid tumor progression and short survival. Fluid cytology provides an immediate and accurate means of diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Symptomatic pericardial effusion in breast cancer patients: the role of fluid cytology.

Clinical and cytologic findings in 21 breast cancer patients with symptomatic pericardial effusion are presented. The etiology of the pericardial effusion was definitely malignant, by cytology/histology in 13 patients (62%), and suspected malignant by cytology in 2 patients (9%). One patient (5%) with definitely nonmalignant pericardial effusion by cytology was found to be histologically positive at autopsy. In 5 patients (24%) there was no histological/cytological evidence of malignancy; radiation pericarditis could be the etiology in 4 of these 5 patients. The median time from the diagnosis of breast cancer to the development of symptomatic pericardial effusion was 60 months (range: 1-219 months). Ten patients developed cardiac tamponade; they were treated by either pericardiocentesis or pericardiectomy. The mean survival of patients with negative cytology/histology was 12 months; patients with suspicious cytology had a mean survival of 9 months; patients with malignant effusion, treated by pericardiectomy, had a mean survival of 22.3 months, while patients with malignant pericardial effusion, who were not subjected to surgery, had a mean survival of 4.7 months, only. It is concluded that the etiology of symptomatic pericardial effusion in breast cancer patients is not always malignant, which emphasizes the role of fluid cytology in establishing definite diagnosis. The survival probability is a function of the extent of extracardiac disease; among patients with malignant pericardial effusion those selected for pericardiectomy have a longer than average survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Liver histology and cytology in the diagnosis of malignant liver disease.

Histologic and cytologic preparations from the saline rinsings of the Menghini biopsy were obtained from 193 patients with a variety of liver diseases. The results were analyzed to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of the histologic, cytologic, and of the two combined methods. Thirty-four patients had malignant liver disease (MLD), whereas 159 patients had no evidence of MLD. Malignant neoplasms were detected by cytology alone in five patients, by histology alone in 15 patients, and by both histologic and cytologic findings in six patients. Liver cancer was not diagnosed by both methods in eight patients. The sensitivity of the cytologic, histologic, and combined cytologic and histologic results for detecting malignancy were 32.4%, 61.8%, and 79.4%, respectively, whereas the specificity was 100% for all methods. The overall accuracy was 88.1%, 93.2%, and 95.5%, respectively. This study demonstrates that cytologic examination of the fluid obtained by liver needle biopsy (LNB) has a high specificity and low sensitivity that increased the diagnostic yield of histology alone for detecting MLD by 14.7%.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Difficult preoperative diagnosis of a patient with sclerosing splenic hemangioma.

We present a young asymptomatic woman with splenomegaly and a large isolated splenic mass demonstrated by ultrasonography, 99mTc sulfur colloid, and gallium scintigraphy studies. Computerized tomography (CT) and three-phase 99mTc-labeled red blood cell imaging suggested a malignant lesion. Repeated sonographically guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) obtained only blood, suggesting the possible vascular nature of the tumor. Splenectomy established the diagnosis of splenic hemangioma (SH) with marked sclerotic changes. We conclude from this case that 1) the sclerotic and cystic changes in the SH and the abdominal lymphadenopathy could explain why the three-phase red blood cell and CT scanning, respectively, suggested that the lesion was malignant rather than benign; 2) guided FNA of a splenic mass suspected to be hemangioma may be an additional safe and useful diagnostic procedure. Multiple aspirations yielding blood alone suggest hemangioma and may prevent an unnecessary operation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case in the literature of FNA of splenic hemangioma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of different degrees of hypoxia and reoxygenation on myocardial energetics.

We determined the effect of high-flow hypoxia and reoxygenation on myocardial function and O2 uptake. Isolated working rat hearts were subjected to a 30-min period of hypoxia (pO2 = 384, 296, 207 and 131 torr), followed by 30 min of reoxygenation (pO2 = 500 torr). Another group of normoxic hearts was exposed to 500 torr O2 for the same length of time. During hypoxia, lactate release increased, whereas O2 uptake (VO2), aortic flow (AF) and stroke volume decreased relative to the degree of hypoxia. In hearts subjected to a pO2 of 131 torr, coronary flow and VO2 declined to 40 and 15%, respectively, of the control values, without any AF. Reoxygenation of the hypoxic hearts after the hypoxia increased the depressed VO2 and AF relative to the previous degree of hypoxia. However, these values remained below those of the normoxic hearts, indicating persistent hypoxic injury. In a second series, we also measured the mechanical power (using aortic pressure) at three levels of inflow pO2: 500, 300 and 200 torr, and obtained good correlation between the mechanical power and both AF and VO2. Analysis of the O2 cost of production of AF showed a posthypoxic disengagement between VO2 and AF after exposure to O2 of 131 torr. The degree of hypoxia determines the amount of hypoxic damage and the ability of the heart to recover upon reoxygenation, and an accelerated injury occurs at severe hypoxia.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Evidence for improved myocardial oxygen delivery and function during hypoxia in the mole rat.

The high capillary density of the hypoxic adapted mole rat may provide an efficient oxygen extraction system that permits the maintenance of a normal metabolic rate during hypoxia. We compared myocardial function and energetics in the isolated working heart of the mole rat with that of the white rat during oxygenation (567 torr O2) and 3 hypoxic periods of 319, 232 and 155 torr O2, each followed by a reoxygenation period. Control hearts were perfused for a similar time but with oxygenated buffer. The control oxygenated mole rat heart had higher coronary flow (CF), systolic pressure and myocardial O2 consumption (VO2) and lower coronary resistance compared with the heart of the white rat. The hypoxic heart of the mole rat had higher CF, aortic flow, stroke volume, VO2, mechanical power and efficiency, and lower coronary resistance compared with the hypoxic heart of the white rat. The better performance of the hypoxic mole rat heart was not due to a more efficient O2 extraction but was associated with a lower coronary resistance. The findings correlate with the known cardiac physiology of the intact mole rat.

Animals↗