Changes in human serum FSH levels during the normal menstrual cycle.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Ehara
Publications and source records attributed to Y Ehara.
Changes in the activity and the polypeptide composition of the oxygen-evolving complex in photosystem II of tobacco leaves infected with cucumber mosaic virus strain Y.
The amount of 22- and 23-kDa polypeptides in a 23-kDa protein family, which plays a regulatory role in photosynthetic oxygen evolution, decreased significantly during the progress of appearance of chlorotic spots in cucumber mosaic virus strain Y (CMV[Y])-inoculated tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum 'Ky57') leaves (Plant Mol. Biol. 16:689-698, 1991). The present study was conducted to determine if the amount of other polypeptides of the oxygen-evolving complex and the oxygen-evolving activity also decreased in CMV(Y)-inoculated tobacco leaves. The amount of a 33-kDa polypeptide, which is essential to oxygen evolution, did not decrease in CMV(Y)-inoculated leaves showing early symptoms, although the amount of 22- and 23-kDa polypeptides began to decrease. However, comparative analysis of electron transport in thylakoid membranes indicated that the oxygen-evolving activity in CMV(Y)-inoculated tobacco leaves was only partly reduced, compared with the activity in CMV(O)-inoculated tobacco leaves which did not show clear symptoms. Partial inhibition of the oxygen-evolving activity, by a differential decrease in the amount of polypeptides of the oxygen-evolving complex, seems to be associated with the primary molecular process of symptom expression in CMV(Y)-inoculated tobacco leaves.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Severe chlorotic spot symptoms in cucumber mosaic virus strain Y-infected tobaccos are induced by a combination of the virus coat protein gene and two host recessive genes.
To investigate the genetic determinants of severe chlorotic spot symptoms in cucumber mosaic virus (CMV[Y])-inoculated tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum 'Ky57') leaves, symptom expression was compared among tobaccos (N. tabacum 'Ky57', N. tabacum 'Xanthi nc', and their hybrids) inoculated with CMV(Y), CMV(O), or pseudorecombinants of both strains of CMV. Xanthi nc showed very mild chlorotic spot symptoms in CMV(Y)-inoculated leaves. Both CMV(O)-inoculated Ky57 and Xanthi nc leaves showed no symptoms. In pseudorecombinant-inoculated Ky57 leaves, severe symptoms were determined by chimeric CMV(O) and CMV(Y) RNA3 transcripts, which contained most of the coat protein gene of CMV(Y). Genetic analysis of severe symptom formation in CMV(Y) or pseudorecombinant-inoculated tobaccos indicated that two recessive nuclear-coded host genes determined severe symptom formation in CMV(Y)-inoculated Ky57. The two recessive host genetic loci completely cosegregated with the two recessive burley loci (yb1 and yb2 genes) of Ky57, whose character is an apparent reduction in chlorophyll of the stems. When several cultivars of N. tabacum were inoculated with CMV(Y), all burley tobaccos clearly showed severe symptoms, but most other cultivars showed very mild symptoms. These results suggest that severe chlorotic spot symptom formation in CMV(Y)-inoculated Ky57 is induced by a combination of the virus coat protein gene and two recessive host genes that are closely linked to or identical to yb genes.
Base Sequence↗
Follistatin-related protein gene (FRP) is expressed in the synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis, but its polymorphisms are not associated with genetic susceptibility.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression level and function of follistatin-related protein gene (FRP, also referred to as FSTL1) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and possible association of its polymorphisms with genetic susceptibility to RA. METHODS: FRP mRNA expression levels in the synovial tissues from 10 patients with RA and 5 patients with OA were measured using real-time RT-PCR. Effects on the growth of synovial cells were evaluated by stably introducing FRP cDNA into a rheumatoid synovial cell line, E11. Screening of genomic DNA variations was done using DNA from 12 patients with RA and 12 healthy individuals by direct sequencing. Genotypes at the detected polymorphic sites were determined in 224 patients with RA and 220 healthy individuals using PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism. RESULTS: FRP mRNA was overexpressed in synovial tissues from RA patients by 2.3-fold as compared with those from OA. A rheumatoid synovial cell line (E11) transfected with FRP exhibited reduced proliferation, probably mediated by secreted FRP molecule. 16 genomic variations were identified, among which 4 were polymorphisms within the promoter region and exons, and the remainder were either rare variations or intronic polymorphisms. Genotyping of 4 polymorphic sites did not reveal statistically significant association with the susceptibility to RA. CONCLUSION: FRP mRNA is overexpressed in RA synovium, the product of which exerts inhibitory activity on synovial cell growth. Although new polymorphic sites were identified, they were not associated with susceptibility to RA, suggesting that overexpression of FRP is secondarily caused by synovial environment of RA.
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