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Biomedical subjects

Y Ersahin

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ersahin.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Role of the constructive interference in steady-state sequence in the classification of sacral meningeal cysts.

PURPOSE: To investigate the role of the CISS (constructive interference in steady state) sequence in sacral meningeal cysts. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fourteen patients with sacral meningeal cysts were included. Conventional T1W and T2W sequences and the CISS sequence (TR/TE = 12.25/5.90) were obtained at 1.5-T. The 1-mm-thick base images and multiplanar reformatted images of the CISS sequence were studied. The sacral meningeal cysts were classified by the CISS sequence in accordance with the previously described surgical and histopathological criteria. RESULTS: A total of 25 sacral meningeal cysts were identified in the 14 patients. The cysts and their contents were visualized by the CISS sequence, and the CISS sequence was superior to the T1W and T2W images. Fifteen of the cysts were consistent with type I lesions (extradural meningeal cysts without nerve fibers inside) and 10 cysts with type II lesions (extradural meningeal cysts with nerve fibers inside). There were no type III lesions (intradural meningeal cysts) in the sacral region. CONCLUSION: Previous studies have indicated that conventional MRI as well as magnetic resonance myelography are inconsistent for a classification of sacral meningeal cysts. The CISS sequence with its capability to obtain T2W thin slice acquisitions is superior in showing the nerve root fibers contained in the cysts, which is essential in the differentiation of type I and II cysts. Application of the CISS sequence is recommended in the diagnosis of sacral meningeal cysts.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Cervical spondyloptosis: a case report.

A 5-year-old male child who had undergone orthopedic surgery for foot deformities three years prior presented to the outpatient clinic with a complaint of flexion restriction in both hands. The radiological evaluation of the patient showed C3-4 spondyloptosis. Halo traction was placed and posterior and anterior spinal fusions were performed respectively to achieve realignment of the spine. The postoperative period was uneventful and the patient has been followed for 24 months. The etiology, diagnostic features and treatment options of childhood cervical spondyloptosis have been briefly reviewed and the pertinent literature discussed.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed2001

Child abuse in Turkey: an experience in overcoming denial and a description of 50 cases.

OBJECTIVE: To share the experiences of the first clinical multidisciplinary child abuse and neglect (CAN) team in Turkey with international child abuse community. METHODS: The authors established the first Turkish CAN follow-up team at Dr. Behcet Uz Children's Hospital. Following a training program in five teaching hospitals in Izmir, the authors kept a record of every case diagnosed with CAN from these hospitals between 1996 and 1998. The demographic, epidemiologic, and medical features of this case series are summarized. RESULTS: Fifty cases were diagnosed and followed-up. Seventy-six percent of patients were reported from Dr. Behcet Uz Children's Hospital. Age and sex distribution was 9.2 +/- 6.7 years and 46% male, 54% female, respectively. The offenders were only father in 38%, only mother in 28%, and multiple in 34%. More than three CAN risk factors were present in 94%. Of the children reported 44% survived, 14% died, and 42% were lost to follow-up. Sixteen percent were free of reabuse, and 42% survived with handicaps. CONCLUSIONS: Child abuse and neglect is a reality in Turkey. The team's work increased pediatricians' awareness of CAN. Reporting these cases to Social Affairs Bureau was established for the first time in Turkey. Physicians in Turkey need training to diagnose and properly report CAN. The implemen tation of a national CAN prevention program is an urgent need for Turkey.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Complications of subduroperitoneal shunting.

OBJECTS: Subduroperitoneal (SP) shunts have been widely used in the management of pediatric subdural fluid collections. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the complications of SP shunting in 73 boys and 24 girls, who ranged in age from 1 to 180 months (median 7 months). Subdural fluid collection was bilateral in 75 and unilateral in 22 patients. The most common complication was shunt obstruction (13 patients). Shunt migration was seen in 8 patients. Migration occurred only with unishunts without a reservoir and with peritoneal catheters. However, the shunts with a reservoir or flushing valve led to skin necrosis in 4 patients (P=0.003). Unilateral drainage though bilateral collections were present, infection, bowel perforation, and ileus occurred in 5, 4, 1 and 1 patients respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These SP shunt complications, some of which are avoidable, should be kept in mind.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Growing skull fractures (craniocerebral erosion).

The incidence of growing skull fractures ranges from less than 0.05% to 1.6%. We reviewed 22 growing skull fracture patients retrospectively. There were 15 boys and seven girls ranging in age from newborn to 6 years (mean: 12.4 months) at the time of injury. Falling was the most frequent cause of injury. In total, 17 patients presented with a scalp mass. The scalp was sunken over the bone defect in three patients. Other symptoms and signs were seizure in five patients, hemiparesis in four, recurrent meningitis in one, and pulsatile exophthalmus in one. The most common location was the parietal region. The extent of dural defect was always greater than that of bony defect, except in one case that had been previously shunted for hydrocephalus. In another patient with a growing fracture in the posterior cranial fossa, the dural edges could not be exposed, although a wide craniotomy was performed. Therefore, a cystoperitoneal shunt was inserted. Gliotic tissue was present in all the patients. Cyst or cystic lesions were observed in only nine patients, duraplasty was performed in 21, 16 were neurologically intact, and six had minor deficits. All patients under the age of 3 years with a diastatic skull fracture should be closely followed up. A sustaining diastatic fracture and brain herniation through the skull defect shown on CT or MRI imply a growing skull fracture.

Arachnoid Cysts↗
PubMed1999

Cerebral hydatid cysts in children.

A parasitic tapeworm, called Taneia Echinococcus, causes hydatid disease. Hydatid disease is endemic in sheep and cattle-raising areas of the world. Hydatid disease of the central nervous system constitutes 2%-3% of all reported cases of hydatid cysts. In our institution, 23 children underwent surgery for intracranial hydatid cysts between 1979 and 1995. There were 14 boys and 9 girls, aged between 3 to 16 years (mean 8.8 years). Signs and symptoms were related to the site and size of the cyst. Headache and vomiting due to increased intracranial pressure were the most common presenting symptoms. A round cystic lesion without perifocal edema and rim enhancement is the characteristic appearance on a computed tomography (CT) scan. A magnetic resonance image visualizes cyst location better than CT. Associated systemic hydatidosis in four of our patients involved kidney, liver, lung, and liver and lung, respectively. Intact cyst removal was achieved in 14 patients. In three patients with infected or inflamed hydatid disease, the ruptured cyst capsule was totally resected. Aspiration and extirpation were performed in only one patient. Eleven patients were treated with chemotherapeutic agents such as albendazole or mebendazole due to cyst rupture during surgery or associated systemic hydatid disease. Hydatid disease can also be seen in Western countries because of travel and migration. Cerebral hydatid cyst should be kept in mind for the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Cerebral astroblastoma resembling an extra-axial neoplasm.

A case of a cerebral astroblastoma is described in which MR imaging findings suggested the diagnosis of an extra-axial neoplasm. The lesion was proven to be intracerebral both surgically and histopathologically. Calvarial erosion, and buckling of the cerebral cortex by a peripherally located well circumscribed, highly enhancing mass, were the main MR findings leading to an errogenous preoperative diagnosis of an extra-axial mass. An astroblastoma should be included to the differential diagnosis of a superficially located tumor presenting with the findings of an extra-axial mass, especially in a young patient.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1993

Dumbbell ganglioneuromas in childhood.

The incidence of dumbbell tumors among spinal neoplasms is between 10% and 15%. Approximately 1% of neoplasms located at or near the spinal cord are ganglioneuromas. Ganglioneuromas are rare, slow-growing, benign tumors arising from sympathetic ganglia. The cases of two children with spinal dumbbell ganglioneuroma are presented. The tumors were totally resected by combined surgery in both patients. The patients are neurologically intact 5 and 4 years respectively after surgery.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1993

Spinal extradural arachnoid cyst.

The case of 16-year-old boy with a spinal extradural arachnoid cyst is presented. An extradural arachnoid diverticulum extending from T10 to L1 was excised totally with hemilaminectomy. Surgery caused prompt improvement of the neurological deficit. The pertinent literature is reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Air in acute extradural hematomas: report of six cases.

Presence of air in acute extradural hematomas has been described by several authors. Little attention has been paid to its significance. We report six pediatric patients with air-containing extradural hematomas. A fracture involving air-containing structures in either anterior or middle cranial fossa was detected on computed tomographic scans of all patients. The pertinent literature was reviewed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Posterior fossa extradural hematomas in children.

Posterior fossa extradural hematomas (PFEHs) are less frequent than supratentorial extradural hematomas. 9 children operated on for PFEH are reported. There were 5 boys and 4 girls aged from 1 to 16 years. The mode of injury was fall in 6 and traffic accident in 3 cases. Diagnosis of PFEH was made by computed tomography (CT) scanning in 8 cases. In 1 patient, who deteriorated suddenly, respiratory arrest developed before surgery, and the patient died in spite of evacuation of the hematoma. CT scanning enables early diagnosis and reveals the associated supratentorial lesions. Prompt surgical evacuation of PFEHs is the treatment of choice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

A case of double-compartment hydrocephalus presenting with opisthotonus.

Double-compartment hydrocephalus, a rare shunt complication, is caused by occlusion of the aqueduct and the fourth ventricular outlets after shunting of the lateral ventricles. Dilation of the fourth ventricle causes brain-stem dysfunction and cerebellar signs. A case of double-compartment hydrocephalus presenting with opisthotonus is presented, and the relevant literature is reviewed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

Vitamin A-induced suppression/enhancement of protein glycosylation and neurulation.

Glycoconjugates play major roles in many cellular functions, e.g. cell migration and cell-to-cell adherence, which are involved in neurulation. The maternal administration of vitamin A on gestation day 8.5 and 9.0 resulted in a high percentage of primary and secondary neurulation defects in gestation day 12 mouse embryos. The neuroepithelium of normal and abnormal embryos was analyzed by one- and two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and one-dimensional Western blots using concanavalin A (Con A) and peroxidase-conjugated wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) lectins. In vitamin A abnormal embryos, WGA binding was decreased to glycoproteins with apparent molecular weights of 15,000 and 30,000 daltons on Western blots, whereas in vitamin A normal embryos, WGA binding was increased to these glycoproteins on Western blots. Computer-aided fluorescence microscopy using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated lectins on 1-micron araldite plastic sections indicated a decrease in FITC-WGA binding to the free surface of nonneurulated neuroepithelium. These results suggest: (1) vitamin A administration may have induced a suppression of WGA-binding carbohydrate residues on 15,000- and 30,000-dalton glycoproteins in abnormal embryos, and (2) modification in the type, amount, and distribution of glycoconjugates may provide a basis for the cellular mechanisms of abnormal development of the neural tube.

Animals↗