Biomedical subjects

Y F Hwang

Publications and source records attributed to Y F Hwang.

13 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1997

Triple innominate osteotomy and rotational acetabular osteotomy in the treatment of congenital hip dysplasia.

Congenital hip dysplasia is a developmental disease which predisposes patients to osteoarthritis of the hip. We compare the results and complications of triple innominate osteotomy and rotational acetabular osteotomy in the treatment of this disease. Between 1984 and 1992, 27 patients with 30 dysplastic hips received reconstructive procedures at National Taiwan University Hospital. Fourteen patients (16 hips) with a median age of 18 years were treated by triple innominate osteotomy. Nine of 16 hips had concomitant femoral osteotomy. Another 13 patients (14 hips) with a median age of 24 years were treated by rotational acetabular osteotomy. We compared the radiologic and functional results, complications and satisfaction of the patients in these two groups. Patients who underwent rotational osteotomy showed more correction in roof obliquity than patients who had triple innominate osteotomy. The functional results when evaluated by Harris scores, were better in patients who had triple innominate osteotomy than rotational osteotomy. Complications included one resubluxation of the hip in each group as well as one perforation of the hip joint and one pin break and nonunion at the osteotomy site in the rotational osteotomy group. Patients who had triple innominate osteotomy were more satisfied with the results. With proper selection of patients and accurate performance of the procedure, both triple innominate osteotomy and rotational osteotomy may be used effectively for the treatment of congenital hip dysplasia. However, in our study, patients who underwent rotational osteotomy had better anatomic correction, while those who underwent triple innominate osteotomy had better functional results.

Acetabulum↗

PubMed1995

A clinical study of colorectal cancer accompanied by cancer of other organs.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of double primary neoplasms has increased in recent decades. The etiologies and epidemiologies of double primary neoplasms are under investigation, and relationships between some cancers are well established. A group of patients with double primary cancers was studied to determine the relationships between certain cancers. METHODS: From November 1982 to September 1993, 48 patients with colorectal cancer accompanied by cancer of another organ (double primary cancers) were treated here. The male-to-female ratio was 31 to 17. According to Warren's definitions, the patients were classified into two groups: synchronous and metachronous. Data collection was done on the basis of locations, pathological staging and interval between cancers. RESULTS: Among the 48 patients, extracolonic cancers were mainly found in the cervix (8), stomach (7), prostate (5), lung (5), urinary bladder (4), and breast (4). In the female patients, 88.2% (15/17) of extracolonic cancers were in the female reproductive organs. In male patients, 45% (14/31) of extracolonic cancers were GI tract neoplasms, and 35.5% (11/31) were cancers of the GU tract. Nearly half of the patients expired within two years after diagnosis of the second primary cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Cancers of the cervix, stomach, prostate, lung, urinary bladder and breast may have some etiologic factors in common with that of colorectuim. Thus, attention should be paid to these sites during the period of post-operative follow-up of the first primary cancer.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Microleakage of endodontic temporary restorative materials.

This study compared the sealing of Caviton, Cavit, and IRM at two powder to liquid ratios of 6 g/ml and 2 g/ml. Standard endodontic access preparations were made in 140 noncarious, nonrestored crowns of extracted human molars. They were divided into six groups, including positive and negative controls. Microleakage assessment was evaluated by basic fuchsin dye penetration after thermal cycling (5 to 55 degrees C for 100 cycles). The results indicated that Caviton provided the best seal, followed by Cavit. Cavit demonstrated better sealing than IRM at the powder to liquid ratio of 6 g/ml and 2 g/ml. There was a statistically significant difference in leakage between the Cavit group and IRM (powder to liquid = 6 g/ml), between the Cavit group and IRM (powder to liquid = 2 g/ml) group (p < 0.05). However, no statistically significant difference between the two different powder to liquid ratio groups of IRM was disclosed.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1991

Hormonal screening in impotent patients.

Of a total 260 impotent patients entered in a hormonal study, serum testosterone, prolactin and hormonal abnormalities were detected in 30 (11.5%) patients (18 with hypotestosteronemia and 12 with hyperprolactinemia). The 18 cases of hypotestosteronemia included: 8 cases of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism due to klinefelter's syndrome (1), orchitis (2), chronic alcoholism (1), and idiopathic primary gonadal failure (4) and 10 cases etiologically unknown hypotestosteronemia. Nine of the 18 patients also displayed other organic etiologies (6 vasculogenic and 3 diabetic impotence). After replacement of testosterone propionate by intramuscular injection, the improvement in impotence was significant in 12 patients (excellent in 1, good in 11) and insignificant in 6 (poor in 3, no response in 3). The positive response rate was 89% (8/9) for sole hypotestosteronemia and 44% (4/9) for hypotestosteronemia accompanied by other organic causes of impotence. In the 12 patients with hyperprolactinemia, 4 had prolactinomas. Of these, 3 were treated by surgery and 1 with bromocriptine. Three (excellent in 2, good in 1) of the 4 showed a positive erection response afterwards, but the other patient's response was poor because of postoperative residual tumor. Two patients had drug-induced hyperprolactinemia (haloperidol and methyldopa) and for one, impotence was improved after withdrawal of haloperidol. However, the other responded poorly due to vasculogenic impotence. Six patients with hyperprolactinemia of unknown etiology (2 accompanied by vasculogenic impotence, 2 by diabetic impotence and 2 by sole hyperprolactinemia) were treated with bromocriptine and improvement was noted in 3. The positive response rate was 71.4% (5/7) for sole hyperprolactinemia and 40% (2/5) for hyperprolactinemia accompanied by other organic causes of impotence. Good results were achieved in prolactinoma, sole hyperprolactinemia and hypotestosteronemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Post-operative evaluation of 1000 consecutive hemorrhoid cases].

From September 1983 to October 1988, one thousand consecutive hemorrhoid patients were hospitalized and treated at T.C.V.G.H.A retrospective evaluation based on their admission charts was conducted. Two surgical procedures, wedge hemorrhoidectomy and anoplasty, were compared. We collected and analyzed the following data: sex, age, surgical procedure, post-operative pain, complications and number of days of hospitalization. This study discovered that the larger the major operative area and the greater the number of suture knots, the severer the post-operative pain. For instance, anoplasties resulted in a higher incidence of urine retention (78.1%) and stool impaction (79.4%) than hemorrhoidectomies did. Early complications were found primarily in cases receiving anoplasty, but in later complications, there were no significant differences found between procedures. Anoplasty also resulted in a longer hospital stay, so when dealing with the same degree of hemorrhoid, the simpler the operation, the better the result, because the patients' discomfort can be reduced and hospitalization can be shortened.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Complications of colostomies and colostomy closure].

Three hundred and sixty patients underwent 369 colostomies over 7 years, 66 for benign and 303 for malignant disease, and were followed up for an average of 20 months. Stomas were made electively in 246 cases and urgently in 123. Thirty-seven stomas were brought out through incision and 332 from separate sites. End colostomy was made in 179 cases, loop colostomy in 136 and double barrel colostomy in 54. There were 102 complications in 85 patients (27.6%). The most common complication was wound infection (10.8%). The total number of complications was not related to the urgency of the procedure, the disease process, or the stoma site. Wound infection, however, increased in incisional stomas. Extraperitoneal tunneling of end colostomy did not decrease the complication rate of parastomal hernia or intestinal obstruction. Sixteen cases (4.3%) received another operation for complications. Eighty-five patients the colostomy closed on an average of 3.4 months after its creation. Four patients had 5 complications (5.9%). Two patients required another operation. Complications increased with Hartmann closures and may be related to the timing of the colostomy closure.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Chronic industrial exposure to lead in 63 subjects. I. Clinical and erythrokinetic findings.

Clinical, biochemical, haematological and erythrokinetic studies were performed on 63 adult males with prolonged lead exposure. Their most common symptoms and findings were abdominal pain (62%), gingival lead lines (48%), headache and/or dizziness (33%), muscle cramps (32%), anaemia (19%), and fatigue (18%). Colicky abdominal pain (27%) and gingival lead lines correlated with urinary lead excretion. Anaemia was mild, but more frequent in the subjects with the greatest urinary lead excretion. Other associated findings were: higher reticulocyte counts and more basophilic stippling of the RBCs, more sideroblasts and greater erythroid hyperplasia of the bone marrow, more reduction in 51Cr-tagged RBC survival time, smaller RBC mass, a more rapid plasma iron clearance, a greater plasma iron turnover and greater utilization of 59Fe in subjects with urinary lead excretion of greater than 100 microng/day in comparison with the remainder and normal controls. These findings suggest that minimal chronic exposure to lead causes an increased haemolysis with resulting increased production of erythrocytes.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Chronic industrial exposure to lead in 63 subjects. II. Evaluation of chelation therapy.

Efficacy of chelation therapy with intravenous calcium disodium edetate, oral Ca EDTA, and oral penicillamine was tested in 63 subjects with chronic minimal industrial exposure to lead. All three agents increased the urinary lead excretion. The effect was greatest with intravenous Ca EDTA, next with oral penicillamine and least with oral Ca EDTA. Symptoms, particularly colicky abdominal pain, improved during the period of chelation therapy. Anaemic subjects showed improvements in haematological parameters. It is recommended that subjects with chronic minimal industrial exposure to lead receive chelation therapy. The relative merits of the three agents are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1971