Biomedical subjects

Y F Lin

Publications and source records attributed to Y F Lin.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1989

[Two cases of temporomandibular arthrosis of young children].

Two cases of temporomandibular arthrosis were reported. Case 1 was a 6 years 4 months old female with pain in her left mandibular region in moving her jaw. Opening of the mouth by herself was slightly limited. Clicking noise was seen and felt from both of her temporomandibular joints. She was in the dental developmental stage IIA by Hellman, and had deep overbite (5mm). Roentogenographic examination revealed a bony defect on her left condylar head. Treatment was performed with an activator. Pain was not felt and the mandibular opening recovered after 2 weeks of treatment. Roetogenographs showed no bony defect on her left condylar head after 5 months of treatment. Case 2 was a 3 years 2 months old male with clicking noise from both of his temporomandibular joints. There was no pain and no limitation of his mouth opening. He was in the dental developmental stage IIA by Hellman, and had large overjet (8mm). He has thumb sucking habit since the age of one year. He is now under regular observation.

Activator Appliances↗

PubMed1989

[Continuous thoracic epidural fentanyl in postoperative pain control--a comparison of two different dosages].

We evaluate the postoperative pain relief using continuous epidural fentanyl infusion in two different dosages for thoracic and upper abdominal surgeries. A total of 21 ASA class III patients were studied. A thoracic epidural catheter was placed before surgery but pain control was begun when the patients became fully awake and complained of pain in the recovery room. Patients were divided into group A (n = 9) and group B (n = 12). Those in group A were given fentanyl 1.5 micrograms/kg in saline solution as initial dose followed by continuous infusion at a rate of 1 microgram/kg/h for 23 hours. In group B the initial dose and the maintenance dose were respectively 1.0 microgram/kg and 0.5 micrograms/kg/h. Following the initial dose, the intensity of pain was assessed hourly for a total of 24 hours using a visual analogue pain scale with scores from 0 to 10. In group A, the pain scale fell from the baseline level of 7.7 +/- 2.6 to 2.3 +/- 2.0 at the first hour while in group B it fell from 8.9 +/- 1.4 to 4.3 +/- 2.1. The pain scores following continuous infusion in groups A and B were respectively 1.3 +/- 1.5 and 2.9 +/- 1.7. Although the analgesic effect appeared to be better in group A, pain relief was satisfactory in both groups (p less than 0.01). Regarding respiratory depression, there was a greater degree of rise in PaCO2 in group A and some of the patients even had a PaCO2 value above 50 mmHg.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Existence of a powerful inhibitory mechanism in the medial region of caudal medulla--with special reference to the paramedian reticular nucleus.

Inhibitory actions of the medial trigon of the caudal medulla (ITM) with special reference to the paramedian reticular nucleus (PRN) were explored in cats under chloralose (40 mg/kg) and urethane (400 mg/kg) anesthesia. Stimulation with square wave pulses (80 Hz, 1 msec, 100-200 microA) produced a reduction of mean systemic arterial blood pressure (MSAP) of 15-90 mmHg, and change in heart rate (HR) that varied from mild increase of 15 to reduction of 85 beats/min. These responses were not affected by mid-collicular decerebration nor by bilateral vagotomy. Destruction of PRN did not change the resting MSAP, HR or baroreceptor reflex responses. Stimulation of PRN suppressed the sympathetic pressor and cardioacceleratory and the vagal bradycardia responses resulting from activating cardiovascular (CV) regulatory mechanisms in the hypothalamus, midbrain and medulla, or from activating the somatic or the baroreceptive afferents. Activation of the PRN suppressed the MSAP-increase produced by direct stimulation of the stellate or celiac ganglion. PRN stimulation could eliminate the pronounced CV reactions consequent either to asphyxial anoxia during occlusion of the trachea or to cerebral ischemia following occlusion of vertebral and carotid arteries. Furthermore, PRN activation could stop the general convulsion of the animal induced by picrotoxin, 4 mg/kg, IV. Our findings suggest that in the trigon area especially in the PRN, there resides an independent mechanism which exerts very powerful and broad inhibitory actions on the autonomic as well as somatic nervous system.

Afferent Pathways↗

PubMed1988

[Studies on the muscarine receptors in rat gastric smooth muscle].

It has been reported that the two types of muscarinic receptors, "M1" and "M2", exist in the opossum lower esophageal sphincter. The presence of these muscarinic receptor subtypes had been confirmed with the discovery of the M1 selective antagonist, pirenzepine. But little is known about muscarinic receptor subtypes in gastric smooth muscle. The aim of this study was to identify the muscarinic receptor subtypes on the gastric smooth muscle responsible for the contraction of rat gastric muscle strip. Also, we examined the mechanism of the action of aclatonium napadisilate on rat gastric smooth muscle in vitro. The stimulation of M2 receptor caused the contraction of the gastric smooth muscle. McN-A-343, selective M1 agonist, caused weak contraction of the gastric smooth muscle, and this response was not affected by the selective M1 antagonist, pirenzepine. Aclatonium napadisilate stimulated M2 receptor and caused the gastric smooth muscle contraction. We conclude that the contraction of the gastric smooth muscle is caused by the stimulation of the M2 receptor and this reaction was not affected by tetrodotoxin, suggesting the M2 receptor is located directly on the gastric smooth muscle. The weak contraction of the gastric smooth muscle caused by McN-A-343 was not affected by the selective M1 antagonist, pirenzepine, suggesting that McN-A-343 may not be a pure M1 selective agonist. The action of aclatonium napadisilate is supposed to stimulate the M2 receptor.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1988

[Effect of cisapride on delayed gastric emptying in diabetic patients].

Delayed gastric emptying is supposed to affect glycemic control in diabetic patients by relative over dosing of insulin to blood glucose level due to delayed absorption of nutrients. Therefore, treatment of delayed gastric emptying is important in diabetic patients. Cisapride, a potent gastrokinetic agents, has been reported to activate the motility from stomach to colon. We evaluated the effect of acute oral administration of cisapride in seven diabetic patients (aged 46-62) with delayed gastric emptying. All patients complicated with autonomic neuropathy. Ten mg of cisapride was administered orally 30 minutes before breakfast and lunch on the day of study. Gastric emptying study was done using 99mTc-tin colloid labeled omelet meal served with 2 slices of toast and 200 ml of milk. With cisapride, the retention rate at time of 150 minutes decreased from 76 +/- 10% to 47 +/- 13% (mean +/- SD) (p less than 0.001) and starting index shortened from 86 +/- 28 minutes to 38 +/- 27 minutes (p less than 0.05). Gastric emptying speed became faster from 0.31 +/- 0.16%/min to 0.43 +/- 0.12%/min (0.2 greater than p greater than 0.1). Blood glucose level before meal decreased from 117 +/- 27 mg/dl (mean +/- SE) to 74 +/- 7 mg/dl (n.s.), and difference between basal and maximal blood glucose level became larger from 46 +/- 27 mg/dl to 84 +/- 30 mg/dl (n.s.). We conclude that acute oral administration of cisapride has significant effect in improving delayed emptying of solid meal in diabetic patients.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1988