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Biomedical subjects

Y Frank

Publications and source records attributed to Y Frank.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Visual event related potentials after methylphenidate and sodium valproate in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

We divided a group of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) boys into two groups determined by the results of EEG and visual ERP tests--those who had excessive EEG background slowing, EEG epileptiform activity or abnormally high amplitude ERP waves (the "E-ADD" group), and those with normal EEG and ERP (the "ADD" group). The subjects of each group were then given either a dose of methylphenidate (Ritalin, MPH), sodium valproate (Depakene, VPA) or placebo, and repeated visual ERPs one hour later. Following both medications there was a significant suppression of the amplitude of the N3, the "slow negative" wave of the ERP, in the E-ADD group but not in the ADD group. The effect of VPA and MPH in ADHD children may be related to the electrophysiological (EEG, ERP) background. Both medications may have a similar effect on arousal processes in ADHD.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1993

Serial brainstem auditory evoked responses in infants and children with AIDS.

Fourteen infants and children with AIDS had serial BAER studies, with stimuli delivered at a frequency of 10 and 50 per second. The latencies of waves I, III, V and interpeak latencies I-III, III-V and I-V were measured, and their changes over time were calculated. A significant correlation was found between wave V latency and I-V interval on the left, obtained with a stimulation rate of 50/second, and the length of the follow-up period. There was a trend toward latency increases over time in 9 of the 14 patients. Two patients who had an increase of all wave latencies over time had the worst neurological involvement of all patients. There was no clear correlation between decrease of CD4/CD8 lymphocytes subset ratio and increase of BAER latencies. We conclude that serial BAER studies may be useful in the following of the progression of central nervous system involvement in infants and children with AIDS.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1992

Flash and pattern-reversal visual evoked potential abnormalities in infants and children with cerebral blindness.

Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were recorded of 60 infants and children with cerebral blindness, aged between six weeks and 10 years, and compared with age-matched normative data. Every patient had abnormal VEPs. 18 had absent flash and pattern VEPs and 13 had atypical or atypical and asymmetrical flash and pattern VEPs. Of the remaining 29, most had greater abnormality of pattern than of flash VEPs and greater abnormalities over parietal and temporal than occipital areas. Eight patients had normal occipital responses to flash and five others had delayed responses with normal morphology. One had normal occipital responses to pattern stimuli. All of these had abnormal late occipital responses or abnormal responses over the parietal and temporal areas. It is recommended that visual assessments using VEPs employ both flash and pattern stimuli, that pre-occipital as well as occipital recordings be made and that tracings be compared with age-specific normative data.

Blindness↗
PubMed1989

Chronic dysphagia, vomiting and gastroesophageal reflux as manifestations of a brain stem glioma: a case report.

Brain stem glioma is the third most common childhood brain tumor, comprising 10-15% of this group of neoplasms. Typical presenting symptoms include ataxia, diplopia and headache, while signs of increased intracranial pressure occur later in the clinical course. Although prolonged failure to thrive, characterized by cachexia and vomiting are rare manifestations of brain stem lesions, in this study we report a 9.5-year-old boy with failure to thrive since infancy which remitted after excision of a brain stem astrocytoma.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1988

Toward a clinical subgrouping of hyperactive and nonhyperactive attention deficit disorder. Results of a comprehensive neurological and neuropsychological assessment.

We studied 32 boys with attention deficit disorder (ADD)--21 with hyperactivity, and 11 without hyperactivity. The ADD group with hyperactivity had significantly more neurological and cognitive abnormalities and a higher frequency of prenatal and neonatal abnormalities. It seems that hyperactivity is an important determinant of the degree of neurological and cognitive involvement in children with ADD. It also seems that a cause of "early" brain insult is more likely when hyperactivity is present.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1985

Neurological manifestations in abused children who have been shaken.

Four infants with the 'shaken infant syndrome' are described. None had skull fractures and only one had a subdural hematoma. All had extensive retinal and pre-retinal hemorrhages. Follow-up computerized tomography showed severe brain atrophy, multiple hypodense areas and ventricular enlargement. Three of the patients suffered severe, permanent brain damage, with mental retardation, spasticity and blindness. It is suggested that the underlying pathogenesis of this syndrome is acutely increased intrathoracic pressure, transmitted into the head to cause multiple venous infarctions. Retinal and pre-retinal hemorrhages are cardinal features of this syndrome and their presence should raise the suspicion of this form of battering in the absence of the 'classical' signs of battering.

Battered Child Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

Obstructive sleep apnea and its therapy: clinical and polysomnographic manifestations.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome was studied in 32 children, aged 2 to 14 years, in the sleep-wake disorders center at Montefiore Hospital and Medical Center during the years 1977 to 1980. All children underwent all-night polysomnograms; 17 of these children had surgery to relieve airway obstruction and seven had a repeat polysomnographic study 4 to 6 weeks following the surgery. There was a significant improvement in the number of obstructive apneas and in other apnea indices following surgery. There was no significant effect on the durations and the proportions of the various sleep stages, on sleep efficiency, or on the number of awakenings.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1981

Sleep apnea and hypoventilation syndrome associated with acquired nonprogressive dysautonomia: clinical and pathological studies in a child.

A 6-year-old girl had subacute onset of hypoventilation and apnea during sleep. Diffuse dysautonomic changes were identified, including dilated, nonreactive pupils, decreased tearing and sweating, and abnormal temperature and cardiovascular control. All-night polysomnographic studies revealed frequent obstructive and central sleep apnea episodes. Her serum contained cytotoxic antineuroblastoma immunoglobulins. She died two years later during sleep. The general pathological examination revealed a ganglioneuroma originating in the sympathetic ganglia. Abnormalities in the brain were confined to the brainstem and consisted of complete loss of neurons with severe fibrillary gliosis in the region of the Edinger-Westphal nuclei as well as loss of neurons with gliosis in the locus ceruleus and in the reticular formation bilaterally.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1979

Visual evoked potentials in the evaluation of "cortical blindness" in children.

Visual evoked responses (VERs) to brief light flashes were recorded from occipital regions in a group of 30 "cortically blind" children aged 4 months to 15 years and were compared with those of 31 children of similar age range who had the same type of central nervous system diseases but without signs or symptoms of blindness. The VERs were analyzed for amplitude, number of peaks, and morphology, following a method used previously by other authors. All the responses had some degree of abnormality, but there were no significant differences between the two groups. The findings suggest that recording of VERs is not always an accurate method for diagnosis of cortical blindness in children since the presence of abnormal responses is not incompatible with normal vision. Only 1 patient with coritcal blindness showed no response.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Hypertension and ischemic heart disease in a rural family practice in Israel.

Prevalence rates of hypertension and ischemic heart disease in a rural community in Israel in 1976 were 9.3% and 2.3%, respectively. The rates were related to age, sex, country of origin, education, occupation, marital status, household crowding, and smoking habits. A multiple regression analysis of all variables showed a significantly positive association between the prevalence of hypertension and age, number of children, Cochin or Moroccan origin, and divorce or widowhood. A negative association was found with agricultural work. The prevalence rate of ischemic heart disease correlated positively with age, Cochin origin, and divorce or widowhood. A stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that these variables accounted for 11.3% and 2.8% of the total variance observed, in hypertension and ischemic heart disease respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Fatal disseminated BCG infection. An investigation of the immunodeficiency.

A 2-year-old boy had a fatal disseminated BCG infection. Immunologic assessment showed a normal humoral response and normal numbers of E rosettes, normal thymus weight and histological features, but an abnormal response of lymphocytes in vitro and negative skin tests. Histological examination showed the presence of Gram-negative acid-fast bacilli within the macrophages. The possible mechanisms of immunodeficiency in this patient are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multiple ischemic infarcts in a child with AIDS, varicella zoster infection, and cerebral vasculitis.

A 4 1/2-year-old girl with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and prolonged varicella zoster virus skin infection developed multiple ischemic strokes and radiologic and histopathologic evidence of central nervous system vasculitis. Typical features of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome encephalitis were not present and there was no evidence of vasculitis outside the nervous system. Central nervous system vasculitis probably resulted from varicella zoster virus infection that persisted because of immunodeficiency. This acquired immunodeficiency syndrome complication has only rarely been described in adults and to our knowledge has not been described in children.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗