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Biomedical subjects

Y Gandon

Publications and source records attributed to Y Gandon.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Evaluation of computed tomography in the assessment of liver iron overload. A study of 46 cases of idiopathic hemochromatosis.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of single-energy computed tomography in determining iron overload in idiopathic hemochromatosis, with special reference to slightly overloaded cases. Liver attenuation was determined in 100 patients (46 cases of idiopathic hemochromatosis, 32 cases of chronic liver disease, and 22 normal controls). The iron load was determined for the first two groups by biochemical determination of liver iron concentration (performed in all but 12 subjects in the chronic liver disease group) and hepatic histologic grading. The main results for liver attenuation (upper normal limit, 72 Hounsfield units) showed that despite a high specificity (0.96), this parameter was of low sensitivity (0.63). Although mean liver attenuation in idiopathic hemochromatosis (77 +/- 14) was significantly higher than in chronic liver diseases (53 +/- 17; p less than 10(-4) and normal controls (66 +/- 3; p less than 10(-3], and despite an overall good correlation between liver attenuation and liver iron concentration (r = 0.72; p less than 10(-3], liver attenuation was unable to detect moderate iron overload. Fourteen of 18 patients with a liver iron concentration of less than 150 mumol/g dry liver wt had liver attenuation values of less than 72. Moreover, 3 of 18 subjects with a liver iron concentration of greater than 150 had a liver attenuation of less than 72. Of these 17 false-negatives, only 7 could be attributed to associated steatosis. On the whole, single-energy computed tomography, when used on a routine basis for diagnosing iron overload, is of limited clinical value in idiopathic hemochromatosis due to its poor sensitivity. Hepatic histologic examination together with biochemical determination remains the most accurate means to assess liver iron.

Fatty Liver, Alcoholic↗
PubMed1989

Intramedullary epidermoid cyst evaluated by computed tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging: case report.

The authors have treated a 20-year-old man with a dorsal intramedullary epidermoid cyst in whom magnetic resonance imaging was performed both before evacuation of the cyst and 3 months later. Intraspinal epidermoid tumors are rare, and the intramedullary location is quite uncommon. To our knowledge, this is the first description of magnetic resonance imaging of an intramedullary epidermoid cyst. The frequency, possibilities, and limits of surgical treatment of such intraspinal benign tumors are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Super-paramagnetic iron oxide: an MRI contrast media for the reticuloendothelial system].

In this preliminary study, the authors studies MR imaging in four patients with malignant hepatic tumours before and after intravenous injection of 20 mumols/kg of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SIO). They obtained spin-echo sequences (SE 500/28/4, SE 2 000/28, 56/2) before and after injection and systematically compared the results with ultrasonography and computed tomography data. In every case, superparamagnetic iron oxide (SIO) resulted in a marked decrease in T2 and consequently in the signal of healthy hepatic and splenic tissue, considerably improving the visualisation of malignant lesions which remained unchanged. If the detectability of lesions is considered to depend on the contrast obtained between tumours and healthy tissue, these preliminary results are very promising.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Uncommon aspects of mediastinal teratoma. CT X-ray and MRI study].

CT and MRI features of a multicystic mediastinal teratoma, which was surgically and pathologically confirmed, are presented. CT found 4 cystic tumors of mediastinum with water density content and thick capsule. One kyste contained a fat density area and peripheric calcifications. MRI showed will defined high signal intensity on Spin-echo T1 weighted images. CT and MRI are not reliables in predicting or excluding adherence to adjacent structures. The particularity of this case was the presence of a communication between the anterior right cyst and the posterior left one. This communication passed by the transverse sinus of pericardium.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Abscess and intra-abdominal fluid collections. Diagnosis and percutaneous drainage].

The diagnosis of intraabdominal abscess or fluid collections is considerably helped by the precise anatomic delineation yielded by ultrasound and CT-scan. However, the lack of complete specificity of these modalities necessitates needle aspiration for diagnosis. The indications of CT-scan or US guided percutaneous drainage have been expanded with operator experience. Most of intra-abdominal collection, purulent or not, intra or retroperitoneal can be percutaneously treated. Percutaneous drainage can either replace surgery or "temporarize" a critically ill patient until he is able to undergo surgical treatment.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1989

Apparently isolated, spontaneous haematomas of the brain stem. Seven cases explored by CT and MRI.

The authors present seven cases of apparently isolated spontaneous haematomas of the brain stem detected by computerized tomography (CT). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in all patients, and in three of these on two occasions at different stages of the lesion. Changes in MRI signal according to the moment this examination was carried out (acute, subacute or chronic stage) are described. In two of three patients operated upon the haematoma was found to be due to an occult vascular malformation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Parostal lipoma of the axilla. Apropos of a case and review of the literature].

The authors report a case of soft tissue tumor discovered fortuitously in a 52 year old woman. This lesion was in the axilla and on standard films was seen as a well-defined radiotransparent zone, accompanied by a typical spiculated bone reaction of the lateral edge of the scapula. CT and MRI confirmed the fatty and noninvasive nature of the lesion. Histopathological examination of the operative specimen showed it to be a parostal lipoma.

Axilla↗
PubMed1988

[Stenosis of the common bile duct on a common biliopancreatic duct].

A 16 month-old girl presented with congenital common bile duct stenosis revealed by vague faintness. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and surgical biliary opacification showed an abnormal junction of the pancreatico biliary ductal systems with an abnormally long common channel. These anatomic findings seem to be similar to those seen in congenital choledocal cysts and biliary tract dilatation.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1987

[Neoplastic jaundice. Percutaneous transhepatic approach to biliary endoprosthesis. 39 cases].

Over a 5-year period attempts at transhepatic introduction of a biliary endoprosthesis were made in 39 inoperable patients. The procedure was in 3 stages: transhepatic cholangiography, passage through the stenosis and positioning of the prosthesis. Stenosis was intrapancreatic in 20 cases, pedicular in 9 cases and hilar in 10 cases. The endoprosthesis was successfully set in 20 cases (51%), the success rate being related to the level of the obstacle: intrahepatic 60%, hilar 30%. Failure was more frequent in patients with right liver metastasis, cholangitis or prior unsuccessful palliative surgery. The prosthesis was effective for 1 month in 17 patients and for 6 months or more in 7 patients, two of whom were followed up for 14 and 18 months respectively. Provided patients are better selected and the procedure is used mainly for cholangiocarcinomas, we see no reason why the transhepatic route (combined, if necessary, with endoscopy) should no longer be used to introduce biliary endoprostheses.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Magnetic resonance imaging in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease.

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher's disease is a progressive encephalopathy with demyelination of the cerebral white matter. The diagnosis can not be made on clinical or biological grounds: pathological investigation is necessary to confirm tigroid demyelination. CT scanning failed to visualize this type of anomaly but detection is now possible with the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The authors studied the case of a boy who, at the age of 8 presented with symptoms characteristic of the disease: rotatory nystagmus, progressive encephalopathy, and inherited X-linked recessive traits. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a high signal in the supra- tentorial white matter and the usual contrast was inverted. The authors believe that MRI can make an important contribution to the diagnosis of the disease.

Brain↗
PubMed1987

[Diagnosis and follow-up of Russel's diencephalic cachexia by echography, x-ray computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance].

A diencephalic astrocytoma was diagnosed by ultrasonography in a 5 months old girl with nystagmus and emaciation. A 27 months follow-up with ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, showed an initial improvement after irradiation and afterwards the development of complications with ventricular dilatation and parenchymal calcifications.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1987

Calcifying pancreatitis of a congenital short pancreas: a case report with successful endoscopic papillotomy.

We report a case of partial pancreatic agenesis in a 25-yr-old man with insulin-dependent diabetes who exhibited abdominal pains in relation to a calcifying chronic pancreatitis. An endoscopic retrograde pancreatography through the accessory papilla revealed an abnormal duct configuration thought to be consistent with an obstruction of the main duct. Ultrasonography and computerized tomography scanning could not identify any pancreatic tissue in the region of the body or tail. Another endoscopic investigation revealed the main papilla in the third part of the duodenum. The ducts of Santorini and Wirsung were identified. Santorini's duct was dilated and contained calculi. Wirsung's duct was nearly normal. The junction between the two ducts was slightly narrowed. After papillotomy of the accessory papilla, the patient's abdominal pains disappeared. This new case of congenital short pancreas is discussed in relation to four other cases reported in the English and French literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Primary perirenal suppurations in children: surgical or percutaneous drainage?].

Renal and perirenal staphylococcal suppurative processes are rare since antibiotic era. Three cases are reported. Gram negative organisms are nowadays the most prevalent bacterial species: a urinary tract disease must then be suspected. Early diagnosis is easier with recent event of new imaging techniques. (Ultrasonography and computerized tomography). Percutaneous drainage with the help of antibiotics is the treatment of choice: it is actually a very safe and efficient procedure.

Adolescent↗