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Biomedical subjects

Y Habib

Publications and source records attributed to Y Habib.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Canadians without regular medical doctors. Who are they?

OBJECTIVE: Because having a regular medical doctor is associated with positive outcomes, this study attempted to determine the characteristics of Canadians without regular doctors so that alternative methods of delivering care to people with those characteristics can be studied. DESIGN: Secondary data analysis of the National Population Health Survey using bivariate analyses and logistic regression. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 15,777 respondents older than 20 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Responses to the question "Do you have a regular medical doctor?" and analysis of 11 variables covering demographics, health status, and lifestyle factors. RESULTS: One in seven respondents did not have a regular doctor. Younger respondents, men, single people, poorer respondents, respondents who perceived themselves in better health, recent immigrants, those without confidants, and smokers were more likely not to have regular doctors. Comparing provinces, participants from Quebec were least likely to have regular doctors. CONCLUSION: Primary care reform might need to consider alternative ways of providing care to certain people. Future primary care programs could be targeted to improve coverage of relatively underserviced people, particularly men, people on low incomes, those without confidants, and recent immigrants.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Dilution potential: a new perspective.

The objective of this work was to develop a method to assess the dilution capacity of direct compression excipients based on a technique previously proposed by Minchom and Armstrong (MA). The technique involves the addition of increasing quantities of a poorly compactible (compressible) material to the excipient and measuring the resultant decrease in the AUC of the tensile strength versus compaction force profiles. The AUC of each mixture is divided by the AUC of the "0% mixture" to obtain MA's "work potential," called "area ratios" in the present study. The applicability of this approach was tested using three excipients differing in their deformation mechanisms: microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 101, 102, 200, 301, 302) representing a plastic material; dibasic calcium phosphate (Cal-Star) representing a brittle material, and anhydrous lactose, which exhibits both brittle and plastic properties. Ascorbic acid or acetaminophen was the poorly compactible challenge material. In the first study, the MA method was found to apply only to Avicel PH 101, since the area ratios for mixtures containing different compositions of acetaminophen with either Cal-Star or anhydrous lactose remain constant until a certain percentage of drug is exceeded, after which a decline starts to be observed. Further work carried out on mixtures of different grades of Avicel with ascorbic acid revealed that MA's approach reflects only the ability of the excipient to handle internal stress induced by the drug and does not take into account the intrinsic ability of the drug-free excipient to form strong compacts. A new index was thus proposed, called the dilution capacity index (DCI), which weights the MA index by the AUC of the drug-free excipient. The results suggest that DCI can be used to compare different grades of microcrystalline cellulose and provide in-house quality control for microcrystalline cellulose suppliers.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1988

[Secondary lung diseases in patients with nasotracheal intubation. Role of nosocomial sinusitis].

Nosocomial pneumonia is a frequent infectious complication in ICU patients. All the patients with prolonged nasotracheal intubation presenting with nosocomial pneumonia according to Salata's criteria were examined for sinusitis in the prospective study. Diagnosis was confirmed via CT-scan views and transnasal sinus puncture. In eleven nasally intubated patients, CT-scan views showed air fluid levels and multiple sinus involvement. Bacteriological studies isolated the same gram negative bacilli in both sinus and bronchial aspirates. In four cases, a polymicrobial sinusitis was found with a single organism predominant. This predominant germ was always found in bronchial aspirate. Recovery from pneumonia was obtained only after sinus drainage. Treatment included removing the nasal tubes, or performing tracheostomy and systemic antibiotics. One patient required surgical maxillary sinus drainage after failure of medical management. The occurrence of nosocomial pneumonia in nasotracheally intubated patients should lead physicians to explore the paranasal sinuses. Sinus CT-scan views should be routinely obtained in the assessment of pulmonary sepsis in patients with prolonged nasotracheal intubation. Persistent or ignored nosocomial sinusitis in such circumstances could be a major source of treatment failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Pneumothorax in pregnancy. Apropos of 3 cases].

We report 3 cases of pneumothorax developed during pregnancy and we compare them with the 16 cases previously published. We insist on the late occurrence of pneumothorax during pregnancy and on the possibility of vaginal delivery. Data from literature and our own experience incline us to believe that pneumothorax is not rare during pregnancy but is often misdiagnosed or unreported.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Pseudomonas thoracic empyema secondary to nosocomial rhinosinusitis.

Three cases of Pseudomonas thoracic empyema occurring in nasotracheally intubated patients are reported. Paranasal rhinosinusitis, a well documented complication of prolonged nasotracheal intubation, could be the primary infectious location. Massive respiratory tract colonization leads to extensive necrotizing pulmonary lesions. Failure of diagnosis and treatment of sinus involvement could be responsible for persistent or recurrent pleural empyema. Treatment includes continuous pleural drainage, sinusitis treatment and antibiotics. This complication should be considered in the choice between early tracheostomy and prolonged nasotracheal intubation in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Asthma during pregnancy].

The fact that 1% of pregnant women are asthmatic raises the question of possible interactions between asthma and pregnancy. The effects of pregnancy on respiratory physiology are studied in a first chapter, while the second chapter is devoted to the effects of pregnancy on asthma. In round figures, 1/3 of the patients get worse, 1/3 are improved and 1/3 remain stable. The patients who deteriorate are those with very severe asthma and high IgE On the other hand, well-treated asthmas have no influence on pregnancy or foetal growth. All drugs classically used in asthma (theophyllines, beta-adrenergic stimulants [at a distance of delivery], atropine-like compounds and cortico-steroids) may be used by pregnant asthmatic women and should be prescribed in effective doses.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gene deletion patterns in spinal muscular atrophy patients with different clinical phenotypes.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by degeneration of lower motor neurons. We have assayed deletions in two candidate genes, the survival motor neuron (SMN) and neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP) genes, in 108 samples, of which 46 were from SMA patients, and 62 were from unaffected subjects. The SMA patients included 3 from Bahrain, 9 from South Africa, 2 from India, 5 from Oman, 1 from Saudi Arabia, and 26 from Kuwait. SMN gene exons 7 and 8 were deleted in all type I SMA patients. NAIP gene exons 5 and 6 were deleted in 22 of 23 type I SMA patients. SMN gene exon 7 was deleted in all type II SMA patients while exon 8 was deleted in 19 of 21 type II patients. In 1 type II SMA patient, both centromeric and telomeric copies of SMN exon 8 were deleted. NAIP gene exons 5 and 6 were deleted in only 1 type II SMA patient. In 1 of the 2 type III SMA patients, SMN gene exons 7 and 8 were deleted with no deletion in the NAIP gene, while in the second patient, deletions were detected in both SMN and NAIP genes. None of the 62 unaffected subjects had deletions in either the SMN or NAIP gene. The incidence of biallelic polymorphism in SMN gene exon 7 (BsmAI) was found to be similar (97%) to that (98%) reported in a Spanish population but was significantly different from that reported from Taiwan (0%). The incidence of a second polymorphism in SMN gene exon 8 (presence of the sequence ATGGCCT) was markedly different in our population (97%) and those reported from Spain (50%) and Taiwan (0%).

Age of Onset↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Screening 25 dystrophin gene exons for deletions in Arab children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Forty-two Arab children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) were studied for intragenic deletions in 25 exons of the dystrophin gene using three different multiplex PCR sets each amplifying a total of 9, 9 and 6 different exons, respectively. Exon 22 was amplified individually. Deletions were found in 78, 76 and 12% of DMD patients with each of the three sets, respectively. With all the three sets, the detection rate increased to 86% (36 of 42 patients). Fifty percent of the deleted exons were located in the distal hot spot, 8% in the proximal hot spot while 42% were scattered over both. This study, the first in an Arab population and only the second to use three PCR multiplex sets, documents one of the highest deletion detection rates in DMD.

Arabs↗