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Biomedical subjects

Y Hayashida

Publications and source records attributed to Y Hayashida.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Auditory brain stem responses in relation to the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia.

Auditory brain stem responses (ABSR) were examined systematically both in normal and schizophrenic subjects. All ABSR wave forms were evoked by click stimuli, which were delivered binaurally through headphones both to normal subjects and to a nondeteriorated group of schizophrenics. However, in the group of schizophrenics with marked deterioration of personality, not all wave forms were elicited, and the amplitudes were low. The characteristics of the ABSR wave forms correlated well with the clinical symptoms of the schizophrenic illness. The cause of these ABSR wave form changes in schizophrenics is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Self-regulation method: psychological, physiological and clinical considerations. An overview.

Body-oriented therapies as relaxation training and certain forms of meditation are gaining popularity in the treatment and prevention of psychosomatic disorders. In this paper, a new method of self-control called self-regulation method (SRM), derived from autogenic training and Zen meditation, is presented. The technique of SRM is introduced. Secondly, physiological studies on SRM using skin temperature, galvanic skin response, and cortical evoked potentials are presented. Thirdly, the results of psychological tests conducted on SRM are presented. These psycho-physiological studies suggest that SRM may elicit a state of 'relaxed alertness'. Fourthly, clinical applications of SRM are discussed, and 3 cases are presented. Finally, SRM is discussed in relation to the psychology and physiology of 'relaxed alertness'.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Clinicopathological study of early gastric carcinoma of the cardiac portion].

Even nowadays, early gastric carcinoma of the cardiac portion still presents numerous diagnostic and pathological problems. Fifteen cases of early cancer of the cardiac portion were resected in the past 16 years. In order to clarify their characteristics, we carried out a comparison between the cardiac portion and the upper 3rd portion. The results were as follows: 1) There were cases of IIc type on the gross appearance of the cardiac portion. 2) As for the histological type, here were 14 cases of the differentiated type. on the other hand, there were 40% of the undifferentiated type of the upper 3rd portion. 3) Ten cases of early carcinoma of the cardiac portion had the lesion in the cardiac zone, while most of the early cancer of the upper 3rd portion had a strong connection with the fundic cone.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinicopathological study of minute cancer of the stomach].

Nineteen patients with solitary minute carcinoma (single cases) and 16 with foci of minute cancer, found as a component of multiple early gastric carcinoma (multiple cases) were studied. The results were as follows; 1) The histological type of the single cases was the differentiated type in 95%. 2) All lesions of the multiple cases were mucosal invasive carcinoma, while 16% of the single cases (3/19) had submucosal invasive carcinoma. 3) As for the distribution of the single and multiple cases according to the surrounding mucosal atrophy, the single eases were in the pyloric gland zone, the multiple cases in the intermediate zone.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[A case of triple simultaneous cancer of the esophagus, gallbladder and colon].

The patient was a 60-year-old man with the chief complaints of bloody stools, and their abnormal motion. The diagnosis was sigmoid colon cancer. Esophageal cancer and cholelithiasis were also found by several preoperative examinations. Subtotal esophagectomy, cholecystectomy and sigmoidectomy were performed. Resected Specimen: There was an early cancer measuring 2.5 X 2.0 cm at the abdominal esophagus. It was a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. There were two polyps at the gallbladder, in which carcinoma in situ was found. A well-differentiated papillotubular adenocarcinoma of type Borr 2 was found at the sigmoid colon.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Efferent discharges of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers during increased intracranial pressure in anesthetized cats in the absence and presence of pressor response.

Efferent discharges of the cervical sympathetic cardiovascular and vagal type 1 fibers in response to increased intracranial pressure (ICP) were simultaneously recorded in cats anesthetized with pentobarbitone and ventilated artificially. Sympathetic outflow of renal nerve fibers was also recorded in some animals. The type 1 fibers were assumed to be cardiac vagal fibers, from the response behavior such a pulse-synchronicity to respiratory and heart rhythm, reflex activation from arterial baroreceptors and reciprocal relationship of the activity to sympathetic ones during slower fluctuations of hemodynamic changes, and which occur spontaneously during Mayer waves. The vagal type 1 discharges increased to various amplitudes with increase in ICP and in the absence and the presence of pressor response. Efferent outflow of the renal and cervical sympathetic fibers frequently decreased with a moderate increase in ICP. There was a slight decrease or no apparent change in the blood pressure, and a higher elevation of ICP ensued. Heart rates decreased with increase in ICP, while the rate frequently increased with levels of ICP over about 120 mm Hg. Changes in the vagal and sympathetic discharges always began at a time before the initiation of cardiovascular response to the elevated ICP. However, when ICP was repeatedly increased, the increase in vagal discharges progressively decayed and was accompanied by vigorous sympathetic firings and a marked pressor response. The sympathetic outflow also decayed following the decrease in vagal activities. The present findings of changes in the vagal type 1 discharges demonstrate clear participation of parasympathetic as well as sympathetic nerve activity in the occurrence of cardiovascular responses to increased ICP. Changes in both these autonomic nerve responses may explain the initial fall in arterial blood pressure and pressor responses associated with bradycardia or tachycardia, at different levels of elevated ICP.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Radiologic diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease utilizing rectosphincteric reflex.

Artificial balloon distension of the rectum caused a reflex opening of the anal canal as seen during barium enema in 10 out of 10 normal children and in 7 of 7 children with idiopathic constipation. Reflex opening of the anal canal was not observed in any of 15 children with proven Hirschsprung's disease. This lack of response was independent of the length of aganglionosis or previous diverting colostomy and corresponded to the fact that on manometric study the intraluminal pressure of the anal canal fell in normal children but not in the children with Hirschsprung's disease. This finding greatly improves the reliability of barium enema in the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1984

Assessment of bowel control with anorectal manometry after surgery for anorectal malformation.

Bowel function after surgery for anorectal malformation was assessed by Kelly's score in 101 children over 3 years of age. Seventy-two were examined using anorectal manometry. In the "good" group, resting pressure of the anal canal was as high as in the normal children, and the frequency of contraction waves in the anal canal was the same as in the normal children. Recto-anal reflex was recognized in about three fourths of the "good" group. On the other hand, in the "poor" group resting pressure was low, in only one were contraction waves evident and in none was there a recto-anal reflex. The findings of the anorectal manometry placed the "fair" group between the "good" and the "poor" groups. The clear contraction waves of the anal canal or the clear recto-anal reflex related to a resting pressure in the anal canal of over 20 cmH2O. This high pressure in the anal canal is important for good and continence, and depends on a precise pull-through of the rectum into the puborectalis muscle.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1984

Zinc and copper requirements during parenteral nutrition in the newborn.

Zinc and copper requirements and metabolism in surgical neonates on parenteral nutrition were monitored. Without a supplementation of zinc, the plasma zinc level decreased in the second week and became severe with time. In full-term babies, for up to 4 weeks of parenteral nutrition, 40 micrograms/kg/d was adequate to maintain the plasma zinc level within a normal range. For extended periods of parenteral nutrition, the dose of zinc can be reduced without excess loss of this mineral. However, premature babies in the zinc-supplemented group showed a decreased zinc level in the fourth week of parenteral nutrition, indicating that 40 micrograms/kg/d of zinc supplementation was inadequate for premature surgical babies. Infants with enterostomy require increased amounts of zinc, even up to 300 micrograms/kg/d. Copper levels revealed little change, up to 4 weeks of this feeding. In the presence of increased fluid loss through gastrointestinal fistulas, deficiency of copper occurred and the copper requirements increased. Careful monitoring is necessary to ensure an adequate supply of these minerals to surgical neonates.

Copper↗
PubMed1984

Histological study of intestinal atresia due to intrauterine intussusception.

Histological studies were conducted on 4 patients with intestinal atresia due to intrauterine intussusception. This atresia is characterized by a polypoid lesion as the remnant of the invaginated and necrotized intestine in the distal intestinal lumen. As the result of the histological survey in the affected intestine, we tentatively classified this atresia into two types, type A and B. In type A, the polypoid lesion is observed at the blind end, with relatively good preservation of the structure of the intestine. In type B, the polypoid lesion is located apart from the blind end, and the lesion is markedly necrotic. The interruption of intestinal blood flow seemed to be more severe in type B than in type A.

Female↗