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Biomedical subjects

Y Horii

Publications and source records attributed to Y Horii.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Differential expression of myogenic regulatory genes, MyoD1 and myogenin, in human rhabdomyosarcoma sublines.

A cell line (SCMC-MM-1) was established from a human abdominal tumor that was initially diagnosed as a malignant mesenchymoma by histological, immunohistochemical and clinical criteria. The cell line was composed of 2 morphologically and immunohistochemically distinct cell types, one with a small polygonal phenotype (P-type), characterized by the immunostaining of vimentin and the presence of a few electron-microscopically visible organelles, and the other with a giant tubular phenotype (T-type), characterized by the immunostaining of desmin, alpha-sarcomeric actin and skeletal-muscle myosin, and the presence of thick and thin myofilaments and Z-line materials. The parental cell line was cloned into 2 sublines, a P-type clone (SCMC-MM-1-19P) and a T-type clone (SCMC-MM-1-1T), which shared both 2q37 and 11p15 translocations, the characteristic chromosomal aberrations for rhabdomyosarcoma, with the parental SCMC-MM-1 cell line. Northern-blot analyses of the myogenic regulatory genes, including MyoD1 and myogenin, demonstrated the expression of MyoD1 in both of these sublines. Myogenin was very weakly expressed in the SCMC-MM-1-19P subline, but strongly expressed in the SCMC-MM-1-1T subline. Chromosomal and myogenic-regulatory-gene analyses revealed that both of these sublines were rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines. Furthermore, the regulatory-gene analyses indicated that these 2 sublines represented 2 distinct differentiation stages of myoblasts, and that MyoD1 and myogenin could serve as the lineage marker and the differentiation marker, respectively, of human rhabdomyosarcoma.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1992

Validity and reliability of nonverbal voice measures as indicators of stressor-provoked anxiety.

To determine the validity and reliability of vocal jitter, tenseness, and pitch as measures of stressor-provoked anxiety, 88 women representing three coping styles (Highly Anxious, Truly Low Anxious, and Repressor) phonated vowels, reported anxiety, and provided measures of muscle tension, heart rate, and sweating 2 weeks before, the day before, and 1 week after stressful exams. Greater self-reported anxiety, sweating, and heart rate on the day before versus the other occasions confirmed the day before was the most stressful occasion. Results suggest excellent validity and reliability for Jitter as an indicator of stressor-provoked anxiety.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

Brugia pahangi: production of a monoclonal antibody reactive with the surface of infective larvae.

Monoclonal antibodies against infective third-stage larvae (L3) of Brugia pahangi were generated from mice immunized with L3 antigens. The monoclonal antibodies were L3 stage-specific or stage-nonspecific. A BpG1 monoclonal antibody (IgG1 subclass) showing L3 stage-specificity was examined in detail. BpG1 recognized the surface of B. pahangi L3 and also reacted with the surface of Brugia malayi L3 but not with the surface of filarial worms of other genera, such as Acanthocheilonema viteae and Litomosoides carinii. BpG1 promoted cellular adhesion to the surface of B. pahangi L3. BpG1 bound on living L3 was shed but the shedding rate was relatively slow. The surface antigen recognized by BpG1 had a molecular weight of 58 kDa. It was stable to heat and periodate treatments but sensitive to trypsin digestion and was released from living L3 by SDS but not by Triton X-100 or CTAB. Preincubation of L3 with BpG1 significantly reduced the recovery rate of worms compared with the preincubation with a monoclonal antibody (IgG1 subclass) against the inner tissues of B. pahangi L3 or control supernatant of P3U1 myeloma cells. This result suggests that the antigen containing the BpG1 epitope may be one of the targets of a protective immune response against Brugia infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Unilateral obstruction of the vas deferens caused by childhood inguinal herniorrhaphy in male infertility patients.

OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of unilateral obstruction of the vas deferens caused by inguinal herniorrhaphy (IH) during childhood. DESIGN: Retrospective. SETTING: Kyoto University Hospital. PATIENTS: Unilateral obstruction of the vas deferens after IH was diagnosed and treated in 10 of 724 subfertile patients. INTERVENTIONS: Reanastomosis of the vas deferens using a microsurgical two-layer technique. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Follow-up seminal analysis of the patients and the occurrence of pregnancy in their wives. RESULTS: The incidence of unilateral vas deferens obstruction caused by IH was 26.7% for subfertile patients with a history of IH during childhood. Unilateral vas deferens obstruction was detected through palpation of the scrotal vas deferens in 7 of the 10 patients. After vasovasostomy, the semen quality improved in 5 patients, and pregnancy was achieved by 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of vas deferens obstruction was unexpectedly high in subfertile patients with a history of IH during childhood. Careful palpation of the scrotal content was a useful and noninvasive method to diagnose unilateral vas deferens obstruction, and microsurgical vasovasostomy was treatment of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Laparoscopic varicocelectomy: a simple technique for clip ligation of the spermatic vessels.

Less invasive laparoscopic surgery is replacing the conventional open operation for the treatment of several conditions. We performed laparoscopic clamping of the internal spermatic vessels in 12 subfertile patients to treat varicocele of the testis. Seven operations were performed with the patient under general anesthesia, whereas a local anesthetic was used in the 5 most recent patients. The internal spermatic vessels were successfully clipped in all 12 patients. Postoperative physical examination with a Doppler stethoscope showed that the venous reflux had disappeared in all patients. Semen quality was improved in 7 patients with a followup of 3 to 10 months. Neither hydrocele nor testicular atrophy was observed postoperatively. Laparoscopic varicocelectomy was effective and minimally invasive, especially when performed with the patient under local anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Induction of protective immunity to Brugia pahangi in jirds by drug-abbreviated infection.

Protective immunity of homologous challenge infection was examined in jirds after drug-abbreviated infection with Brugia pahangi. Mebendazole (MBZ) treatment at the early prepatent (5-7 weeks of post infection) or the late prepatent (7-9 weeks of post infection) period was highly effective in causing almost complete eradication of the primary infection. After challenge infection, the worm burden was significantly reduced 19% (31.1 in average) and 77% (9.5) to that of the controls (38.8 and 41.7), respectively. The magnitude of eosinophil response paralleled the degree of protection. No or only a few microfilariae were seen after challenge infection in jirds treated during the prepatent periods. They were also resistant to intravenous challenge with the microfilariae of B. pahangi. MBZ treatment at the patent period was, on the contrary, incomplete against primarily infected adult worms, and was not able to induce either significant protection (30.1 vs 33.1 in control) or eosinophil response to the challenge infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Expression of the CD2 molecule on human B lymphoid progenitors.

CD2 expression on human B lymphoid progenitor cells was examined. By immunofluorescence analysis, a small fraction of bone marrow B cells was found to express CD2 on their surface. CD2 expression was not demonstrated on peripheral B cells. Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cell lines derived from fetal liver at 8 weeks of gestation were analyzed to delineate the expression and function of CD2 at the early stage of human B cell development. Characterization of surface and genomic phenotypes of cell lines revealed that the established cell lines represent at least three different phenotypic characteristics of early B lineage cell: B progenitor, pre B, or early B cell. None of the 18 cell lines and 13 subclones with the phenotype of the early B lymphoid cells initially expressed CD2 antigen. However, CD2 expression was induced by the successive cultivation of some cloned B progenitor cell lines. In spite of the expression of CD2, these clones cell lines were unable to form rosettes with sheep red blood cells. By immunoprecipitation analysis, an identical 50 kDa protein was precipitated with anti-CD2 antibody from the lysates of the radioiodinated CD2+B progenitor cell line and peripheral blood T cells. Anti-CD2 antibody induced significant enhancement of proliferation of the CD2+B progenitor subline. These data indicate that human CD2 is expressed on a fraction of B lineage cells at a very early differentiation stage and may play a role in B lymphopoiesis.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1992

Induction of interleukin 6 synthesis in mouse glomeruli and cultured mesangial cells.

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is an autocrine growth factor of cultured mesangial cells (MC) and intraglomerular IL-6 production is suggested to be closely associated with the pathogenesis of human mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (mesPGN). In this study, to elucidate the mechanisms regulating the intraglomerular production of IL-6, we examined what kinds of stimuli are significant in the induction of IL-6 synthesis in vitro and in vivo. Incubation of cultured mesangial cells with interleukin 1 (IL-1) or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced significant IL-6 production, and intravenous injection of IL-1 or LPS into normal BALB/c mice induced significant intraglomerular IL-6 mRNA expression. Furthermore, we indicated in this study that IL-6 mRNA expression was augmented in the glomeruli of mice with immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Heparin-containing mast cells in the jejunal mucosa of normal and parasitized Mongolian gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus.

Histochemical stainability of mast cells in the small intestine of Mongolian gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus, was examined before and after infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, a well-known intestinal helminth inducing intestinal mastocytosis in rats and mice. Mast cells seen in the small intestine of Mongolian gerbils were exclusively formalin-resistant and were strongly stained by berberine sulfate, regardless of whether the animals were normal or infected with N. brasiliensis. Furthermore, they were, either normal or induced by infection, only seen in the lamina propria and submucosa but never seen in the jejunal epithelium. Such histochemical properties and distribution of intestinal mast cells of Mongolian gerbils were different from previously known characteristics of mast cells in the small intestine of rats and other animal species.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical significance of stereological estimation of mean nuclear volume in human bladder carcinoma--further analysis of nuclear morphometric variables].

Recently, nuclear morphometry methods have been used to quantitatively analyze the malignant potential of cancer cells. We have previously shown that the malignant potential of human bladder carcinoma can be analyzed quantitatively through mean nuclear volume measurements. In the present study, we examined other measurements obtained from nuclear morphometry and evaluated their usefulness as indicators of the outcome of bladder carcinoma. Our subject group consisted of 161 patients with untreated bladder carcinoma. Four nuclear morphometric values were measured on each subject: the mean nuclear volume (MNV), the mean nuclear area (MNA), the nuclear roundness factor (NRF) and the variation of nuclear area (VNA). MNV, MNA and VNA values increased as the tumors progressed to a more advanced stage and grade of malignancy. Patients were then divided into two subgroups based on each morphometric value: small MNV (< 186.9 microns3) and large MNV (> or = 186.9 microns3); small MNA (< 33.6 microns2) and large MNA (> or = 33.6 microns2); low NRF (< 81.1) and high NRF (> or = 81.1); and low VNA (< 33.0) and high VNA (> or = 33.0). Survival rates were significantly higher among patients with a small MNV, a small MNA and a low NRF (5-year survival rate; 93.0, 84.9 and 84.6%), compared to patients exhibiting high values (5-year survival rate; 59.7, 61.3 and 61.9%). For patients with grade 2 tumors, those with a small MNV had a high survival rate (5-year survival rate; 95.2%), similar to that of patients with grade 1 tumors (5-year survival rate; 95.2%)(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Analysis of surface membrane antigens, cytoskeletal proteins and N-myc oncogene in pediatric solid malignant tumors, their diagnostic usefulness and relevant problems].

Neuroblastoma (NB), primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), Ewing's sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) are solid malignant tumors in childhood. Microscopically these tumors are grouped as small-round-cell tumors, and a different diagnosis is sometimes difficult. Cell surface membrane antigen, cytoskeletal protein and N-myc amplification and over-expression were analyzed in these cell lines and tumor tissues for the accurate diagnosis. NB and PNET could be distinguished from Ewing's sarcoma and RMS by the panel of monoclonal antibodies against cell surface membrane antigens. The cytoskeletal protein analysis is useful for the diagnosis of RMS and leiomyosarcoma. Alpha-smooth muscle actin and/or desmin were demonstrated in the S-type (epithelial-like) cells in 3 NB cell lines, suggesting the differentiation pathway of NB into smooth muscle cells. N-myc amplification and over-expression were observed in NB cell lines as well as one RMS cell line. The occurrence of N-myc amplification and over-expression in the RMS cell line cautions us against using N-myc as a distinguishable marker for NB.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Experience with laparoscopic nephrectomy].

Laparoscopic procedures are promising techniques which allow less invasive surgery not only for intra-abdominal organs but also for retroperitoneal organs. Laparoscopic nephrectomy was first described by Clayman et al. We removed the left kidney of a 36-year-old male patient using laparoscopic procedures according to Clayman's technique. The kidney had developed hydronephrosis due to congenital ureteropelvic junction stenosis. In the peritoneal cavity the freed kidney was pushed into a Lapsac, minced using scissors and forceps, and removed without elongation of the wound. During the operation, pneumoperitoneum with CO2 gas induced increases in PaCO2, central venous pressure, pulmonary artery wedge pressure and cardiac output, all of which the patient tolerated well. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 9th postoperative day. Laparoscopic nephrectomy is a useful alternative to the conventional open surgery in selected cases, when surgical techniques and instruments are improved appropriately.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Myocardial revascularization for ischemic heart disease without in situ internal thoracic artery grafting].

CABG was performed in 327 patients from 1989 to 1991. We used ITA grafts for the arterial conduit whenever this was possible. Since ITA grafting has become a routine procedure in CABG, we investigated the reasons why in situ ITA grafts were used in some of our patients. The number of CABG patients without in situ ITA grafts was 42 in 1989, 35 in 1990, and 9 in 1991. There was three main reasons for this: 1) problems with the coronary arteries or myocardium, 2) problems with the ITA grafts, and 3) problems with the patient. Although ITA grafts were not used in these cases, the indications for ITA grafting have been changed by our review. Use of ITA grafts need not be restricted for reasons of age or native coronary artery problems, but some patients will still be unsuitable for these grafts.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Interleukin 6 (IL-6)].

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a polypeptide mediator regulating immune response, acute phase reaction and hematopoiesis. Disregulating production of IL-6 was suggested to be involved in a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases. IL-6 is an autocrine growth factor for cultured mesangial cells. IL-6 was localized in the mesangial area of the kidney tissue and intraglomerular expression of mRNA, encoding for IL-6 gene, was observed in patients with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (mes PGN). Furthermore, mesangial proliferation was observed in IL-6 transgenic mice. These results suggest that IL-6 is closely associated with the pathogenesis of mesPGN.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Chromosomal survey of 1001 subfertile males: incidence and clinical features of males with chromosomal anomalies].

A chromosomal survey using the G-banding technique was performed on 1,001 subfertile males examined at Kyoto University Hospital between January, 1985 and April, 1991. Thirty-six of them had major chromosome anomalies (3.6%). The incidence of major anomalies for the 154 azoospermia patients, 326 oligozoospermia patients with a sperm density of less than 20 x 10(6)/ml, and 521 patients with normal sperm density was 10.4, 4.6, and 1.0%, respectively. The major anomalies found in azoospermic patients were associated with the sex chromosome, whereas autosomal anomalies were found in patients with oligozoospermia. The incidence of anomalies for patients with azoo- or oligozoospermia was significantly higher than that for patients with normal sperm density (p = 0.000003). All of the 12 patients with Klinefelter syndrome were azoospermic. However, the serum testosterone levels were within normal range in 10 of these patients. Testicular biopsies showed spermatogenic arrest in 5 of the 12 azoo- or oligozoospermic patients with structural chromosomal anomalies. Except for one patient, treatments such as varicocelectomy or medication were not effective in the patients with structural chromosomal anomalies. Chromosome studies are important in the evaluation of subfertile male patients with sperm densities less than 20 x 10(6)/ml. Disorders of the spermatogenic process may be directly related structural chromosomal anomalies in some of the patients.

Adult↗