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Biomedical subjects

Y Ichinose

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ichinose.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Tumor-induced hypercalcemia and parathyroid hormone-related protein in lung carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Although lung carcinoma is the most common cause of tumor-induced hypercalcemia (TIH), the precise incidence of TIH remains obscure. Furthermore, the role of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) has not been clearly elucidated. METHODS: This study included 690 consecutive patients who were newly diagnosed as having lung carcinoma between 1989 and 1994 (379 adenocarcinomas, 207 squamous cell carcinomas, 75 small cell carcinomas, and 29 large cell carcinomas). All patients were treated for lung carcinoma and were also periodically monitored for their serum level of calcium (Ca). Hypercalcemia was defined as a serum Ca concentration higher than 11 mg/dL. The serum levels of PTHrP (109-141) were measured by a C-terminal-region-specific radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: TIH was observed in 17 of 690 patients (2.5%). All 17 patients demonstrated an advanced stage of lung carcinoma (Stage III or IV), 10 squamous cell carcinomas, 5 adenocarcinomas, 1 small cell carcinoma, and 1 large cell carcinoma. In 15 patients, the serum level of C-PTHrP (109-141) was substantially high, ranging from 99 pmol/L to 890 pmol/L (normal range, 21-50.7 pmol/L). There was no significant difference in the serum PTHrP level between patients with or without bone metastasis. The reduction of tumor burden decreased both the serum level of PTHrP and that of Ca in parallel. The median survival time after diagnosis of TIH was only 27 days. CONCLUSIONS: TIH in lung carcinoma was most likely attributable to PTHrP, and its occurrence appears to be an ominous prognostic sign.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A new model of active specific immunotherapy using interleukin-1 and sonicated tumor supernatant in murine tumor system.

The possibility of active specific immunotherapy using interleukin-1 (IL-1) plus sonicated tumor supernatant (SS) was examined in a murine tumor model. The growth of intraperitoneally or subcutaneously inoculated plasmacytoma MOPC104E, which is syngeneic to BALB/c mice, was significantly suppressed by intraperitoneal pretreatment with IL-1 and SS from MOPC104E cells (MOPC-SS), on days 10, 7, and 4 before tumor inoculation. Pretreatment with IL-1 plus MOPC-SS or MethA-SS (SS from MethA cells) suppressed the growth of subcutaneous tumor of only the corresponding tumor cells, indicating the development of tumor-specific immunity in vivo. The splenic cells of immunized mice with IL-1 and MOPC-SS showed tumor neutralizing activity. However, their tumor neutralizing activity was abrogated when they were treated in vitro with anti-Thy1.2 or anti-L3T4 plus complement. Moreover, when combined with indomethacin per oral, IL-1 plus MOPC-SS significantly suppressed the growth of established subcutaneous tumor and prolonged survival of post-operative mice. These results suggest that this new type of active specific immunotherapy could be a useful method for cancer immunotherapy, especially when combined with oral indomethacin.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Analysis of cis-regulatory elements involved in the activation of a member of chalcone synthase gene family (PsChs1) in pea.

Cis-regulatory elements involved in the activation of the plant defense-related gene encoding chalcone synthase 1 (PsChs1) in pea (Pisum sativum L.) were examined by transient transfection, gel mobility shift assay and in vitro DNase I-footprinting analysis. Transient transfection assay revealed that a 61 bp DNA fragment spanning from -242 to -182 of PsChs1 was required for the maximal promoter activity and possibly involved in the enhancement of elicitor-mediated activation. Nuclear isolate from elicitor-treated pea epicotyl tissues contained some factor(s) that specifically bound to this DNA fragment to form a complex with low mobility (LMC, low mobility complex) in gel mobility shift assay. DNase I-footprinting analysis of LMC revealed that among three protected regions detected in a 61 bp DNA fragment, two regions contained identical AT-rich sequence, TAAAATACT. Site directed mutation in either or both identical sequences, TAAAATACT to TGGAATACT, resulted in the reduction or loss in the ability to form LMC. Detailed analysis of 61 bp DNA fragment demonstrated that the region from -242 to -226 containing promoter-distal TAAAATACT motif was imperative for the maximal elicitor-mediated activation of PsChs1.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed1996

Late development of hydrothorax induced by a central venous catheter: report of a case.

We report herein the case of a 47-year-old woman who suffered a hydrothorax induced by a central venous catheter (CVC) which had been placed to facilitate total parenteral nutrition following a left sleeve pneumonectomy for lung cancer. The CVC was inserted into the superior vena cava (SVC) through the left subclavian vein after the operation; however, the tip inadvertently turned upward and came in contact with the lateral wall of the SVC. The patient suddenly developed dyspnea due to a right-sided hydrothorax 47 days after the insertion of the catheter. Indocyamine green administered through the catheter was thereafter found in the pleural fluid. The continuous mechanical force of the catheter tip against the SVC wall was thus considered to be the cause of this life-threatening delayed hydrothorax.

Catheterization, Central Venous↗
PubMed1996

Skip metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Whether any difference exists in clinical characteristics between resected non-small cell lung cancer with either skip or ordinary mediastinal lymph node metastases (N2 disease) needs to be clarified. METHODS: There were 110 patients with stage IIIA N2 disease. Thirty-three patients demonstrating no metastasis at the hilar nodes [skip (+) group] were compared with the other 77 patients [skip (-) group]. To investigate the extent of nodal involvement, we classified the mediastinal lymph nodes into three regions (superior, inferior, or aortic). RESULTS: There were no significant differences regarding histologic type, T status, or the site of the primary tumors between the skip (+) and the skip (-) N2 groups. In the skip (+) group, mediastinal node metastasis was found in only one region (level 1) in 30 patients (90.9%) and in two regions (level 2) in 3 (9.1%), whereas 28 patients (36.4%) from the skip (-) group revealed mediastinal metastasis at two or three regions (level 2 or 3). The overall survival rate at 5 years after operation was 35% in the skip (+) group and 12.7% in the skip (-) group (p = 0.054). This favorable clinical outcome in the skip (+) group could be explained partially by the higher proportion of patients with level 1 metastases. Furthermore, regarding patients with level 1 disease, the skip (+) group tended to have a better prognosis than the skip (-) group (p = 0.096). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that patients with skip mediastinal lymph node metastases represent a unique subgroup of N2 disease.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed1996

The clinical significance of serum soluble interleukin-2 receptors in lung cancer.

It has been recently reported that the soluble interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) levels in the sera of cancer patients were higher than those of normal controls. The present study was conducted in order to clarify the clinical significance of serum soluble IL-2R in patients with lung cancer. Using commercially available EIA kits, we measured the serum levels of soluble IL-2R in 102 lung cancer patients and 18 normal controls. The serum level of IL-2R was higher than 100 pM (mean +3 S.D. in the normal controls) in 14 of 58 patients with adenocarcinoma and in 13 of 32 patients with squamous cell carcinoma. In both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, the mean level of soluble IL-2R was higher in advanced stages (Stages IIIA, IIIB and IV) than in early stages (Stages I and II). In contrast, no patients with small cell carcinoma exhibited a serum level of soluble IL-2R higher than 100 pM, whereas almost all of those patients were in advanced-stage diseases. These results first demonstrated that the serum level of soluble IL-2R increased in association with both the disease stage and the histological type in lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Alpha-fetoprotein-producing adenocarcinoma of the lung.

We herein present a case of metachronous primary lung cancers, the first of which was adenosquamous cell carcinoma and the second of which was poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. At the time the second lung cancer was detected 5 years after being operated on for the first cancer, a high level of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was noticed, but no elevation of other tumor markers was observed. In addition, no liver metastases, chronic liver diseases or other systemic abnormalities were seen either. The serum AFP level was 696 ng/ml, and the profile of lectin affinity showed a tumor-derived pattern. Two weeks after the operation, the serum AFP level decreased to a normal level. An immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that the exact origin of AFP was the tumor tissue. A specimen taken from the first lung cancer was not stained by the same procedures, which thus indicated this case to be a double primary lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

[Study of erythrocyte sedimentation rate in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

We studied the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ERS) and related factors that influence ESR in 326 patients with Pulmonary tuberculosis. The ESR tended to be higher for aged subjects and showed a difference between patients under 59 years old and patients over 60 years old. Besides, patients under 30 years old tended to present lower ESR. It is suggested that they may be under the influence of inapparent infection. For The Japanese Society for Tuberculosis Classification, a significant difference was noted in the extent, but there was no difference about the presence of cavity. A significant correlation was detected between ESE and Gaffky scale, ESR and CRP, and ESR and period until sputum culture became negative. But CRP negative cases were observed in about 28%. CRP alone was not sufficient for the evaluation of the morbid condition of Mycobacterium infection. Receiver-Operator Characteristic curve analysis confirmed that ESR is useful among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Therefore evaluation of ESR together with CRP was needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A classical strain of Vibrio cholerae with diminished ability to process the proteolytically sensitive site in the A subunit of cholera toxin.

Vibrio cholerae O1, No. 31, a strain isolated from a patient with mild diarrhea, produced mainly the unnicked cholera toxin. The amount of toxin that had accumulated in the cells was approximately 200 times lower than that secreted into the culture medium. When the unnicked toxin was purified by three successive column chromatographies and then extracted from the polyacrylamide gel, the unnicked toxin showed two bands corresponding to the A and B subunits by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the A1 fragment was detected by trypsinization. Biological and enzymatic activities of the purified toxin with trypsinization were identical to those of cholera toxin from V. cholerae 569B as seen in the rabbit skin permeability test and the NAD:agmatine ADP-ribosyltransferase assay. DNA sequences of the A and B subunits were identical to those of the A- and B-subunit genes from the El Tor 2125 and classical 0395 strains, respectively. These data suggest that the wild V. cholerae strain, No. 31, produces a toxin identical to toxins previously reported in the literature and secretes it without accumulation in the cell, as is the case with other strains. However, strain No. 31's ability to nick the toxin is diminished compared with such abilities of other strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Tendinous movement of a human muscle during voluntary contractions determined by real-time ultrasonography.

The degree of shortening or lengthening of muscles during joint actions has not been clarified in humans, although such information is essential in understanding human muscle functions. In this study, the tendinous movement of a muscle was determined by real-time ultrasonography during voluntary contractions. The tibialis anterior muscle (TA) was tested in five healthy men who performed dorsi- and plantar flexion movements (shortening and lengthening of TA) at two frequencies (0.1 and 1.5 Hz). The insertion point (eta) of fascicles onto the aponeurosis was clearly visualized on the ultrasonogram, and its position relative to a fixed marker moved proximally and distally according to dorsi- and plantar flexion of ankle joint. The movement of eta occurred in phase with the angular change of ankle joint, giving high correlations (r = 0.93 to 0.97) between the displacement of eta and the angle. The displacement of eta for one radian of joint angle change, 46.5 +/- 1.7 (SD) mm, was comparable to the reported moment arm of TA. The present method has many potential applications in the field of muscle physiology and biomechanics in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Peripheral superior cerebellar artery aneurysm.

A 48-year-old male harboring a rare peripheral superior cerebellar artery aneurysm presented with sudden severe headache. Neurological examination on admission revealed no deficit except stiff neck. Computed tomography showed subarachnoid hemorrhage. Left vertebral angiography showed an aneurysm at the anterior pontomesencephalic segment (anterior pontine segment) of the left superior cerebellar artery. The neck of the aneurysm was rather high, 10 mm above the biclinoid line. The aneurysm was clipped through an orbitozygomatic transsylvian approach. His postoperative course was uneventful. We recommend this skull base approach especially for high-positioned aneurysms at this segment.

Arteries↗
PubMed1996

[Lymphocyte subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia].

Lymphocyte activation may be involved in interstitial inflammatory processes in the lungs. We analyzed lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from 15 patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) and from 7 controls. Clinical criterial were used to divide the patients with IIP into two groups: acute (n = 5) and chronic (n = 10). Lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were analyzed with a flow-cytometric two-color system. Differential cell counts showed that percentages and numbers of lymphocytes were significantly higher in patients with acute IIP (44.2 +/- 25.2%, 12.3 +/- 8.18 x 10(4)/ml) than in controls (8.31 +/- 3.66%, 0.69 +/- 0.39 x 10(4)/ml, p < 0.05) and in patients with chronic IIP (8.44 +/- 6.11%, 1.58 +/- 1.08 x 10(4)/ml, p < 0.05). In particular, percentages and numbers of CD8+ S6F1+ lymphocytes, which are regarded as activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes were markedly higher in patients with acute IIP (32.3 +/- 16.0%, 39.6 +/- 37.1 x 10(3)/ml), than in controls (6.31 +/- 1.69%, 0.42 +/- 0.25 x 10(3)/ml, p < 0.05) and in patients with chronic IIP (10.6 +/- 6.16%, 1.88 +/- 1.42 x 10(3)/ml, p < 0.05). These data suggest that patients with acute IIP differ from those with chronic IIP in the percentage and the number of lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and that activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute IIP.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[Subsets of lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid from patients with idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia].

Lymphocyte activation may be involved in interstitial inflammatory processes in the lungs. We analyzed lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from 5 patients with idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia and from 7 control subjects. Lymphocytes were analyzed by two-flow cytometry. Differential cell counts showed that the percentage and the number of lymphocytes was higher in the patients (32.9 +/- 21.9%, 12.8 +/- 8.32 x 10(4) cells/ml) than in the controls (8.31 +/- 3.66%, 0.69 +/- 0.39 x 10(4) cells/ml, p < 0.05). In particular, the patients had many more CD8+ S6F1+ lymphocytes (which are considered to be activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes; 32.2 +/- 11.8%, 42.0 +/- 26.5 x 10(3) cells/ml) than did the controls (6.31 +/- 1.69%, 0.42 +/- 0.25 x 10(3) cells/ml, p < 0.01). These data indicate that activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing preumonia.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Increased circulating serum amyloid A protein derivatives in rheumatoid arthritis patients with secondary amyloidosis.

Secondary amyloidosis, a serious complication of chronic inflammatory diseases, is caused by the deposition of amyloid fibrils in various organs. The major component of amyloid fibrils is derived from serum amyloid A protein (SAA) by proteolysis. To explore the mechanisms of amyloidogenesis, we measured SAA concentrations in the sera of 38 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) without secondary amyloidosis and in the sera of 18 RA patients with secondary amyloidosis, using the latex agglutination immunoassay. We also determined whether SAA was present as a full-length protein in the sera of RA patients by immunoblotting. Although SAA concentrations were elevated in the sera, there were no significant differences in these concentrations between RA patients without amyloidosis (128.2 +/- 145.4 micrograms/ml) and RA patients with amyloidosis (165.0 +/- 162.9 micrograms/ml). To test for qualitative abnormalities of SAA, the isolated SAA proteins from individual RA patients were analyzed by anti-SAA immunoblot. In addition to full-length SAA protein, 6-kd and 4.5-kd SAA-derived fragments were detected in the sera of RA patients, and the ratio of these fragments to total SAA proteins was significantly higher in RA patients with amyloidosis (37.0% +/- 0.7%) compared with that of RA patients without amyloidosis (15.0% +/- 5.5%). Although a high serum level of SAA is a predisposing condition for amyloid formation in RA patients, our data suggest that the increased circulating proteolytic cleavage of SAA may potentially contribute to the development of AA-amyloid deposition.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim-induced pneumonitis in a patient with hemophilia B who was infected with the human immunodeficiency virus].

Severe cellular immunosuppression developed in a 25-year-old man with hemophilia B who was infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Four days after administration of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMX-TMP) for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), diffuse uptake of both lungs was confirmed on a 67Ga scintigram. Reticular shadows were also seen throughout both lung fields on a chest CT scan. These findings were compatible with PCP, according to the guidelines for presumptive diagnosis of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The dose of SMX-TMP was increased, but interstitial pneumonitis worsened and was accompanied by fever, skin rash, and liver dysfunction, which are common in HIV-infected patients receiving SMX-TMP. No evidence of PCP or of any other opportunistic infection was found by bronchoalveolar lavage. Adverse reactions diminished after SMX-TMP administration was stopped. The 67Ga scintigram and chest CT findings also returned to normal. We concluded that the interstitial pneumonitis was induced by SMX-TMP. SMX-TMP is the first choice anti-PCP drug, but a high incidence of adverse reactions in patients with HIV infection has been reported. Therefore the possibility of SMX-TMP-related pulmonary toxicity must be considered in HIV-infected patients.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1996

[Pulmonary metastatic carcinoma of the rectum growing extensively in the bronchial lumen--a case report].

A 75-year-old man secondly developed a solitary pulmonary metastatic carcinoma of the rectum, who had undergone an operation for the first pulmonary metastatic disease in the left upper division segment before three years. The second tumor was about 2.0 cm in diameter, and located in the central area of the left lower lobe. At the time of operation, the tumor was found at the roots of both the B8 and the B9 bronchi, and thus removed by the basal segmentectomy. The resected specimen showed an endobronchial growth of metastatic adenocarcinoma in both the B8 and the B9 bronchi. Especially in the lumen of the B9 bronchus, the tumor dendritically extended from the central portion to the peripheral portion. The growing pattern of the tumor was very unique, and gave us attention to the extension of resection for metastatic lung carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation].

We report a patient who underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for ALL. The patient presented low grade fever, cough and dyspnea at day 3 after after bone marrow transplantation. Imaging studies showed bilateral patchy infiltrates on chest X-ray and chest CT. Though treated by antibiotics, chest auscultation recognized marked bilateral inspiratory crackles. Transbronchial lung biopsy performed on day 34 showed bronchiolitis obliterans and an organizing interstitial pneumonia. The patient was treated with methylprednisolone and follow up computed tomography findings improved.

Administration, Oral↗