Biomedical subjects

Y Iida

Publications and source records attributed to Y Iida.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Multiple thyroid involvement (intraglandular metastasis) in papillary thyroid carcinoma. A clinicopathologic study of 105 consecutive patients.

Multiple thyroid involvement (MTI) in papillary thyroid carcinoma was clinicopathologically studied in 105 non-selected, consecutive patients. Whole thyroids resected by total thyroidectomy were sectioned at intervals of 2-3 mm (mean number of slices per gland, 19.2) and histologically reviewed. The intraglandular cancer foci, other than the tumor regarded as the primary focus, were demonstrated in 82 (78.1%) of 105 patients. The foci were usually small (less than 4 mm) and were not accompanied by sclerotic fibrous stroma or by a fibrous capsule. These small foci were distributed around the primary lesion and also were found frequently (61.0%) in the opposite lobe as bilateral disease. In the opposite lobe, a similar incidence (approximately 30%) of disease was obtained in each of the three parts (upper, middle, and lower). The mean number of foci in patients with MTI was statistically correlated to age, the presence of lymph node metastases, and the presence of solid areas or psammoma bodies in the primary tumor. It was concluded that MTI could be regarded as one of the most striking and important biologic characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Recruitment of T lymphocytes and induction of tumor necrosis factor in thyroid cancer by a local immunotherapy.

To elucidate the mechanism of action for intratumoral injection of immunopotentiators, infiltrating mononuclear cells and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were assayed by immunostaining tissue samples of differentiated thyroid cancer resected with or without presurgical local application of OK-432, a streptococcal preparation. Frozen sections of resected specimens were stained with monoclonal antibodies using either a conventional or a modified immunoperoxidase method. The tumors injected with OK-432 showed increased T lymphocyte infiltration and HLA-DR expression on cancer cells as compared to the non-injected controls. Among these T cells, the CD4+ subset was more numerous than the CD8+ population. In four out of the seven cases constituting the injected group, numerous TNF-positive cells were seen in clusters or lines as well as scattered, while none of the seven cases in the control group was associated with a considerable amount of these cells. In their morphology and distribution pattern, these TNF-positive cells appeared to be of macrophage lineage. Thus local injection of OK-432 in thyroid cancer was shown to recruit T lymphocytes of predominantly the CD4+ subset and to induce in situ production of TNF, a known potent tumoricidal cytokine. The present data warrant further studies in this direction besides wider clinical intratumoral application of the reagent.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Bowel preparation for the total colonoscopy by 2,000 ml of balanced lavage solution (Golytely) and sennoside.

One of disadvantages of the Golytely preparation is that examinees have to drink as much as 4,000 ml of Golytely. To overcome this disadvantage, we designed a modified preparation regimen in which examinees have to drink only 2,000 ml of Golytely by taking sennoside orally. Bowel preparation was carried out in 297 examinees by this modified method. Examinees ate their usual diet and took 36 mg of sennoside orally on the night before the examination. On the day of the examination, the examinees drank a total of 2,000 ml of Golytely. No severe complications were noted and 97% of the examinees were able to drink the dose of 2,000 ml. Subjects who had also experienced bowel preparation by the modified method of Brown were asked to compare the two regimens, and only 1% preferred Brown's method while 73% preferred bowel preparation by our Golytely method. The result of bowel preparation by this method was excellent or good in 90 to 97% of the subjects at all sites in the colon and rectum. We conclude that bowel preparation for total colonoscopy using 2,000 ml of Golytely and sennoside is superior because it is highly acceptable to the examinees and provides excellent gut irrigation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Preparation and biodistribution in mice of [11C]carfentanil: a radiopharmaceutical for studying brain mu-opioid receptors by positron emission tomography.

A potent mu-opioid agonist, [11C]carfentanil, was prepared by the methylation of carfentanil carboxylic acid with [11C]methyl iodide in order to study brain mu-opioid receptors by positron emission tomography. Synthesis (including purification) was completed within 25 min and the radiochemical yield was approximately 40%. The radiochemical purity of the product was more than 99% and its specific activity was 3.7-7.4 GBq/mumol. Biodistribution studies performed in mice after intravenous injection showed a high brain uptake and rapid blood clearance, so a high brain/blood ratio of 1.5-1.8 was found from 5 to 30 min. Regional cerebral distribution studies in the mouse showed a significantly higher uptake of [11C]carfentanil by the thalamus and striatum than by the cerebellum, with the radioactivity in the striatum disappearing more rapidly than that in the thalamus. Treatment with naloxone significantly reduced the uptake of [11C]carfentanil by the thalamus and striatum. These results indicate that [11C]carfentanil binds specifically to brain mu-opioid receptors.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Preparation of 123I-labeled 2'-iodospiperone and imaging of D2 dopamine receptors in the human brain using SPECT.

[123I]2'-ISP was readily prepared using a radioiodine exchange reaction with a radiochemical yield of approx. 50% after HPLC purification. The radiochemical purity of the product was more than 98% and the specific activity was 5.55-11.1 GBq/mumol. Biodistribution studies performed in mice indicated that injection of [123I]2'-ISP with albumin produced a higher gastric uptake and a lower brain uptake than injection of the radioligand in a weakly acidic solution. In addition, toxicity tests performed in mice demonstrated that acute toxic effects would be very unlikely to be encountered if 2'-ISP was used for diagnostic purposes. A preliminary imaging study with [123I]2'-ISP in a healthy human volunteer showed its specific uptake by the basal ganglia, a region of the brain known to have a high density of D2 dopamine receptors.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Undifferentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland: sonographic findings.

We report high resolution sonographic (7.5 MHz) findings in four cases of undifferentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Sonographic findings in these four cases included poorly marginated, hypoechoic masses associated with calcifications, and invasion of adjacent cervical structures. A knowledge of the sonographic features of undifferentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland is of clinical importance, since the tumour has a grave prognosis, quite different from the relatively favourable prognosis of well differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Ga-67 citrate accumulation in adenomatous goiter.

An elderly woman with a diffusely enlarged goiter and multiple miliary nodular lesions on chest x-ray showed Ga-67 accumulation in the right thyroid lobe. Histologic findings obtained after total thyroidectomy and open lung biopsy revealed papillary carcinoma in the left lobe with pulmonary metastases and adenomatous nodules in the right lobe. This is the first report of Ga-67 accumulation in adenomatous goiter.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1992

Pancreatic polypeptide-immunoreactive gallbladder carcinoid tumor.

Gallbladder carcinoid tumor seen in a 62-year-old woman is described. The neoplasm with typical histologic features of classic carcinoid tumor was a 10 x 8 x 3 mm polyp at the neck of the gallbladder. The argyrophilic tumor cells were diffusely immunoreactive for neuron-specific enolase, cystatin C, chromogranin A and pancreatic polypeptide. A few cells were further positive for somatostatin. The presence of neurosecretory-type granules was confirmed ultrastructurally. The clinicopathologic significance of polypoid presentation of gallbladder carcinoid tumor is emphasized.

Carcinoid Tumor↗

PubMed1992

Small cell (endocrine cell) carcinoma of the gallbladder with squamous and adenocarcinomatous components.

Small cell (endocrine cell) carcinoma of the gallbladder in a 62-year-old woman is reported. The palliative cholecystectomy specimen revealed a submucosally invading tumor with extensive hemorrhagic necrosis. At autopsy, performed five months after surgery, a huge tumor measuring 14 x 12 x 8 cm was located at the liver hilus. No signs or symptoms related to overproduction of hormones were recorded throughout her illness. Neither lung lesions nor gall stones were identified. Histologically, diffuse proliferation of small, spindle-shaped atypical tumor cells with numerous mitoses was evident. Intraepithelial tumor cell proliferation in the gallbladder mucosa was seen focally. The neuroendocrine nature of the tumor cells was confirmed by the histologic pattern of growth with pseudo-rosette formation, positive reaction for Grimelius' argyrophilia, neuron-specific enolase and Leu 7, and ultrastructural demonstration of neuroendocrine-type granules. Immunostaining for a variety of hormones was all negative. Characteristically, foci with squamous and adenocarcinomatous differentiation were identified in the tumor tissue. The glandular components were immunoreactive for carcinoembryonic antigen, secretory component, epithelial membrane antigen and CA19-9. The histogenesis and totipotentiality of the neoplasm were discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1992

Fluid-phase activation of the alternative pathway of complement by excess factor D in regularly dialyzed patients.

We examined the effect of excess factor D on the alternative pathway of complement (APC). First, we demonstrated that the production of C3a is accelerated in the fluid-phase with the addition of purified factor D. Analysis by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions showed that the serum iC3b level was elevated when incubated with excess factor D. Secondly, we demonstrated, by measuring the C5a-des-Arg level, that the generation of C5a was promoted in the fluid-phase with the addition of purified factor D. We then studied whether activation of APC is elevated in the blood of patients on maintenance hemodialysis whose sera contained a high concentration of factor D. First, we detected, by fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis, greater amounts of C3d on erythrocytes from the patients (mean fluorescence intensity +/- SD: 7.7 +/- 1.7 arbitrary units) than those from healthy individuals (5.4 +/- 0.5 arbitrary units; p less than 0.001). Secondly, serum C3 level was significantly lower (p less than 0.001) in patients (mean +/- SD: 63.3 +/- 8.2 mg/dl) than in healthy individuals (84.8 +/- 9.5 mg/dl), whereas there was no difference in serum C4 level between patients (32.4 +/- 6.9 mg/dl) and healthy individuals (33.0 +/- 7.4 mg/dl). Serum C5 level was almost the same in patients (10.5 +/- 1.5 mg/dl) and in healthy individuals (11.2 +/- 1.3 mg/dl). These results provide supportive evidence of elevated APC activation in patients with high serum factor D.

Blood Circulation↗

PubMed1992

Alexithymia and depression in families with alcoholics.

Alexithymia and depression in family members of alcoholics were examined among 48 families. Results were as follows: (1) The prevalence of alexithymia was 47.9% (23 cases), whereas that of depression was only 6.3% (3 cases); (2) no significant correlation between alexithymia and depression was noted; (3) expressiveness and conflict were significantly lower in families with alcoholics than in healthy families without alcoholics, although families with alcoholics do have strong conflicts. The results suggest the possibility that half of them forcefully suppress their conflicts, unconsciously deny the existence of alcoholics, and finally manifest secondary alexithymia.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

The body shape preferences of Japanese female students.

A questionnaire was developed and administered to 433 female college students in 1985 and 973 females in 1990 to assess their body shape preferences. Their ideal weights for their current heights as estimated by them were analyzed using the body mass index. Our samples perceived their 'average' BMI at -0.5 s.d. of their mean current BMI. As a consequence they were very strict in setting the fat-borderline and tolerant in the thin-borderline. The perceived 'ideal' BMI was at -0.5 s.d. of their perceived 'average' and at about -1.0 s.d. of their actual average. Their extreme slim-body preference might have its root in the lack of proper understanding of what the 'average' body weight was, which might also be affected by the fact that they set their ideal shape at the level even lower than their misunderstood 'average'. The tendency was striking among those who considered their ideal body shape to be 'thin' and 'very thin'. These findings have not changed in the last five years in Japan. As for the 'contentment' regarding their weight, the most satisfied group changed from the nationally estimated 'thin' group to 'very thin' group in the last five years.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[A case of sliding commissuroplasty for the chordal rupture in the paracommissural area].

A 67-year-old female patient underwent mitral valvuloplasty for mitral regurgitation due to the chordal rupture at the posterior commissure. Sliding commissuroplasty was made to avoid large annular plication. Carpentier's prosthetic ring (30 mm) was sutured to remodel the annulus and to reinforce repair. Postoperative Left ventriculogram revealed no regurgitation. Sliding commissuroplasty is effective for mitral regurgitation due to commissural chordal rupture.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

[A case report of ruptured aneurysm of the sinus Valsalva resulted in tricuspid valve endocarditis].

A case of a 42-year-old man with ruptured aneurysm of the sinus Valsalva resulted in tricuspid valve endocarditis was reported. The aneurysm originating from the right sinus Valsalva ruptured into the right atrium, which caused tricuspid valve endocarditis. The aneurysm was closed through right atrial approach. A part of the septal leaflet of tricuspid valve including vegetation was resected and repaired.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Combined revascularization of coronary and femoral arteries].

A 63-year-old male patient with both coronary artery disease and leg ischemia was successfully treated with a combined procedure. Coronary arteries were bypassed with the saphenous vein graft and in situ left internal mammary artery, and bilateral femoral arteries were bypassed with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts descended from the ascending aorta through the preperitoneal abdominal wall tunnel. After this procedure he experienced neither angina nor claudication.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗

PubMed1992

[Successful repair of tetralogy of Fallot combined with aortic valve replacement in a 65-year-old woman].

Survival to seventh decade with tetralogy of Fallot is uncommon. Herein we report a successful repair of tetralogy of Fallot combined with aortic valve replacement for concomitant aortic valve regurgitation in a 65-year-old woman. She had been in severe congestive heart failure and respiratory failure, and also showed liver and renal dysfunction preoperatively. Postoperative course has been good but ventricular arrhythmia of Lown grade II persisted.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Simultaneous determination of a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist (MPC-1304) and its metabolite in dog plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.

A rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis, with electrochemical detection, has been developed for the simultaneous determination of a new calcium-channel antagonist, (+/-)-methyl 2-oxopropyl-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedi carboxylate (I, MPC-1304), and its active metabolite in dog plasma. The plasma extract with toluene was chromatographed on a reversed-phase column and detected by an electrochemical detector at + 0.92 V. Calibration curves were linear from 2.0 to 100.0 ng/ml, and the detection limit was ca. 0.25 ng/ml. This method is applicable to the simultaneous determination of I and its metabolite in dog plasma following the oral administration of I.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[Results of radioiodine therapy in 47 patients with distant metastases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma].

In the last ten years, 47 patients with distant metastases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma have been treated with 131I following total thyroidectomy. Post-therapy whole body 131I scans revealed detectable uptake in the metastatic lesions in 23 (62%) of 37 patients with lung metastases, 10 (67%) of 15 patients with bone metastases five (71%) of seven patients with mediastinal metastases, and neither of two patients with brain metastases. The concentration of 131I in the metastases was significantly correlated with serum T3 and T4 concentrations, and inversely correlated with serum TSH concentrations. Most of the patients with a strong positive scan were euthyroid, suggesting that thyroid hormones produced by the tumor compensated for hypothyroidism following total thyroidectomy. There was no significant relationship between serum thyroglobulin concentration during T4 replacement therapy and 131I uptake or the efficacy of therapy. Twenty patients with lung (54%), five with bone (33%), two with mediastinal (29%), and none with brain metastases showed tumor regression after treatment. Significantly increased 131I uptake in lung metastases, better therapeutic results and better prognosis were demonstrated in young patients. In conclusion, age, 131I whole body scanning and serum thyroid hormone concentrations are considered to be useful in predicting the efficacy of 131I treatment for distant metastases, especially in the lung.

Adenocarcinoma↗