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Biomedical subjects

Y Inaba

Publications and source records attributed to Y Inaba.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Left ureteral tumor five years after radical cystectomy associated with duplication of inferior vena cava: a case report].

A 70-year-old male was admitted with left lumbago. He underwent a radical cystectomy five years earlier due to recurrent bladder carcinoma. Excretory urography revealed left hydronephrosis, left hydroureter and a right ureteral stone. Antegrade pyelography and urinary cytology of left kidney suggested the presence of left ureteral tumor and this was confirmed by an endoscopic work up through the nephrostomy. This patient was revealed to have a duplicated inferior vena cava by CT scan and vena cavography. A radical left nephroureterectomy was done uneventfully. M-VAC was adopted for post operative therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Notification of HIV carriers: possible effect on uptake of AIDS testing.

Passing of the AIDS Prevention Bill, which demands the notification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) carriers, seems imminent in Japan. Its effect on people's willingness to be tested for the HIV antibody was assessed among heterosexual subjects (students, office workers) and groups at high risk of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (prostitutes, homosexual males) by means of a questionnaire. More than 70% of the 811 students and 509 workers replied that, if notification became mandatory, they would agree to be tested but 10% of the males and 17% of the females in these two groups would prefer testing at institutes not complying with the clause; all 198 prostitutes said that they would be prepared to undergo testing but 35% of them would prefer to go to non-complying clinics; 45% (410) of 902 homosexual males replied that they would refuse testing, and 65% of those who would agree to be tested (492) would prefer to go to non-complying clinics. These findings strongly suggest that when the bill is passed the greater the self-perceived risk of HIV infection the poorer will be the uptake of AIDS testing. Hence the bill would be counterproductive in the surveillance of potential HIV carriers.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Physicochemical properties of transmissible gastroenteritis virus hemagglutinin.

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus was readily adsorbed onto chicken erythrocytes at 4 degrees C. The hemagglutinin thus adsorbed could be eluted from the erythrocytes by incubating in phosphate buffered saline at 37 degrees C. The receptor on chicken erythrocytes for the hemagglutinin was inactivated by neuraminidase and potassium periodate, but not by trypsin, 2-mercaptoethanol and formalin. The hemagglutinin was inactivated by trypsin, papain, pepsin, alpha-amylase, phospholipase C, neuraminidase, formalin, 2-mercaptoethanol, potassium periodate, ethyl ether, chloroform, Tween-80 and beta-propiolactone, but not by sodium deoxycholate and trichlorotrifluoroethane, suggesting that the active component of the hemagglutinin involved glycoproteins. The hemagglutinin was stable at 37 degrees C or lower temperatures but not at 60 degrees C or higher temperatures. The hemagglutinin activity was resistant to ultraviolet irradiation, while the infectivity was very susceptible. The hemagglutinin and the infectivity were readily sedimented by ultracentrifugation at 45,000 x g for 60 minutes. In rate zonal centrifugation of the hemagglutinin preparation on a sucrose density gradient, the hemagglutinin activity showed a sharp peak at 1.19 g/ml coinciding with the peak of infectivity. The activity in the peak fraction seemed to be structurally associated with virus particles.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1988

A review of 102 consecutive patients with intracranial aneurysms in a community hospital in Japan.

One hundred and two consecutive non selected patients with intracranial aneurysms were reviewed. The incidence of ruptured aneurysm was 17.5 per population of 100,000 per year. The patients were divided into two groups, according to a change of policy that reversed the timing of operations from delayed to early surgery. The overall mortality and occurrence rate of neurological deficits due to vasospasm in patients in Hunt and Kosnik grades I through III were found to be lower during the period with a policy of early surgery. Elderly patients over 70 years old constituted 19% of the cases and those in poor condition (grade IV and V) 31%. These figures in this study are high, which may reflect the fact that these are common problems inherent in the treatment of ruptured aneurysms without patient selection at most community hospitals in the forefront of primary medical care.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Detection of antibody to pseudorabies virus in swine sera by indirect immunoperoxidase plaque staining.

A new method for the detection of pseudorabies antibody in swine sera was developed by use of the indirect immunoperoxidase plaque staining test. The indirect immunoperoxidase plaque staining test demonstrated serologic responses in pigs that were subcutaneously infected with pseudorabies virus. The test had a sensitivity and a specificity comparable to those of the complement-dependent neutralization test and appeared to be somewhat more sensitive than the neutralization test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The test was simple to perform, and the results could be read with the unaided eye under ordinary light, making the test particularly suitable for the routine testing of large numbers of serum samples.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Serial changes in focal hyperemia associated with hypertensive putaminal hemorrhage.

Seventeen separate xenon-enhanced computed tomographic images were performed in seven patients with hypertensive putaminal hemorrhage. Regional cerebral blood flow maps were then computed and assessed. All patients were categorized as being of good recovery potential, with moderate-sized hematomas, and all were treated conservatively. The regional cerebral blood flow assessments were scheduled within 4 days after, 2 weeks after, and less than 25 days after the ictus. The initial decrease in hemispheric blood flow ipsilateral to the side of the hematoma was calculated as the ratio of ipsilateral to contralateral hemispheric blood flow and was correlated with the size of the hematoma; that is, the larger the hematoma, the greater the decrease in the ratio of ipsilateral to contralateral hemispheric blood flow. The decrease persisted for 1 month. The mean of the ratio at 2 weeks after onset was 70%, the lowest during follow-up. All cases examined within 4 days after onset demonstrated perihematomatous focal hyperemia, or "luxury perfusion," which accounted for the delayed decrease. The same tissue that had previously shown hyperemia showed decreased regional cerebral blood flow 2 weeks after onset. Our results demonstrate that the luxury perfusion syndrome caused the secondary brain damage even in the cases that were in relatively good condition. The feasibility of treatment can be assessed by considering these results.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1988

[Experimental study of single and combined coaxial exposure by high-peaked pulse wave CO2 and Nd:YAG laser on the brain: effect on the brain microvasculature in the subacute stage].

The effect of single or combined coaxial exposure by Nd: YAG and CO2 (pulse wave) laser on the brain at the subacute stage was examined in experimental animals. Soft X-ray microangiography and histological examination of the brain were performed 48 hours after laser exposure. The lasers in this study were pulse wave form CO2 of 2, 4 and 8 watts and YAG lasers of 10, 20 and 40 watts, employed separately or simultaneously using 130 YZ of Nihon Infrared Industries Company. Japanese white rabbits were anesthetized with pentobarbital. Bilateral fronto-parietal craniectomy were made, and the dura was removed. After intravenous injection of Evans blue, the lasers were employed to the cerebral cortex using a micromanipulator attached to the operation microscope. The spot size was 0.7 mm in diameter for CO2 laser and 1.2 mm for Nd: YAG laser. Forty-eight hours after exposure, microangiography was performed and brains were prepared for the histological examination. Histological examination and microangiogram of the brain after CO2 laser exposure revealed semilunar avascular area in the edematous layer surrounded with dilated vessels. Histological examination and microangiogram of the brain after Nd: YAG laser exposure revealed broad avascular or oligovascular zones in the surrounding edematous tissue, in which the surviving vessels were narrowed. Edematous zones were also shown in the subcortical portion. The histological examination and microangiogram after combined coaxial exposure of CO2 and Nd: YAG lasers revealed triangular avascular or oligovascular zones in the edematous tissue, in which the surviving vessels were narrowed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Spectrum of double outlet right ventricle induced by electrical shock at the conotruncus of the embryonic chick heart: emphasis on cellular changes and evaluation of hemodynamics using Doppler.

Administration of electrical shock to the conotruncal area of embryonic chicks at developmental stage 24-27 induced a complex malformation, namely, double outlet right ventricle (DORV) of varying degrees of severity. The device used to apply electrical current to the heart was constructed using a 9-volt battery, a push-button switch, and a 100-ohm potentiometer with calibrated dial. This allowed a short pulse of known voltage to be applied through the electrodes to a selected area of the heart. Two different methods were chosen to administer electrical shock at the conotruncal area of the heart. One method utilized longitudinal application of electrical shock, and the other used horizontal application of electrical shock directly to the conotruncus. Three distinct types of DORV were found in the longitudinal (L) and the horizontal (H) electrical shock groups: 1) DORV without a ventricular septal defect (VSD), in which the dilated sinus of Valsalva of the aortic valve extends into the right ventricle. 2) DORV with a subaortic VSD, with variable degrees of pulmonary stenosis and a hypoplastic left ventricle. 3) DORV with a subpulmonic VSD, pulmonic stenosis and a hypoplastic right ventricle. Longitudinal stimulation produced a higher incidence of cardiovascular anomalies than horizontal stimulation (p = 0.01). Histological examination showed complete disappearance of myocardial fibers, myocardial degeneration, and the aggregation of protein material or glycogen within myocardial cells. Our Doppler findings demonstrate that relative to control embryos, peak velocity initially increased 3 minutes after electrical stimulation (p less than 0.01), and subsequently decreased significantly within 30 minutes (p less than 0.01). One may hypothesize that the marked initial increase of peak velocity was induced by tissue damage, which led to a narrowing of the conotruncal outflow tract. Evidence for contruncal narrowing was also reflected in percent window data (% W), which indicates the level of turbulence within a vessel. However, the decrease of peak velocity 30 minutes after stimulation might be caused by myocardial damage resulting in a diminished cardiac output. The relationship between cell death processes in the conotruncal area and DORV spectrum induced by electrical shock is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Hemagglutination with transmissible gastroenteritis virus.

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus grown in primary swine kidney cell cultures agglutinated erythrocytes from chicken, guinea pig and cattle but not erythrocytes from mouse and goose. The optimal incubation temperature was at 4 degrees C. The hemagglutination (HA) reaction was inhibited by specific antiserum. Some factors involved in the HA and HA-inhibition (HI) were investigated and standard HA and HI tests were established. HI antibody titers of individual pig sera showed a significant positive correlation with their neutralizing antibody titers.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Appearance of slow-reacting and complement-requiring neutralizing antibody in cattle infected with Akabane virus.

Slow-reacting complement-requiring neutralizing (NT) antibody was detected in sera from cattle 2 weeks after infection with Akabane virus. Bovine sera obtained 3 or 4 weeks after infection contained slow-reacting noncomplement-requiring NT antibody. The slow-reacting complement-requiring NT antibody was sensitive to 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME), whereas the slow-reacting noncomplement-requiring NT antibody was resistant to 2-ME. The initial phase may represent the IgM response and the later phase a change to IgG. A NT test was developed in which virus-serum mixtures were incubated at 4 degrees C for 48 h and then with complement at 37 degrees C for 60 min; this gave an improved sensitivity over the previous incubation at 37 degrees C for 60 min.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Isolation of Akabane virus from the biting midge Culicoides oxystoma in Japan.

Akabane virus was isolated from the biting midge, Culicoides oxystoma, collected in a cowshed in Kagoshima on Kyushu Island of Japan. This is the first report on the isolation of Akabane virus from biting midges of the genus Culicoides in Japan. Two calves kept as bait in the cowshed seroconverted to Akabane virus. These results strongly suggest that C. oxystoma may be a vector of Akabane virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Chronic subdural haematoma preceded by persistent traumatic subdural fluid collection.

The role of traumatic subdural fluid collections in the development of chronic subdural haematomas was studied in 43 of 715 patients who underwent a CT scan because of a recent head injury. Twenty of the 43 patients subsequently developed a chronic subdural haematoma, and this occurred especially in the aged. Nearly 50% of patients with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic subdural fluid collection may develop a chronic subdural haematoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Liver cancer in an endemic area of schistosomiasis japonica in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan.

In Yamanashi Prefecture, schistosomiasis japonica has been endemic since the 16th century. Control of the disease has been very successful and no new case has been reported since 1977. Research has been conducted on the relationship between schistosomiasis and liver cancer, but no definite conclusion has been reached. We carried out several studies on this subject from the viewpoint of epidemiology. A descriptive study showed a higher mortality rate for liver cancer in the endemic area of schistosomiasis than in the country as a whole, but not much difference from the mortality rate in the non-endemic area. A case-control study showed a high odds-ratio for cases with a history of schistosomiasis; however, the value is almost the same as for cases which had hepatitis B (HB) antigen. This study suggested a multiplicative effect of HB antigen, history of schistosomiasis and history of alcohol intake. A retrospective cohort study showed a significantly high mortality rate for liver cancer in male inhabitants of the endemic area. These results confirm that schistosomiasis was closely related to liver cancer. However, the follow-up study of liver cirrhosis showed no difference in the survival curve and death rate from liver cancer between schistosoma positive cases and negative cases. A cross-sectional study of the prevalence of HB virus showed a higher rate in inhabitants with a history of schistosomiasis than those without such a history. Although the above two studies were carried out in small samples, it is considered now that schistosomiasis is one of the co-factors of liver cancer and indirectly associated with it.

Demography↗