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Biomedical subjects

Y Kajita

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kajita.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Increased serum concentration of type IV collagen peptide and type III collagen peptide in hyperthyroidism.

Serum concentration of type IV collagen peptide, the 7S domain of type IV collagen (type IV collagen 7S) and the amino terminal propeptide of type III procollagen (type III procollagen peptide) is thought to be a useful marker of progressive liver disease. In the present study, serum levels of these collagens in patients with thyroidal diseases with normal liver function were assayed. Increased levels in the hyperthyroid state and relatively decreased levels in the hypothyroid state were observed. The increased levels in hyperthyroidism was most prominent in type IV collagen peptide. The increased level became normal in the subsidence of hyperthyroidism by treatment with anti-thyroid drug. A positive correlation between serum type IV collagen peptide levels and serum thyroid hormone levels such as T4, T3, free T4 and free T3 was observed. These facts show that serum type IV collagen peptide may be influenced by not only liver disease but also serum thyroid hormone levels. Type IV collagen peptide may provide a useful biochemical marker of hyperthyroid state.

Collagen↗
PubMed1992

Fatal encephalitis/encephalopathy in primary human herpesvirus-6 infection.

An encephalitic illness with a fatal outcome occurred in a 9 month old girl with virologically confirmed exanthem subitum. Human herpes-virus-6 (HHV-6) DNA was found in the cerebrospinal fluid at the acute stage of the disease by the polymerase chain reaction, but the virus antigen was not detected in her brain tissue. This suggests that HHV-6-induced encephalitis/encephalopathy may be due to a non-infectious process.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1992

Giant meningioma fed by the anterior choroidal artery: successful removal following embolization--case report.

A 53-year-old female was admitted with apathy, left sensory and motor disturbance, left homonymous hemianopsia, and dressing apraxia. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a huge mass markedly enhanced in and around the right trigone. Cerebral angiography revealed rich vascularity of the tumor mainly fed by the right anterior choroidal artery. The feeding vessel was embolized with microfibrillar collagen after superselective catheterization. Seven days later, the tumor was totally removed with low blood loss. The histological diagnosis was fibroblastic meningioma. She was discharged without neurological deficit, except for left homonymous hemianopsia.

Arteries↗
PubMed1991

Passage and digestibility of lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay in Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon) and sheep under restricted feeding.

The mean retention time (MRT) of stained hay through the whole digestive tract and its digestibility were measured in Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon) and were compared with those in sheep when lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay was fed at 10, 20 and 30 g/kg body-weight. The recoveries in faeces of plastic particles with five specific gravities were also measured in deer. MRT for deer was significantly shorter than that for sheep at 10 and 20 g/kg feeding levels. The digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, and neutral-detergent fibre were significantly lower for deer than for sheep at 30, 30 and 10 g/kg feeding levels respectively. The recovery rates of plastic particles were increased, but the ruminated rates were decreased, with increasing specific gravity in deer. These results suggest that the lower digestibility of lucerne hay in Japanese deer may be due to a shorter MRT compared with sheep.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Different binding of stimulatory-type and blocking-type TSH receptor antibody with guinea-pig testis membrane.

A receptor assay using [125I]bTSH-binding to guinea-pig testis membrane was developed. Unlabelled hCG and FSH inhibited [125I]bTSH binding. In patients with Graves' disease and in untreated hyperthyroid patients, almost all long-acting thyroid stimulators and thyroid-stimulating antibodies, respectively did not inhibit [125I]bTSH binding, which on the other hand was inhibited by thyroid stimulation blocking antibodies in patients with primary hypothyroidism. When the inhibitory effect on the binding of [125I]hCG and 125I-synthetic alpha-subunit peptide (alpha 26-46) of hCG to testis membrane was examined, bTSH resulted in a significant inhibition. However, all three kinds of TSH receptor antibodies had no inhibitory effect. This study demonstrated 1. interaction of alpha-subunit of TSH and hCG with the testicular receptor; 2. binding of thyroid stimulation-blocking antibody and lack of binding of thyroid-stimulating antibody to the testicular TSH receptor in spite of binding of these TSH receptor antibodies to the thyroidal TSH receptor, and 3. lack of binding of thyroid-stimulating antibody and thyroid stimulation-blocking antibody to the testicular gonadotropin receptor.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Severity of viremia and clinical findings in children with varicella.

The number of varicella zoster virus-infected mononuclear cells in blood samples obtained during 3 days before appearance of vesicular skin rashes could be estimated in 13 of 21 immunocompetent children with varicella and viremia (range, 1-83 per 10(7) mononuclear cells). The virus was isolated from 5% of adherent cells (1/21), 71% of nonadherent cells (12/17), 43% of T lymphocytes (9/21), and 33% of B lymphocytes (7/21). The number of vesicles on the body correlated with the maximum body temperature, duration of fever, and number of infected cells in the blood. These results indicate that varicella zoster virus infection in immunocompetent children is disseminated by circulating T and B lymphocytes and the severity of the viremia is reflected in the severity of the disease.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1990

Coexistence of autoantibody to human thyrotropin (TSH) and autoanti-idiotypic antibody to antihuman TSH antibody in a case with simple goiter.

A 70-yr-old woman with simple goiter showed normal serum levels of T4, T3, free T4, TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) and increased TBG. Discrepancy in serum hTSH level was observed by different assay methods. Coexistence of both autoantibodies for hTSH and for anti-hTSH antibody were demonstrated by the reaction of the patient's antibody with both 125I-hTSH and 125I-anti-hTSH (monoclonal antibody; mAb). These two autoantibodies belong to the polyclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG). The autoantibody for hTSH recognized only beta-subunit of hTSH. Neither stimulating type of TRAb in Graves' disease nor blocking type of TRAb in primary hypothyroidism interfered with the binding of the patient's antibody to 125I-hTSH or 125I-anti-hTSH. Anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-ID antibody) for anti-hTSH antibody was purified by anti-hTSH antibody affinity chromatography. The binding reaction of 125I-anti-hTSH (mAb) with this anti-ID antibody could be inhibited by the unlabeled hTSH. This anti-ID antibody might represent the internal image of the nonbiological active site of TSH molecule, because of absence of thyroid stimulating activity. Goiter in this patient may have occurred by the unbound TSH with IgG (free TSH) and the bound TSH with IgG, because TSH levels in both the whole serum and the IgG free serum (the unbound TSH with IgG) were decreased significantly by T4 treatment. Coexistence of these antibodies may participate in the autoimmune mechanism of an idiotype-anti-idiotype network.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The inhibition by calmodulin of thyroid-stimulating hormone binding to epididymal fat, testis and thyroid membranes in the guinea-pig.

Calmodulin inhibited 125I-labelled TSH binding to the membranes of various target tissues for TSH (thyroid, epididymal fat and testis) of the guinea-pig. This inhibition was abolished by adding EGTA (1 mmol/l). Calmodulin did not inhibit the binding of 125I-labelled epidermal growth factor (EGF) to these membranes. It is suggested that the inhibitory effect of calmodulin on the binding of TSH to the receptor is specific and that this mechanism is due to the direct binding of calmodulin to receptor membranes. The ability of calmodulin to bind to the membranes was calcium-sensitive while that of TSH was not. The binding of 125I-labelled calmodulin to these membranes increased significantly when the endogenous calmodulin in the membranes was removed by EGTA. It was not inhibited by a pure preparation of TSH, but it was inhibited by contaminated calmodulin in a crude TSH preparation. On the other hand, 125I-labelled TSH binding to these membranes did not change after the removal of endogenous calmodulin. In conclusion, exogenous calmodulin has an inhibitory effect on the binding of TSH but not of EGF to the membranes of guinea-pig thyroid, epididymal fat and testis.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Binding of bovine and porcine pituitary glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit to TSH antibody in serum of patients with Graves' disease.

The characteristics of autoantibodies reactive with bovine (b) TSH were examined in the sera of six patients with Graves' disease selected on the basis of highly negative values in the TSH receptor assay. Test sera were incubated with other 125I-labeled pituitary glycoprotein hormones and their isolated subunits (alpha and beta) [human (h) TSH, bTSH, porcine (p) TSH, pFSH, bFSH, bLH and equine (e) chorionic gonadotropin (CG)] (purity was confirmed by gel-filtration on Sephadex G-100 and SDS-PAGE), and the antibody bound fraction was precipitated by the addition of anti-human gamma-globulin (goat). Almost all sera showed detectable binding to bTSH, pTSH, pFSH, pTSH-alpha, bFSH-alpha, bLH-alpha, but not to hTSH, hTSH-alpha, hTSH-beta, hFSH, hLH, hCG, pTSH-beta, bLH-beta, eCG-alpha. Exceptions were very low binding to bLH-beta by one serum and to pTSH-beta, by two sera. The level of binding (B/T%) of the patients' sera to pTSH-alpha, bFSH-alpha and bLH-alpha was 3.0-27.7%, 2.6-45.3% and 2.2-39.0%, respectively; that of sera from normal healthy adults was 1.9 +/- 0.3%, 0.8 +/- 0.2% and 0.9 +/- 0.2% (mean +/- SD), respectively. These results indicate that the TSH antibodies recognize mainly an epitope in the alpha subunit of bovine and porcine pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, FSH, LH).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Clinical significance of mucin-like high molecular weight glycoprotein originated from lung cancer as tumor marker.

A high molecular weight, mucous glycoprotein (MG) from the pleural fluid of lung adenocarcinoma was purified by the DEAE-cellulose, gel-filtration and wheat germ agglutinin affinity chromatography. Protein portion of the molecule was composed of amino acids rich in serine, threonine and proline, but methionine and tyrosine concentrations were relatively low. About 65% of the weight, was composed of galactose, galactosamine, glucosamine, fucose and sialic acid. The gel-filtration pattern on Sepharose 4B revealed Mr greater than 10(6) Da. The SDS-PAGE pattern revealed a main band at the position of the Mr about 350 kDa under the reducing condition. Rabbit antibody against this molecule recognized mainly the peptide portion, and the radioimmunoassay (RIA) using the double antibody method was developed by this antibody. Serum MG level was low in healthy subjects and in benign diseases (0.8 +/- 0.7 U/ml; mean +/- SD and 1.1 +/- 2.3 U/ml, respectively). Thus, 3 U/ml was used as the cut-off value. The mean of serum MG levels and positive rates in malignant diseases were significantly high; 4.4 U/ml and 32.3% in lung cancer, 20.1 U/ml and 77.5% in pancreas cancer 11.6 U/ml and 64.3% in gastric cancer, 12.9 U/ml and 57.1% in hepatoma, 12.3 U/ml and 77.8 in colon cancer. Other malignancies such as ovarial and uterus cancer showed also high levels. Elevated values in these malignancies were observed frequently in patients with metastasis. On the other hand, the false positive cases were found in 10% of benign diseases. Determination of MG seems to be useful for the detection of several kinds of malignancies, but it is not adequately sensitive as a screening method for early cancer detection.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Viremia and neutralizing antibody response in infants with exanthem subitum.

Mononuclear cell-associated viremia caused by human herpesvirus type 6 was detected in 39 (66%) of 59 blood samples from 38 children with exanthem subitum between day 0 and day 7 of the disease. The rate of virus isolation from mononuclear cells was 100% (26/26) on days 0 to 2 (just before appearance of skin rash), 82% (9/11) on day 3, 20% (2/10) on day 4, 7% (2/12) on days 5 to 7, and 0% (0/37) on day 8 and thereafter. The cell-free virus was detected in blood in 10 (21%) of 47 blood samples during the same period. The antibody activity to the virus, evaluated by a newly developed neutralization assay, was first detected on day 3 of the disease with a positive rate of 18% (2/11). It became 60% (6/10) on day 4, 75% (9/12) on days 5 to 7, and 100% on day 8 and thereafter. Thus the disappearance of the virus from blood was associated with the induction of specific immunity to the virus.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Anti-TSH antibodies in Graves' disease and their failure to interact with TSH receptor antibodies.

The occasional occurrence in sera of patients with Graves' disease of negative values in the assay for TSH receptor antibodies led to the discovery of endogenous antibodies to TSH. We examined the sera of approximately 2500 patients with Graves' disease. Eight positive sera were found. The IgG in all 8 sera showed higher binding with both bTSH and porcine TSH (pTSH) than with human TSH (hTSH). This means that autoantibodies to TSH in sera from patients with Graves' disease are rare and often directed towards heterologous bovine and porcine TSH. When hTSH levels were determined in sera of hyperthyroid patients with positive antibodies to hTSH, discrepancies in serum hTSH levels were observed when using different assay methods, i.e. hTSH levels were higher with the double-antibody technique, and lower with immunoradiometric assays. Antibodies in these sera showed higher binding to pTSH-alpha subunit than to -beta subunit. The binding of the two pTSH subunits with antibodies could be displaced by intact bTSH. Neither stimulation in Graves' disease nor blocking in primary hypothyroidism of TSH receptor antibodies interfered with the binding of the anti-TSH antibodies to 125I-labelled pTSH, pTSH-alpha, and pTSH-beta. Consequently, using this type of autoantibodies to TSH we were unable to obtain evidence that the TSH receptor antibodies of patients with Graves' disease was an anti-idiotype antibody against anti-TSH antibodies.

Graves Disease↗
PubMed1988

Placental transfer of IgG subclass-specific antibodies to varicella-zoster virus.

Commercially available mouse monoclonal antibodies to human IgG subclasses (IgG 1 to IgG 4) were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to examine the placental transfer of IgG subclass-specific antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (VZV). All 46 mothers had total IgG antibody to VZV, and an equal level of antibody was found in the cord blood. All of the mothers had high antibody activities to VZV in IgG 1 and IgG 4 subclasses. The majority of the mothers were negative for IgG 2 and IgG 3 VZV antibodies, and the level of antibody found to be positive was very low. The IgG 1 antibody activity in the cord blood was almost equal to that of the maternal, and significantly higher level of IgG 4 antibody was found in the cord than maternal blood.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Immunoglobulin subclass antibodies to varicella-zoster virus.

Commercially available mouse monoclonal antibodies to human IgG subclass (IgG1 to IgG4) were applied to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure IgG subclass-specific antibodies to varicella-zoster virus in children naturally infected with varicella-zoster virus and in varicella vaccine recipients. In children naturally infected with varicella-zoster virus, IgG 1 antibody was detected 2 weeks after onset of the disease in all cases, its activity increased at 1 month after onset, and almost equal antibody value was maintained 10 years after infection. This pattern of antibody response was similar to that of total IgG antibody to varicella-zoster virus after natural infection. On the other hand, low antibody activity was found in IgG2 only at 1 month of the disease. The highest antibody level of IgG3 was shown 2 weeks after onset of the disease; then, it gradually decreased, and no antibody activity was detected 10 years later. IgG4 antibody was first detected 1 month after onset and an almost equal level of antibody was shown 10 years after the disease. After inoculation of children with a live varicella vaccine, in contrast, IgG subclass antibody responses to vaccine recipients were almost equal to those after natural infection.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1986

Inhibition of TSH binding to chicken thyroid by some cases of LATS (long acting thyroid stimulator).

TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) activity using chicken thyroid receptor (c-TRAb) and porcine thyroid receptor (p-TRAb) was determined by the incubation of 125I-bovine TSH with each receptor. Both c-TRAb and p-TRAb activity in LATS positive and negative Graves' sera were compared. 15 out of 39 LATS positive sera and 4 out of 46 LATS negative sera had positive c-TRAb activity. On the other hand, all LATS positive sera and 33 out of 46 LATS negative sera had positive p-TRAb activity. No relationship between c-TRAb and p-TRAb activity was observed, and there was also no correlation between c-TRAb and LATS activity. Changes in c-TRAb, p-TRAb and LATS activity in the clinical course of patients with Graves' disease were examined. These activities were parallel in some cases, but in others they were not. A weak c-TRAb activity was observed in 4 out of 29 Hashimoto's disease, but all cases with thyroid cancer and subacute thyroiditis showed no activity. Sera with positive c-TRAb activity did not stimulate chicken thyroid in chick bioassay. These results suggest that some cases of TRAb in Graves' disease (mainly LATS) inhibit TSH binding to chicken thyroid receptor (non-mammalian species) in the same way as mammalian thyroid, but may not have any stimulatory action on thyroid hormone synthesis. It is interesting to note that TRAb including LATS have the similar effect on TSH receptor even in nonmammalian species.

Animals↗