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Biomedical subjects

Y Kida

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kida.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Chemotherapy with cisplatin for AFP-secreting germ-cell tumors of the central nervous system.

Therapeutic results in 17 cases of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-secreting tumors of the central nervous system are reported. Twelve of the patients were male and five female. The patients' ages ranged from 5 years to 25 years (mean 13.6 years). The tumors originated in the pineal region in 10 cases, in the suprasellar region in four cases, and in both regions in one case; of the other two tumors, one originated in the basal ganglia and one in the sacrococcygeal region. Extraneural metastases or subarachnoid dissemination occurred in seven cases. Increased AFP titer in the serum or cerebrospinal fluid was verified in 13 cases. The patients were divided into two groups: those treated before (Group A) and those treated after (Group B) the introduction in 1980 of cisplatin as a chemotherapeutic agent. All seven Group A patients died, even after extensive therapy consisting of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy (ACNU or adriamycin) in some of the cases. The mean survival time following diagnosis for Group A was 23.7 months. Six of the 10 Group B patients died an average of 25.8 months after diagnosis; however, the other four were still alive and well an average of 25.3 months after diagnosis. The tumors responded well to chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin either alone or combined with bleomycin and vinblastine. The initial response rate to treatment in Group B was 100% and five cases had a complete remission, verified by computerized tomography or the serum AFP level. Once the tumor recurred, the response to cisplatin was markedly decreased. It is suggested that an effective therapy must still be sought for recurrent tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[The effect of hyperthermia and antitumor drugs on brain tumor cell lines].

The effects of heat and antitumor drugs on malignant brain tumor cell lines were studied. A human glioblastoma cell line (SKMG1) and rat malignant brain tumor cell lines (T9, EB 679 and TR 481) were used in this experiment. Five different modalities of treatment with heat and drugs were used as follows: (Group 1) exposure to heat alone at 42 degrees C for one hour; (Group 2) exposure to antitumor drug alone for one hour (ACNU 2.5 or 5 micrograms/ml, ACR 0.02 micrograms/ml and CDDP 1 microgram/ml); (Group 3) simultaneous exposure to heat at 42 degrees C and drug for one hour; (Group 4) heat at 42 degrees C given first for one hour, followed by one hour exposure to drug one hour later ("preheating"); (Group 5) drug given first for one hour, followed by one hour exposure to heat at 42 degrees C one hour later ("postheating"). After each treatment, the inhibition rate at 4 days was evaluated and compared for each group. A synergistic effect was observed in Group 3. For example, when T9 cells were exposed to ACNU and to heat at 42 degrees C at the same time for one hour, inhibition rate was 78%, while the rates for Group 1 and Group 2 were 7% and 21%, respectively. The cytotoxicity of simultaneous treatment with antitumor drugs (ACNU, ACR and CDDP) and hyperthermia at 42 degrees C was apparently superior to that of other treatment modalities.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1985

[Pineal choriocarcinoma presenting massive ventricular hemorrhage--a case report].

A case of primary choriocarcinoma in the pineal region is reported. A six-year-old boy showing precocious puberty, suddenly developed coma by massive ventricular hemorrhage. He recovered gradually up to akinetic mutism, but whose clinical, hormonal and neuroradiological studies failed to demonstrate any pathological lesions. Four years later a small tumor was detected by CT in the pineal region. At the same time increased serum-HCG level was shown. Subtotal removal of the tumor was carried out by Stein's supracerebellar infratentorial approach. The pathology of the tumor showed the characteristics of choriocarcinoma, consisting of major necrotic area and of tumor cells, syncytiotrophoblast and cellular trophoblast. The former revealed strong activity of HCG by immunoperoxidase study. Postoperative chemotherapy with actinomycin-D and methotrexate was given for a month. In the course of these treatments, serum-HCG recovered within normal range. This patient shows no signs and symptoms of the recurrence 6 months after operation. Early diagnosis with aids of neuroradiology as well as hormonal studies and the early initiation of the treatment may prevent major complications like massive tumoral bleeding, also might achieve the favorable outcome of this tumor.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Immunity to transplantable nitrosourea-induced neurogenic tumors. III. Systemic adoptive transfer of immunity.

The effect of intravenously injected tumor immune spleen cells on growth of 3 X 10(5) gliosarcoma T9 cells injected intradermally (ID) or intracerebrally (IC) into sublethally irradiated CDF rats was evaluated. Spleen cells from donor rats with sufficient immunity to reject 5 X 10(5) T9 cells inhibited the growth of T9 cells mixed with spleen cells in a ratio of 1:25 and injected ID, but could not act after intravenous transfer. However, donor rats which had rejected increasing T9 challenge doses up to 1 X 10(7) cells produced immune spleen cells which, upon IV transfer, could inhibit growth of ID T9 challenge but not of EB-679, an unrelated glioma, in recipient rats. Rejection of IC T9 challenge was also obtained after IV transfer, in recipients of such "hyperimmune" spleen cells, but was less (60% maximum) than that noted after ID T9 challenge (100% maximum). The removal of B cells from the transferred spleen cells did not affect the results, suggesting that the specific immunity was mediated by T cells. We conclude that the special immunological circumstances of tumors growing in the brain renders them less accessible to rejection by systemically transferred immune cells, but it is nevertheless possible to effect a significant incidence of rejection of syngeneic tumor growth in the brain by the intravenous transfer of hyperimmune spleen cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Immunity to transplantable nitrosourea-induced neurogenic tumors. II. Immunoprophylaxis of tumors of the brain.

An effective method was sought to immunize rats against the growth of intracerebrally (IC) injected T9 tumor, a gliosarcoma cell line. Rats which were immunized with either 10(6) T9 cells mixed with 0.14 mg C. parvum, or 10(7) irradiated T9 cells showed tumor immunity to intradermal (ID) transplantation. However, to obtain tumor immunity to an IC challenge of T9 cells, rats initially had to reject an ID challenge of T9 cells. After sequential rejections of ID challenges of as many as 10(7) cells, a high degree of immunity was obtained, allowing rejection of up to 5 X 10(6) T9 cells injected IC. Spleen cells from highly immunized rats mixed with T9 cells at a ratio of 1:25 (tumor:spleen) destroyed T9 tumor cells in a Winn test. Normal spleen cells had no effect on tumor growth. We conclude that: 1) T9 cells are moderately immunogenic, 2) an effective method of immunization of CDF rats against ID transplanted T9 cells is 10(6) T9 cells with 0.14 mg C. parvum or 10(7) irradiated T9 cells, 3) a higher degree of tumor immunity is necessary to reach the brain than is needed to reach the periphery, and 4) spleen cells of highly immunized rats are cytotoxic to T9 tumor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Brain metastasis of choriocarcinoma.

Twenty-four patients with histologically verified brain metastasis of choriocarcinoma were analyzed regarding autopsy and operative findings, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, method of treatment, and prognosis. The autopsy incidence of brain metastasis was 66.7% in patients with choriocarcinoma, and the predominance of single brain lesions was confirmed. Most of the metastatic lesions were hemorrhagic. The hemorrhages were intratumoral, peritumoral, and/or subarachnoid. These findings were well correlated with the findings on computed tomographic (CT) scans and the acute onset with rapid progression of symptoms. The history of molar pregnancy, measurements of urinary chorionic gonadotropin, and findings on CT scans were diagnostic. Surgical removal of the lesion followed by chemotherapy combined with irradiation is the treatment of choice in patients with progressive neurological deterioration in whom chemotherapy alone is ineffective.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Unilateral germinomas involving the basal ganglia and thalamus.

Clinical characteristics of six cases of germinoma involving a unilateral basal ganglion and thalamus are summarized. The incidence was estimated as 10% of all intracranial germinomas. The average age at the onset was 10.5 years. The sex incidence showed a male dominance. The clinical course was slowly progressive, and the average duration between onset and diagnosis was 2 years 5 months. Common symptoms and signs were hemiparesis in all cases, fever of unknown origin and eye symptoms in most, mental deterioration and psychiatric signs in three, and convulsions, pubertas praecox, and diabetes insipidus in two. Signs of increased intracranial pressure were found in only two cases in the later state of the disease. Early diagnosis is difficult because of nonspecific symptomatology and slow progression. Carotid angiography and pneumoencephalography showed abnormal findings compatible with basal ganglia and thalamic tumors, but not specific to germinoma. Ipsilateral cortical atrophy and ventricular dilatation might be significant findings. Radioisotope scanning was useful. Computerized tomography scans were the best method of detecting the location and nature of this tumor, and repeat scans showed response to radiation therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Surgical treatment for cerebral metastasis of choriocarcinoma (author's transl)].

1. The findings of 30 cases of cerebral metastasis of choriocarcinoma on autopsy were analysed in relation to their localization, depth, and number, and it was proven that the cerebral metastasis was neurosurgically resectable in most cases. 2. Thirty-five cases of choriocarcinoma with cerebral metastasis were treated at Nagoya University Hospital. Twenty-four out of 26 cases treated by chemotherapy alone died within 2 months after the manifestation of cerebral metastasis. Whereas 6 out of 9 patients treated by chemotherapy and surgery survived for over 2 months. Four cases among them survived over 6 months. The lifesaving effects of surgery were marked in this group. 3. Surgery was thought to be especially effective on those patients satisfying the following 3 conditions: I) Degree of brain damage is not severe. II) The lesion is localized at removable site, and the post-operative sequela is anticipated to be insignificant. III) The chemotherapy was not proven to be ineffective. 4. Cerebral metastasis of choriocarcinoma should be treated as follows. If symptoms of increased intracranial pressure are present, removal of tumor or, at least, decompression should be immediately performed. Multi-drug chemotherapy and whole-brain irradiation should be started within several days after surgery. If symptoms are not present, chemotherapy combined with irradiation is the first treatment of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Oral rehabilitation by prosthetic restoration after maxillectomy for malignant tumors.

In maxillectomy patients, speech intelligibility between before and after insertion of prostheses has been reviewed by many investigators. Speech intelligibility was not related to the size of the defect, but rather to the defect region. Speech intelligibility was considerably improved by the use of prostheses. A great difference could not be found in escape rate from the nasal cavity between before and after insertion of prostheses, but there was a remarkable change in the spirometer. Postmaxillectomy functions are also easily restored by prosthetic oral rehabilitation, necessary to aid surgical procedure.

Adult↗