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Biomedical subjects

Y Kimula

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kimula.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Alteration in surface structure of Clara cells and pulmonary cytochrome P-450b level in rats exposed to ozone.

Changes in the surface structure of Clara cells in the terminal bronchioles following exposure of rats to 0.4 ppm ozone (O3) for 14 days were evaluated and compared to the content of pulmonary cytochrome P-450, an enzyme active in xenobiotic metabolism. Exposure to O3 caused a striking alteration of Clara cells in the terminal bronchiole. After 6 h exposure apical protrusions of Clara cells enlarged and these Clara cells formed clusters. However after 24 h exposure, the Clara cells decreased in number and flattened. They increased in number and enlarged again during the subsequent period of exposure. By the 14th day of O3 exposure the number of Clara cells had increased significantly. The content of cytochrome P-450b (IIB1), a main isozyme of pulmonary cytochromes P-450 of rats, was determined by an immuno-blotting method using anti-cytochrome P-450b antibody. The cytochrome P-450b in the rats exposed to O3 increased significantly to 1.37- and 1.81-times that of the control on the 7th and 14th days, respectively. Immuno-electron microscopy demonstrated that cytochrome P-450b was localized abundantly in endoplasmic reticulum of Clara cells. Morphological alterations in Clara cells appear to be closely related with changes in the cytochrome P-450b content of the lung.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Case report of desquamative interstitial pneumonia: documentation of preserved pulmonary function after twelve clinical relapses.

We describe a case of desquamative interstitial pneumonia diagnosed in a 25-year-old woman who relapsed 12 times during a 20-year follow-up period. In each relapse, the involved sites were different and the patient ultimately recovered without resultant pulmonary ventilatory defects. Bronchoalveolar lavage performed during the 12th relapse revealed a remarkable increase in the number of total cells and showed a low CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the lymphocyte subset.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

A case of cyclophosphamide-induced interstitial pneumonitis diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage.

A successfully treated case of cyclophosphamide pneumonitis, which developed during treatment for a leukemic phase of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, is documented. Subtyping of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid easily excluded a possible diagnosis of pulmonary involvement of lymphoma. Bronchoalveolar lavage is a useful approach to determine the correct etiology of pneumonitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Electron-microscopic evidence for cytochrome P-450 in Clara cells and type I pneumocytes of the rat lung.

Using immunoelectron microscopy, we examined the distribution of cytochrome P-450 in rat lungs and determined the cell types in which P-450 was localized. To demonstrate P-450, a rabbit polyclonal antibody against P-450b (P-450 IIB1), the major constitutive isozyme of rat pulmonary P-450, was used. Strong reactivity for anti-P-450b antibody was observed in nonciliated bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells (Clara cells) and type I pneumocytes. Type II pneumocytes and Kultschitzky cells showed no reactivity. Most ciliated cells were negative, although a small number in peripheral bronchioles showed a weakly positive reaction. Endothelial cells and other mesenchymal cells were P-450b negative. Many studies have suggested that the Clara cell was metabolically very active and had P-450 containing mixed function oxidase systems. Our study shows that both Clara cells and type I pneumocytes have P-450 and may play an important role in the metabolism of xenobiotics. The metabolic significance of type I pneumocytes was not recognized, but it is reasonable to postulate that type I pneumocytes may have a xenobiotic metabolic function because they comprise most of the surface area of the lungs and are thus extensively exposed to the environment.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by hexamethylene diisocyanate.

A case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) induced by hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) is described. Serial determinations of the lymphocyte surface phenotypes by two-color assay revealed the following: 1) increased activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and 2) increased percentage and absolute number of non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted natural killer (NK) cells in the peripheral blood (PB) during the recovery phase of the disease. These findings were considered to be related to the activity of the disease.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1992

[A case of endobronchial minute leiomyoma and literature review of the 66 cases of endotracheal and endobronchial leiomyoma reported in Japan].

A case of endobronchial minute leiomyoma successfully treated by bronchoscopically directed forceps biopsy is described. A 42-year-old male with a 20 pack-year smoking history was admitted for dry cough occurring at night. Chest X-ray showed no abnormal shadows. The tumor, measuring 2 by 2 mm, was located in the right B7. The clinical characteristics of the 66 cases of endotracheal and endobronchial leiomyoma reported in Japan are also discussed. The male to female ratio of this disease was 2:3. Middle-aged people were most, commonly affected. Usually, obstructive pneumonia or atelectasis, which develops distal to the lesion, causes respiratory symptoms and chest X-ray abnormality. However, 10% of cases were asymptomatic and 30% had a negative chest X-ray. There were 7 cases of endobronchial minute leiomyoma, measuring less than 10 mm in diameter. Of these, three cases had only hemoptysis and had no chest X-ray abnormality. In such cases fiberoptic bronchoscopy is may be the only useful procedure for the diagnosis of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Pulmonary clear cell carcinoma.

A case of pulmonary clear cell carcinoma is demonstrated. A large left lower lobe mass, without lymphadenopathy was detected on a screening chest X-ray, and a left lower lobectomy was performed. The tumor was composed predominantly of clear cells with some areas showing cells typical for small cell carcinoma. Ultrastructurally, the larger clear cell had cytoplasm containing many rough endoplasmic reticuli and free ribosomes, while the smaller dark cell showed a serrated nucleus and scanty cytoplasm having many free ribosomes without neurosecretory granules. This is the first report on pulmonary clear cell carcinoma with small cell carcinoma patterns, and this case will throw doubt on the conclusion of previous studies that clear cell carcinoma is not a separate entity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Sequential changes in lung injury induced by preformed immune complexes.

Immune complexes formed in the airside may be involved in the early parenchymal changes in hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The present study was undertaken to compare the responses of animals after an intratracheal injection with preformed immune complexes to those of patients with acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis, with special emphasis on sequential bronchoalveolar lavage findings and the possible role of chemotactic factors in the immune complex-induced lung injury. An increased number and percentage of polymorphonuclear cells could be detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of guinea pigs within 48 hr following an intratracheal injection of preformed immune complexes. Chemotactic factor activity preceded the observed increase of polymorphonuclear cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids, suggesting a role for chemotactic factors in the sequestration of these cells in the lung. In addition, this study confirmed the usefulness of bronchoalveolar lavage in evaluating the pulmonary findings because the changes in bronchoalveolar lavage cell populations correlated with sequential histological findings. The sequential characteristics of the involved areas were noted to be of a peribronchial or bronchiolar infiltration with polymorphonuclear cells at early stages, then alveolar sac infiltration, followed by mild infiltration of mononuclear cells into the alveolar walls. The findings suggest a possible role for chemotactic factors in the accumulation of polymorphonuclear cells, and the sequential changes of bronchoalveolar lavage and histological findings in animals are comparable to those in patients with acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1991

A case of 'bronchial string'--a rare anomaly of the bronchus.

An incidental string-like structure spanning the lumen of the intermediate bronchus was found during bronchoscopy in an 18-year-old woman. We consider that the lesion may be a rare fibrous anomaly of the bronchus and may be closely related to a bronchial web. We have named this unusual structure 'bronchial string'.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Minute squamous cell carcinoma arising in the wall of a congenital lung cyst.

A case of minute squamous cell carcinoma arising in a congenital lung cyst is reported. Two aspects of this case were notable. First, we were able to make the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma by bronchial lavage at an early stage. Second, to our knowledge, this is the first case of probable de novo origin of squamous cell carcinoma in a congenital lung cyst.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗
PubMed1990

Sjögren's syndrome with bronchial gland involvement and multiple bullae.

A 52-year-old woman with Sjögren's syndrome presented with a dense lymphocytic infiltrate around the bronchial gland disclosed by a transbronchial lung biopsy specimen. Two and a half years after the initial evaluation, her pulmonary status had deteriorated and multiple bullae had developed at both lung bases.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

[CA 19-9 in patients with benign pulmonary diseases].

Although serum CA 19-9 is considered to be a useful and specific tumor marker for pancreatic cancer, some patients with benign pulmonary diseases show elevated serum CA 19-9 levels. We measured serum CA 19-9 levels of 156 patients with benign pulmonary diseases (55 with asbestosis, 11 with bronchial asthma, 32 with bronchiectasis, 16 with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), 13 with healed pulmonary tuberculosis (HPT) and 29 other benign diseases). The percentage of patients with positive serum CA 19-9 was 42.3% (14.5% in asbestosis, 27.3% in bronchial asthma, 59.4% in bronchiectasis, 81.3% in IPF, 61.5% in HPT and 51.7% in others). In some patients, serum CA 19-9 levels were as high as those found in malignant gastrointestinal diseases. Serum CA 19-9 levels correlated well with disease activity. Immunohistochemically, CA 19-9 was expressed in mucous cells of the bronchial gland and surface of the bronchiolar surface epithelium cells in benign pulmonary disease. Gel filtration study suggested some difference in molecular weight between the serum CA 19-9 antigen of lung cancer and that of benign pulmonary diseases. It is suggested that serum CA 19-9 increases in the case of hyperplasia of the bronchiolar epithelium cells or the mucous cells of the bronchial gland. We conclude that benign pulmonary disease is one of the factors that affect serum CA 19-9 levels.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Hodgkin's disease associated with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome].

A thirty-eight-year-old man developed gradually progressing right retro-orbital pain, diplopia on the left lateral gaze, and left ptosis. On examination paresthesia was present on the first division of right trigeminal nerve. Orbital venography revealed obstruction of right superior orbital vein on the entering portion to the cavernous sinus. A daily administration of 30 mg of prednisolone resulted in a rapid improvement of the symptoms. Diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome was made on the basis of neurological symptoms, roentgenographic findings and responsiveness to prednisolone. One year later, weakness of right leg accompanied with left cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy was developed. A biopsy specimen of cervical lymph node was identical with the Hodgkin's disease, lymphocyte predominance type. He was treated with COPP regimen; lymphadenopathy decreased in size. We reported a rare case of Hodgkin's disease preceded by Tolosa-hunt syndrome which might be caused by the extranodal lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Pulmonary infarction associated with bronchogenic carcinoma].

Pulmonary infarction may be associated with bronchogenic carcinoma. Radiopathological correlation was performed in four patients. There were two cases of squamous cell carcinoma, one case of adenocarcinoma and one case of large cell carcinoma. Infarcts in patients with squamous cell carcinoma were obscured on plain radiographs by a large primary tumor or atelectasis of the affected lobe. Infarcts in adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma were clearly demonstrated on plain radiographs; 1 to 2 cm in size, round or polygonal in shape, blurred in margin, and located at the periphery of the same lobe as the primary tumor. Rapid appearance of infarcts was helpful in distinguishing from intrapulmonary metastasis. Invasion of the pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein and bronchial wall in hilar region was thought to be responsible for pulmonary infarction. Pulmonary infarct should be considered in patients with centrally invasive bronchogenic carcinoma, when a small ill-defined opacity appears at the periphery of the involved lobe over a short period.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Serial changes in lung injury produced by preformed immune complexes].

A previous study demonstrated increased levels of C5a des Arg and increased numbers of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids of acutely ill patients with summer type hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), suggesting the role of immune complexes (IC) in the early stage of HP. The present study was undertaken to compare the BAL findings in patients with acute HP and in animals which were injected intratracheally with preformed IC and to determine the correlation between the sequential BAL findings and the serial histology in animals. The results indicated that total cells recovered by BAL increased up to 24 hours. However, the most striking observation was that the increased number and percentage of PMNs in BAL cells shortly after the intratracheal injection, which the number of macrophages in BAL cells tended to be high, the increase was not statistically significant. Histological examinations revealed peribronchial and intraalveolar infiltration with PMNs at the early stage when intraalveolar infiltration were predominant, and the latest lesions consisted of infiltration with mononuclear cells in the alveolar walls. Furthermore, the cellular findings of BAL cells reflected the histological findings in involved lungs. The present study demonstrated that the sequential BAL changes of acutely ill patients with HP were similar to those of IC-injected animals, suggesting the possibility that IC formed in the airways is involved in the early stage of HP.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1988

Acute and repair stage characteristics of magnetic resonance relaxation times in oxygen-induced pulmonary edema.

Proton magnetic relaxation times, T1 and T2, were determined for rat lungs exposed to 80% oxygen for a duration of 2 weeks. The transverse magnetization decay curve of the lung tissue was multiexponential. A linear combination of two decay curves with different T2 values fits the multiexponential decay suggesting that there are at least two different components of tissue water in the lung. Remarkable prolongation of T1 and T2 was demonstrated as lung injuries progressed in the acute stage of pulmonary edema. Both 1/T1 and 1/T2 were significantly correlated with 1/water content of the lung tissue. In the repair stage, T1 and T2 were significantly shortened. Shortening coincided with the spontaneous resolution of pulmonary edema. Relaxation rates showed no significant correlation with 1/water content in this stage. These results indicate that the physical state of water in the tissue is affected not only by the water content but also by the derangement of macromolecules in pulmonary edema. T2 was more sensitive than T1 for detecting pulmonary damage.

Animals↗