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Biomedical subjects

Y Kitano

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kitano.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Glomerular anionic sites in minimal change nephrotic syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

In order to examine the changes in charge of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) in nephrotic syndrome, anionic sites in the GBM were studied quantitatively. Renal biopsy specimens were obtained from 5 children with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) and 5 with nephrotic syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Biopsy specimens obtained from 5 patients without proteinuria were also examined as controls. Anionic sites were stained with polyethyleneimine (PEI) as a cationic probe and were examined by electron microscopy. The number of PEI-labeled anionic sites in the lamina rara externa of the GBM was counted in the glomerular capillary region and in the paramesangial region separately. The number of anionic sites per 1000-nm GBM was 20.9 +/- 0.6 in the capillary and 21.2 +/- 0.7 in the paramesangium in controls. They were significantly decreased in MCNS (16.5 +/- 0.7 in the capillary and 16.9 +/- 0.5 in the paramesangium, p < 0.001) and in FSGS (16.7 +/- 0.7 in the capillary and 17.0 +/- 0.6 in the paramesangium, p < 0.001). The decrease of anionic sites suggests a defect in the charge-selective barrier in the lamina rara externa of the GBM in MCNS and FSGS, and this defect both in the capillary and in the paramesangium may be responsible for the proteinuria in these two conditions.

Anions↗
PubMed1992

Effective reduction of plasma LDL levels by LDL apheresis in familial defective apolipoprotein B-100.

The clinical response to long-term reduction of the plasma LDL cholesterol concentration was studied in a man with severe coronary artery disease associated with familial defective apolipoprotein B-100 (FDB). Plasma exchange repeated at 2-week intervals, combined with lipid-lowering drugs, led to remission of angina and improved exercise test performance. A similar clinical response was achieved after LDL apheresis with dextran sulphate columns repeated once every 2 weeks in combination with drug treatment. The reduction in plasma LDL cholesterol level brought about by LDL apheresis was at least as marked in the FDB patient as in 5 patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia. We conclude that FDB patients with coronary artery disease may derive clinical benefit from prolonged reduction of their plasma cholesterol levels and that LDL containing apo B-100 in which arginine at position 3500 is replaced by glutamine is removed from plasma by dextran sulphate columns as efficiently as is normal LDL.

Apolipoprotein B-100↗
PubMed1992

Advantages and pitfalls of amnion inversion repair for the treatment of large unruptured omphalocele: results of 22 cases.

This is a report of our experience with 22 cases of large unruptured omphaloceles treated by amnion inversion during the period 1973 through 1990. The method is characterized by three stages: (1) a silastic sheet is sutured directly to the skin around the amniotic membrane, under local anaesthesia, without dissection between the skin and the amnion; (2) the reduction of herniated viscera into the abdominal cavity is achieved by squeezing the sheeting using a specially modified stapler; and (3) the amniotic membrane is preserved intact, and inverted into the abdominal cavity at the time of abdominal wall closure. Of the 22 infants, 19 survived with satisfactory results. Two patients died of multiple associated anomalies, and the remaining patient died of sepsis arising at the time of the final abdominal closure. This procedure has proved to be effective and safe for high-risk patients with congenital heart diseases, anal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula, or bronchial stenosis and prematurity. The practical aspects of the procedure, as well as its advantages and pitfalls, are illustrated.

Amnion↗
PubMed1992

Effects of several growth factors on cultured neurofibroma cells.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common autosomal dominant disorder characterized by abnormalities affecting multiple tissues derived from the neural crest. The peripheral neurofibromas are numerous and sometimes reach several hundred in number. In this study, the possible involvement of several growth factors in neurofibroma growth was investigated in vitro. When explants of neurofibroma tissue were cultured, macrophage-like cells with pseudopodia migrated out first, and later took on a slender fusiform shape. These cells contained S-100 protein and were identified as Schwann cells. They did not proliferate under standard culture conditions. Nerve growth factor (NGF) was helpful in maintaining the differentiated phenotype of Schwann cells, but did not stimulate their proliferation. Immunohistochemical staining for type IV collagen revealed that some large flattened polygonal cells had a mesh of type IV collagen on the surface. These cells were perineurial cells. The proliferation of cells derived from neurofibroma was stimulated by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha). In comparison with skin fibroblasts, the cells derived from neurofibroma responded to these growth factors at considerably lower concentrations. Stimulation by EGF at physiological concentrations indicated the possible involvement of EGF in the development of neurofibromas.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1992

Congenital alveolar adhesions.

We report an infant girl with congenital alveolar adhesions and a cleft palate. The mucosal bands were resected the day after birth. Stretching exercises of the mandible improved the range of movement at the temporomandibular joint. Two weeks of therapy were required before full mouth opening was possible. Previously reported patients and theories of embryogenesis are reviewed.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1992

In vitro keratin expression of hair cells.

Human hair follicles were isolated from the scalp by dispase and collagenase treatment and dispersed into a cell suspension by trypsin. These cells proliferated well and could be subcultured 7 to 8 times. The medium used was MCDB 153 HAA medium further supplemented with some amino acids, hydrocortisone, insulin, EGF, and bovine brain extract. The concentration of Ca++ was adjusted to 0.1 mM. Immunohistochemically, these cells were proved to possess keratins specific to hair forming cells.

Culture Techniques↗
PubMed1992

Aberrant cytokine production from tenosynovium in dialysis associated amyloidosis.

Culture supernatants of tenosynovial tissues from patients with carpal tunnel syndrome undergoing chronic haemodialysis contained interleukin (IL) 1-like and IL6-like activity. These culture supernatants also induced active proliferation of rheumatoid synovial cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of teno-synovial tissues showed the accumulation of mononuclear cells bearing CD14 and HLA-DR antigens adjacent to the deposition of amyloid protein (beta 2 microglobulin). These cells also reacted with antibodies to IL1 and IL6 respectively. These data suggest that multiple cytokines, including IL1 and IL6, produced from tenosynovial tissues in patients with dialysis associated amyloidosis might induce the proliferation of synovial cells that, together with deposition of amyloid protein, might cause carpal tunnel syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Synthesis, structure and antitumor activity of a water-soluble platinum complex, (1R,3R,4R,5R)-(-)-quinato(1R,2R-cyclohexanediamine)platinum (II).

The reaction of dihydroxo(1R,2R-cyclohexanediamine)platinum(II) with (-)-quinic acid gave a water soluble complex, (-)-quinato(1R,2R-cyclohexanediamine)platinum(II). The crystal structure of the complex was determined by X-ray analysis. The data indicate a chelation of the alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acid part of quinic acid to platinum(II). The complex shows moderate antitumor activity against murine leukemia L1210 at high doses (T/C x 100 = 179% at a dose of 200 mg/kg).

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Allergic granulomatosis and angiitis of Churg-Strauss. A case of high serum level of eosinophil cationic protein.

We report a case of allergic granulomatosis and angiitis of Churg-Strauss. The patient is a 40-year-old woman who satisfied the clinico-pathological triad of asthma, tissue and blood eosinophilia, and granulomatous vasculitis. We also measured serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels in this patient. In the active stage, the serum ECP level was higher than in healthy controls, declining in the remission stage, a finding suggesting that ECP is involved in the pathogenesis and course of Churg-Strauss disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Hemodynamic management of LOS using prolonged VA bypass circulatory assist].

The authors managed five LOS patients using prolonged V-A bypass circulatory assist. Maximum CVP values were under 12 mmHg in three survivors, and 17 mmHg and 20 mmHg in two nonsurvivors. Maximum PCWP values were under 14 mmHg in survivors, and 19 mmHg and 20 mmHg in nonsurvivors. Dopamine was administrated in all cases and norepinephrine was administrated at a rate of less than 0.3 microgram.kg-1.min-1 in survivors, and in two nonsurvivors, norepinephrine was used at a rate of 0.36 and 1.2 micrograms.kg-1.min-1. Before and after disconnection of V-A bypass, the bypass flow of the three survivors were under 1.0 l.min-1 just before disconnection, and immediately after it, the preload did not increase, and the dose of administrated catecholamine increased. V-A bypass time intervals of the three survivors were 71, 42 and 87 hours, and those of the two nonsurvivors were 71 and 43 hours. Maximum bypass flow rate was above 40ml.kg-1.min-1 in four of five patients. The authors discussed the management of the patients' heart and of the V-A bypass machine during the prolonged V-A bypass circulatory assist.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Two cases of renal oncocytoma].

Two cases of renal oncocytoma are reviewed. A 67-year-old man and a 21-year-old man with a right renal mass were incidentally revealed by echography. Selective renal angiogram showed no spoke-wheel configuration of vessels in either case. Both cases were pathologically diagnosed as oncocytomas, constructed of large eosinophilic cells with granular cytoplasm and small regular nuclei. The electron micrograph showed cytoplasm packed abundantly with mitochondria. The two patients are in good condition 2.5 and 1.5 years after diagnosis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

[Differentiation therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia: two successful cases of remission induction by all-trans retinoic acid].

We described two pediatric patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) who were successfully induced into complete remission with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA, 45 mg/m2 per day) after failing on conventional chemotherapy. Initial response was observed as correction of DIC within a week of treatment. Hematologically, initial increase of maturing leukocytes reached a peak peripheral WBC count on the 16th and 20th day, respectively. However, these seemingly differentiated leukocytes retained Auer body and dysplastic features and there was no concomitant recovery of erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages at this point. A sudden drop of leukocyte counts after this peak made a brief period of leukopenia before the complete remission was finally attained morphologically in 4-5 weeks. Thus, remission of APL by ATRA therapy consisted of a two-phase course. In one patient, we observed an increase of histiocytes phagocytizing leukocytes in the marrow during the recovery from leukopenia. It is, therefore, postulated that the two-phase course of recovery may reflect the differentiation of leukemic cells by ATRA and subsequent clearance of senescent cells by the reticuloendothelial system followed by regeneration and differentiation of residual normal hematopoietic stem cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The relationship between juxtapapillary duodenal diverticula and the presence of bacteria in the bile.

A total of 432 patients with gallstone disease were studied with respect to the existence of juxtapapillary duodenal diverticula and their relationship to the presence of bacteria in the bile. A total of 63 patients were found to have diverticula with an incidence of 14.6 per cent, being significantly higher in the elderly group aged 60 years or older (p less than 0.01), and no sex difference was noted. Among the patients with diverticula, positive bacterial cultures of bile were recognized at a significantly higher frequency, being found in 49 of the 63 patients (77.8 per cent; p less than 0.01), and the probability of bilirubinate stones was also higher, being found in 35 of 37 patients (94.6 per cent; p less than 0.01). The presence of a diverticulum bore significant relation to a higher positive bile bacterial culture (p less than 0.05), dilation of the common bile duct (p less than 0.05), and elevation of the bile duct pressure (p less than 0.05), even when the conditions were divided into cholecystolithiasis or choledocholithiasis. It was suggested that the presence of a diverticulum affected the flow in the bile duct by narrowing it from the outside and chronically stimulating the papilla, inducing biliary tract infection and/or the formation of gallstones. As the surgical procedures for juxtapapillary duodenal diverticula, including its indications, have not been established, long term follow up investigations seem necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Binder's syndrome: peculiarities in Japanese patients.

We have seen 4 Japanese patients with Binder's syndrome or maxillonasal dysostosis. The diagnosis of Binder's syndrome was very difficult, based on facial appearances alone. Although the flattened nasal tip was quite unusual in Japanese individuals, the midface retrusion and flattened nasal bridge would be considered within normal limits. Consequently, the diagnosis of Binder's syndrome is only rarely made in Japanese persons. The peculiarities of this syndrome in Japanese patients are discussed and our surgical methods are shown.

Adolescent↗