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Biomedical subjects

Y Kobori

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kobori.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Serrated adenoma in familial adenomatous polyposis: relation to germline APC gene mutation.

BACKGROUND: Serrated adenoma is a precursor of colorectal cancer. AIM: To clarify possible genotype-phenotype correlations of serrated adenomas in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). PATIENTS: Eleven patients from eight families with FAP. METHODS: We performed total colonoscopy with multiple biopsies in patients. Neoplasia with a serrated glandular structure was regarded as a serrated adenoma. In each patient, germline mutations of the APC gene were determined. Colonic phenotype was compared with germline mutations of the APC gene. RESULTS: Serrated adenomas were found in three patients. These patients had macroscopic polyps <100 in number. Pedigrees with serrated adenomas had the truncating germline APC mutation at codon 161, 332, or 1556 while in the other pedigrees mutations were found between codons 554 and 1324. CONCLUSIONS: In FAP, serrated adenoma may be a phenotype characteristic of the attenuated form.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2002

Impact of Helicobacter pylori infection and mucosal atrophy on gastric lesions in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The role of Helicobacter pylori and atrophic gastritis in the pathogenesis of gastric lesions in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) has not been clarified. PATIENTS: Thirty one patients with FAP. METHODS: The presence of fundic gland polyposis (FGP) and gastric adenoma (GA) was determined by upper endoscopy with biopsies. The degree of gastric mucosal atrophy and H pylori status were determined by serological and histological findings. Germline mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction based single strand conformation polymorphism and direct sequencing. RESULTS: Gastric lesions were detected in 23 patients (74%). FGP and GA were found in 52% and 39%, respectively. APC gene mutation was identified in 22 of 30 patients. Patients with FGP were less frequently infected with H pylori than those without FGP (13% v 67%). The former patients had a lower degree of atrophy than the latter. Patients with GA tended to be more frequently infected with H pylori and they had higher degrees of atrophy than those without GA. When subjects were subdivided by gastric lesions (FGP alone, FGP+GA, GA alone, and negative groups), the GA alone group had the lowest pepsinogen I/II ratio and the highest seropositivity for H pylori. GA was found more frequently in patients positive for the APC mutation whereas no such a trend was observed in FGP. CONCLUSIONS: In FAP, H pylori associated atrophic gastritis contributes negatively to FGP. It seems to contribute positively to GA, especially in patients with truncating APC gene mutation.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2001

Spontaneous chirality conversion of [5]thiaheterohelicene in charge-transfer complexes in SDS micelles.

Racemic 2-hydroxymethylthieno[3,2-e:4,5-e']di[1]benzothiophene (5HM) with a labile helical structure was incorporated into aqueous SDS micelles containing (R)-2-(2,4,5,7-tetranitrofluoren-9-ylideneaminooxy)propionic acid (TAPA) to exhibit intense induced CD (ICD). Negative Cotton effects of the ICD gradually changed to reversed Cotton effects with time or sonication. This phenomenon of chirality conversion was attributable to conformational alterations of 5HM from an (M) helix to a (P), accompanied by compositional alterations of 5HM-(R)-TAPA charge-transfer (CT) complexes from 1/2 to 1/1. The conversion rate from the (M) enantiomer to the (P) was obtained from the change of the ICD intensities with time and the chiral discrimination energy exerted in the 1:1 CT complex was estimated from the temperature dependence of the ICD intensities.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Fishing-rod-type abdominal wall lifter for gasless laparoscopic surgery.

We have designed a new abdominal wall lifter for gasless laparoscopic surgery which consists of stainless steel rods and iron lifters. They elevate the abdominal wall up like a dome-type camping tent, which does not disturb any manipulation of scope or X-ray camera. We received a good view of the peritoneal cavity without CO2 gas insufflation in ten patients with cholecystitis. This will be helpful for general laparoscopic surgery or laparoscopic assisted surgery with the use of conventional forceps or extracorporeal suturing through a valveless trocar.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1990

Determination of citrulline and homocitrulline by high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column derivatization.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of citrulline and homocitrulline using a post-column colorimetric reaction with o-phthaladehyde and N-(1-naphthyl)-ethylenediamine. Citrulline and homocitrulline were determined with no interferences from protein amino acids. The results show that the level of citrulline in the plasma of patients with uremia on intermittent hemodialysis is higher than that in healthy human plasma, and that homocitrulline is excreted into the urine of healthy adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Role of Lugol dye endoscopy in the diagnosis of early esophageal cancer.

To evaluate the role of Lugol dye endoscopy in diagnosing early esophageal cancer, we reviewed findings of dye endoscopy and those of conventional endoscopy in 17 early esophageal cancers that were demonstrated as unstained areas on dyeing with Lugol solution. Histologically, all 17 lesions were squamous cell carcinomas; 10 lesions being mucosal carcinomas, the remaining 7 lesions mucosal carcinomas spreading beyond the epithelial layer. The lesions ranged from 0.7 to 4.0 cm in size. Abnormal findings were noted under conventional endoscopy in all but 3 lesions diagnosed only by postoperative pathohistology, regardless of the size and depth of the invasion. Under conventional endoscopy, the following types of morphological changes were noted in 8 (57.1%) of the 14 lesions: slight elevation (1 lesion), depression (6 lesions), and deformed arc (1 lesion). A color change was noted endoscopically in 12 of the 14 lesions (85.7%), this change being redness in all 12 lesions. The unstained area on the resected specimen was consistent with the size of the lesion that was determined by using serially sectioned blocks in all cases. Moreover, the former completely (100%) coincided with the histological area where PAS reaction was weak. In conclusion, under conventional endoscopy, a color change such as redness is an important indicator of minute or superficial esophageal cancer, as is such morphological change as depression, elevation or deformed arc. On the other hand, Lugol dye endoscopy is very helpful in detecting esophageal cancer unassociated with any morphological or color change. It also provides accurate information about the extent of the cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Early diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Analysis of 11 cases of esophageal mucosal cancer.

We reviewed 11 patients with esophageal mucosal carcinoma in various aspects to improve the early diagnosis of the disease. Eighteen lesions measuring 0.5 to 5.0 cm were confirmed histologically in the 11 cases. Histologically 10 of the 18 lesions were carcinomas in situ (ep cancer), and the other 8 lesions were carcinomas confined to the mucosa other than ep cancer (mm cancer); all 18 lesions were squamous cell carcinomas. Six (85.7%) of the seven mm cancers showed abnormal radiographic findings regardless of the size. Similarly these findings were noted on four of five (80%) ep carcinomas 2 cm or larger in size. All 15 lesions diagnosed before operation showed abnormal findings on conventional endoscopy regardless of the size and depth of transmural invasion. Morphologic change was observed in 9 lesions (53.3%), while 13 (86.7%) showed color change; most of the lesions (80%) were manifested as redness. Dyeing of the resected specimen with Lugol solution (Katayama Chemical Industries, Osaka, Japan) showed all 18 cancerous lesions as unstained areas. Among the 18 lesions, two lesions were unstained areas, which agreed with the areas determined histologically. An additional lesion was visible with dye endoscopy as an unstained area but it was not visible with radiography or conventional endoscopy. Dye endoscopy using Lugol solution is very important because it allows detection and evaluation of the extent of esophageal mucosal cancer.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Combination therapy of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and endoscopic transpapillary lithotripsy for both cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis.

This report describes five patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis who were treated by combination endoscopic extraction of common bile-duct stones with sphincterotomy (EST) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Following this combination procedure the patients were relieved completely of obstructive jaundice and right upper quadrant pain, leaving only small trocar insertion scars made during the short course of hospitalization. The combination therapy of EST and LC will be recommended for this kind of patient as a minimally invasive procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardioprotective effect of edaravone against ischaemia-reperfusion injury in the rabbit heart before, during and after reperfusion treatment.

The free radical scavenger edaravone is able to stimulate prostacyclin release and inhibit the lipoxygenase pathway in the arachidonic acid cascade. The effect of edaravone administration on myocardial damage in rabbit hearts subjected to ischaemia-reperfusion was examined at different times relative to reperfusion. All rabbits underwent sustained coronary artery occlusion for 30 min followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Rabbits were divided into the following groups: control; early (3 mg/kg edaravone IV 10 min before reperfusion); immediate (3 mg/kg edaravone IV immediately after the start of reperfusion); and late (3, 6 or 10 mg/kg edaravone IV 5 min after the start of reperfusion). Single bolus administration of edaravone 10 min before reperfusion or immediately upon initiation of reperfusion appears to be associated with reductions in infarction size and the percentage of apoptotic cells, but treatment with edaravone 5 min after initiation of reperfusion does not appear to have this protective effect.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Malignant histiocytosis showing ascites and recurrent meningeal infiltration.

Report is made of a case of malignant histiocytosis (MH) in which abdominal effusion and recurrent meningeal symptoms due to tumor cell infiltration appeared. The diagnosis of malignant histiocytosis was made by histologic examination of biopsy materials from the right submandibular mass. The specimens from the ascites and the liquor from a lumbar puncture showed three types of cells: normal-appearing histiocytes, large, atypical histiocytic cells and bi-and multinucleated cells. Phagocytosis was observed in the normal-appearing histiocytes and the large atypical cells; similar findings were observed in the specimens from marrow. The autopsy findings showed a systemic, diffuse, nontumorous proliferation of morphologically atypical histiocytes. Although ascites or meningeal symptoms caused by infiltration of neoplastic histiocytes are extremely rare, the possibility of MH should be considered in diagnosing conditions such as observed in this case.

Adolescent↗