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Biomedical subjects

Y Kuno

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kuno.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Photocontact allergy due to suprofen.

A 79-year-old Japanese woman developed edematous erythema on sun-exposed areas 3 months after applying Sulprotin ointment, which contains 1% suprofen (SP), a phenylacetic acid derivative. A patch test with Sulprotin ointment as it was negative, but a photopatch test with Sulprotein ointment as is was positive. A photopatch test with 10-3% SP was positive, as was that obtained with an SP analogue, 3% ketoprofen, but that with the ointment base of Sulprotin was negative. Photopatch tests with other SP analogues such as flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, and pranoprofen were negative. She developed abnormal erythema with monochromatic irradiation in the range from 320 to 380 nm on the uninvolved abdominal skin where 1% SP had been applied 24 hours (h) before irradiation. The action spectrum for this erythema agreed with the absorption spectrum of SP in the range of UVA. The MED after applying SP was below that after applying w. pet. in the range from 250 to 290 nm and from 300 to 320 nm. Positive intracutaneous test results were obtained with an irradiated mixture of human serum albumin (HSA) and SP at 48 and 72 h after injection and negative ones with a mixture of HSA and irradiated SP.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Actinic cheilitis granulomatosa.

A granulomatous lesion of the lips caused by UVB-photosensitivity is described. A 31-year-old Japanese man developed depigmented, swollen, erythematous lips with some erosions and bloody crusts which were present for 11 months. Histologic examination revealed a dense dermal infiltration composed mainly of lymphoid-histiocytic cells. Suprabasal clefts were associated with the invasion of lymphoid cells around them. Results of patch and photopatch testing were negative. The minimal erythema dose 24 h after irradiation was lower than normal, ranging from 295 to 330 nm. The lesion was reproduced by repeated irradiation with monochromatic light of 310 and 320 nm, but not by exposure to 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, or 330 nm. Topical injection of glucocorticoids and application of sunscreen led to improvement. We propose the name "actinic cheilitis granulomatosa" for this case.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Estimation of relative importance of three enzymes in the inactivation of [Met5]-enkephalin and [Met5]-enkephalin-Arg6 in three isolated preparations by employing the inhibitor specific for each enzyme.

The relative importance of three enzymes, amastatin-sensitive aminopeptidase, captopril-sensitive peptidyl dipeptidase A and phosphoramidon-sensitive endopeptidase-24.11, to inactivate two opioid peptides, [Met5]-enkephalin and [Met5]-enkephalin-Arg6, was investigated in three in vitro isolated preparations, guinea-pig ileum, mouse vas deferens and rat vas deferens, by estimating the magnitude of the enhancement of the inhibitory potency of the opioid peptide by each peptidase inhibitor. Results showed that the relative importance of the three enzymes in the inactivation of the opioid peptide, whether it was [Met5]-enkephalin or [Met5]-enkephalin-Arg6, in guinea-pig ileum was significantly different from that in either mouse vas deferens or rat vas deferens. Additionally, the relative importance of the three enzymes in the preparation, whether it was guinea-pig ileum, mouse vas deferens or rat vas deferens, in the inactivation of [Met5]-enkephalin was significantly different from that of [Met5]-enkephalin-Arg6. The significance of the presence of plural inactivating-enzymes for opioid peptides was discussed.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1986

The relative potency of enkephalins and beta-endorphin in guinea-pig ileum, mouse vas deferens and rat vas deferens after the administration of peptidase inhibitors.

Previous studies have shown that three distinct enzymes, amastatin-sensitive aminopeptidase, captopril-sensitive peptidyl dipeptidase A, and phosphoramidon-sensitive endopeptidase-24.11, played a critical role in the inactivation of enkephalins in isolated preparations. In the present study, therefore, the rank order of the potency of three endogenous opioid peptides, [Met5]-enkephalin, [Leu5]-enkephalin, and beta-endorphin, in three isolated preparations, guinea-pig ileum, mouse vas deferens, and rat vas deferens, was estimated in the presence of the mixture of three peptidase inhibitors, amastatin, captopril, and phosphoramidon. [Met5]-Enkephalin was approximately three-fold more potent than [Leu5]-enkephalin and four-fold more potent than beta-endorphin in guinea-pig ileum in which three opioid peptides were indicated to act on mu-receptors. Additionally, [Met5]-enkephalin was slightly but significantly more potent than [Leu5]-enkephalin and approximately twenty-fold more potent than beta-endorphin at delta-receptor sites in mouse vas deferens. Moreover, [Met5]-enkephalin was approximately three-fold more potent than [Leu5]-enkephalin, but sixty-fold less potent than beta-endorphin in rat vas deferens in which the opioid-receptor type interacting with enkephalins could not be determined. In conclusion, the well-known rank order of the potency of three endogenous opioid peptides was shown to be altered in both guinea-pig ileum and mouse vas deferens but not in rat vas deferens by the pretreatment of the preparations with the mixture of three peptidase inhibitors.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Inactivation of [Leu5]-enkephalin in three isolated preparations: relative importance of aminopeptidase, endopeptidase-24.11 and peptidyl dipeptidase A.

Enkephalin had been shown to be almost exclusively hydrolyzed by three peptidases in the previous studies. In the present investigation, the relative importance of three enzymes in the inactivation of [Leu5]-enkephalin was examined in three isolated preparations. Results showed that amastatin-sensitive aminopeptidase played the greatest role in both guinea-pig ileum and rat vas deferens while it played the similar role to either phosphoramdidon-sensitive endopeptidase-24.11 or captopril-sensitive peptidyl dipeptidase A in mouse vas deferens.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Effects of several antibiotics on the neuromuscular junction: Part II.

The effects of various kinds of antibiotics including tetracycline (TC), chloramphenicol (CP), sodium cephalothin (CET), sodium cefazolin (CEZ), colistin sulfate (CL), colistin sodium methanesulfonate (CL-M), bacitracin (BC), gramicidin HCl (GR), rifampicin sulfate (RFP) and lincomycin (LCM), on the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) were studied by in vitro and in vivo experiments. In in vitro experiments, CL and LCM exhibited a blocking effect on the NMJ in rat phrenic nerve diaphragm preparations, and GR caused a marked increase in muscle contraction. This effect was not affected by administration of eserine or CaCl2. In in vitro experiments with frog sciatica nerve and musculus sartorius preparations, CL and GR induced the appearance of endplate potentials, suggesting blockade of the NMJ. No blocking effect of other antibiotics was observed. In in vitro experiments with the preparations from Rana catesbiana frogs, TC and LCM induced a decrease in the frequency of miniature endplate potentials. In in vivo experiments with rabbit musculus tibialis anterior preparations, CL, TC and LCM exerted a blocking effect soon after administration, but GR and RFP had a late blocking effect. CL, GR, BC and RFP were found not to compete with eserine or CaCl2 in terms of the blocking effect on the NMJ. From the fact that TC did not compete with eserine but did compete with CaCl2 and with KCl as blockers at the NMJ, this blocking effect of TC seems to be due to inhibition of release of acetylcholine (ACh). The fact that LCM competes with eserine indicates that this antibiotic has the same type of action as curare on ACh receptors of the NMJ.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1986

Effects of aminoglycoside antibiotics on the neuromuscular junction: Part I.

The effects of aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGA) including streptomycin (SM), kanamycin (KM), gentamicin (GM), dibekacin (DKB), amikacin (AMK) and sisomycin (SISO), on the neuromuscular junction were studied by in vivo and in vitro experiments. In in vitro experiments, no effect of AGA on rat phrenic nerve diaphragm preparations was observed, but the use of the antibiotics at a high concentration exerted a slight blocking effect on the neuromuscular junction. The blocking effect of SISO and DKB on the neuromuscular junction was marked. These antibiotics were definitely found to compete with eserine in terms of the blocking effect on the neuromuscular junction, but did not compete with calcium chloride. In in vitro experiments with frog sciatic nerve and musculus sartorius preparations, DKB and SISO exerted a blocking effect on the NMJ, inducing the disappearance of action potentials and the appearance of endplate potentials (EPPs). In in vitro experiments with the preparations from Rana catesbiana frogs, SM, GM, DKB and SISO exhibited an inhibiting effect on the release of acetylcholine (ACh), a chemical neurotransmitter in neuromuscular junction, resulting in a decrease in the frequency of miniature endplate potentials (mEPPS). In in vivo experiments with rabbit sciatic tibialis anterior muscle preparations, SM, GM, DKB and SISO exerted a blocking effect on the neuromuscular junction. From the facts that the effect was augmented by the use of magnesium chloride combined with these antibiotics and that the antibiotics competed with calcium chloride and potassium chloride in terms of the blocking effect on the neuromuscular junction, the effects seemed to be due to the inhibition of ACh release.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1985

[Three dimensional reconstruction of the human left ventricle from multiple cross-sectional echocardiograms: comparison with biplane cineventriculography using Simpson's rule].

A system for reconstructing three-dimensional images of the left ventricle from randomly-recorded multiple short-axis two-dimensional images was developed. This system consisted of a real-time phased array sector scanner, a transducer-locating arm system for registering the spatial coordinates of the images, and a digitizer-computer system for digitizing the endocardial edge to display the reconstruction image and to calculate the left ventricular volume. The clinical applicability of this system was assessed by comparing the calculated left ventricular volumes by this system (3DE) with those measured by cineventriculography (LVG) for 10 patients. For end-diastolic volumes (EDV) determined by 3DE and LVG, the linear regression equation was EDV (LVG) = 1.07 EDV (3 DE)-3.4, SEE = 19.0 ml, r = 0.959. For end-systolic volumes (ESV), it was ESV (LVG) = 1.16 ESV (3 DE)-6.0, SEE = 13.1 ml, r = 0.970, and for stroke volumes (SV), it was SV (LVG) = 0.70 SV (3 DE) + 32.3, SEE = 24.5 ml, r = 0.606. This method was considered applicable to clinical non-invasive measurements of left ventricular volumes. Digitized images were easily processed by a computer, and much informations, such as volumes, shapes and wall motion, were assessable.

Cardiac Volume↗
PubMed1984

Computer analysis of cross sectional echocardiogram for quantitative evaluation of left ventricular asynergy in myocardial infarction.

Left ventricular asynergy in myocardial infarction was assessed quantitatively by computer analysis of the cross sectional echocardiogram. Short axis cross sectional images of the left ventricle at the levels of the mitral valve, papillary muscle, and apex were recorded by a phased array sector scanner in 30 patients with healed myocardial infarction and 15 normal controls. Endocardial and epicardial short axis images of the left ventricle were transferred from video tape to a minicomputer through the interface circuits, then digitised and processed automatically by a minicomputer. Automatic edge detection of the endocardial and epicardial wall was performed by applying sequential steps including smoothing, second derivative technique, dynamic thresholding, and approximation of boundaries by a spline curve. To quantify regional wall motion, the short axis cross sectional left ventricular wall of each level was divided into eight octants with eight axes at 45 degrees angles from the initial standard axis which was constructed from the geometric centre of the end diastolic left ventricular cavity to the posterior end of the right side of the interventricular septum. Segmental hemiaxis, segmental area, segmental wall thickness, and those changes during cardiac cycle were measured and calculated in each segment automatically by a computer. Regional contractility of the left ventricle was evaluated by percentage systolic changes of the segmental hemiaxis, area, and wall thickness. These values were significantly reduced in the infarcted left ventricular wall as defined by left ventriculography and electrocardiography. Moreover, percentage hemiaxis changes obtained by quantitative left ventriculography described by Herman and colleagues correlated well with those using our analytical method of cross sectional echocardiography in the corresponding segments. The geometric centre of the left ventricular cavity determined by the computer moved slightly towards the anterior wall during systole in normal subjects, possibly reflecting the anterior swinging motion of the heart. The geometric centre of the left ventricular cavity in myocardial infarction moved towards the infarcted wall, showing that the floating reference system was inferior to the fixed reference system for the quantification of abnormal wall motion in myocardial infarction. In conclusion, a computer analysis of the short axis cross sectional echocardiogram of the left ventricle using the fixed reference system has shown its ability to evaluate left ventricular contraction abnormalities, especially systolic wall thickening, which is relatively free of arbitrary interpretation of the wall motion caused by the anterior swinging motion of the heart.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Computerized processing of two-dimensional echocardiograms for the quantification of left ventricular regional contractility.

A new practical method of computer digital image processing of two-dimensional echocardiograms was developed for the quantification of the left ventricular regional contractility. Short axis, cross-sectional images of the left ventricle at the levels of the mitral valve, papillary muscle and apex were recorded by a phased array sector scanner. The echo data recorded on video tape were transfered to a minicomputer through the interface circuits and digitized and processed automatically. Automatic edge detection of the endocardial and epicardial walls was performed by applying sequential steps, including smoothing, dynamic thresholding, region growing and filling small holes. The rationale for edge detection depended upon the assumptions that the abrupt changes of the gray levels occurred at the boundaries and that the points with the maximum gradient values are boundaries of the left ventricular wall. Best-fit contours of endocardial and epicardial edges were drawn by fitting a spline. The short axis cross-sectional left ventricular wall at each level was divided into eight segments, with the center of gravity of enddiastolic left ventricular cavity and the axis connecting this with the posterior end of the right side of the septum being used as the reference point and line. The segmental hemiaxis, area and wall thickness were measured every 33 msec from end-diastole during the cardiac cycle and the systolic percent changes were calculated automatically by a computer. Regional contractility of the left ventricle was evaluated by systolic percent changes of the segmental hemiaxis, area and wall thickness. The measured values in a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy were lower than those of a normal subject, probably reflecting myocardial damage of the left ventricle. Although there are some points to be improved, including a better system for transferring echo data to the computer and the evaluation of the validity of this fixed reference system, it is likely that computer analysis of the short axis cross-sectional echocardiogram of the left ventricle will be useful in a clinical setting.

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated↗
PubMed1984

[Prevention of postoperative infection following cardiac catheterization in pediatric field. Study of air-borne bacteria in X-ray room and evaluation of an antibiotic used for prevention of postoperative infection].

As part of preventive measures against postoperative infection following cardiac catheterization in infants with cardiac diseases, especially falling bacteria in X-ray room was studied. Moreover, a synthetic penicillin, ticarcillin (TIPC), was used as preventive antibiotic against postoperative infections due to falling bacteria which probably contaminate the air in the X-ray examination room, and the efficacy and side effects of the drug were observed. As result, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was detected the most, followed by Micrococcus and then by fungus. The number of these 3 organisms corresponded to 90.3% of the total number of falling bacteria detected during operation. The number of falling bacteria during operation was 5.1 times larger than that before operation. Taking into account normal flora of skin, falling bacteria present in the X-ray room and causative organisms of bacterial endocarditis, TIPC was administered to 30 cases intravenously 5 times at a dose of 30 mg/kg every 8 hours for the purpose of preventing possible postoperative infections following cardiac catheterization. The drug was effective to prevent such infections in all cases. No side effects were noted in any case, in peripheral blood and hepatic function tests and other observations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Computerized processing of two-dimensional echo-cardiograms: its application for quantitating left ventricular regional contractility and three-dimensional echocardiography].

This study assessed the computerized processing of two-dimensional echocardiograms for quantitating left ventricular regional contractility and for computer reconstruction of the left ventricle; so-called three-dimensional echocardiography. Computer analysis of two-dimensional echocardiograms for quantitative evaluations of the left ventricular regional contractility in myocardial infarction: A new practical method for computer digital image processing of two-dimensional echocardiograms was developed for quantitating left ventricular regional contractility. Short-axis cross-sectional images of the left ventricle at the levels of the mitral valve (MV), papillary muscles (PM) and the apex (AP) were recorded using a phased array sector scanner in thirty patients with healed myocardial infarction and fifteen normal control subjects. The echocardiographic data were recorded on the video tape and transferred to a minicomputer via interface circuits, digitized, and processed automatically. Each digitized image consisted of 256 X 256 pixels with a gray scale of 256 values. The edges of the endocardial and epicardial walls were detected by applying sequential steps including smoothing, dynamic thresholding, region growing, and filling of small holes. The rationale of edge detection depended on assuming that abrupt changes in gray levels occurred at the boundary, and that the points with maximum gradient values were boundaries of the left ventricular wall. Best-fit contours of endocardial and epicardial edges were drawn by fitting a spline. Besides this automatic edge tracing, endocardial and epicardial edges were also manually traced using a digi-pen system, whose results coincided well with automatic tracings. After detection of edges of endocardial and epicardial walls, the short-axis cross sectional left ventricular wall at each level was divided into eight segments. The geometric center of the end-diastolic left ventricular cavity and the axis connecting this with the posterior end of the right side of the septum was used as the reference point and line (fixed reference system). End-diastolic and end-systolic segmental hemiaxes, segmental area, segmental wall thickness and changes during the cardiac cycle were measured and calculated automatically in each segment using a computer. Regional contractility of the left ventricle was evaluated by percent systolic changes of the segmental hemiaxis, area and wall thickness. These values were significantly reduced in the infarcted left ventricular wall as defined by left ventriculography and coronary angiography.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Three dimensional reconstruction of the left ventricle from multiple cross sectional echocardiograms. Value for measuring left ventricular volume.

The accuracy of a system for reconstructing a three dimensional image of the left ventricle from randomly recorded multiple short axis images was tested by comparing the calculated left ventricular volume with the directly measured left ventricular volume in 11 excised porcine hearts. The system comprised a real time phased array sector scanner, a transducer locating system, and a computer system for digitising outlines of the left ventricle, displaying the reconstruction image, and calculating the left ventricular volume. The reconstructed image was similar to the real image and the calculated left ventricular volume showed a high correlation with the directly measured left ventricular volume. This method was accurate in vitro and is expected to be available for clinical measurement of left ventricular volume.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Computer analysis of wo-dimensional echocardiogram for the quantitative evaluation of left ventricular asynergy in myocardial infarction].

Quantitative assessment of left ventricular asynergy in myocardial infarction was made by computer analysis of the two-dimensional echocardiogram. Short-axis cross-sectional images of the left ventricle at the levels of the mitral valve, papillary muscle and apex were recorded by a phased array sector scanner in 20 patients with myocardial infarction and ten normal controls. End cardial and epicardial outlines at end-diastole and end-systole were traced and analyzed by a computer system. Short-axis cross-sectional images of the left ventricle were divided equally into octants and analyzed with a fixed external reference system, using the center of gravity of end-diastolic left ventricular cavity and the axis intersecting this and the right side of the posterior interventricular septum as the reference point and line. Segmental hemiaxis, area, wall thickness and those changes during cardiac cycle were measured and calculated in each octants. Regional contractility of the left ventricle was evaluated by systolic percent change of segmental hemiaxis, area and wall thickness. These parameters were significantly reduced in the infarcted segments documented by left ventriculography and electrocardiography. The area method is better than the hemiaxis system in both reproducibility and variability. The center of gravity of the left ventricular cavity determined by the computer shifted slightly towards the anterior wall during systole in normal subjects, possibly reflecting anterior swinging motion of the entire heart. The center of the gravity of the left ventricular cavity in myocardial infarction showed the tendency to shift towards the infarcted region, suggesting the possibility that the location of asynergic area can be detected by determining the direction of the gravity center shift during systole in patients with a single infarction. This finding gives a basis of using the fixed reference system for the detection of asynergy. The use of computers for the analysis of short-axis two-dimensional echocardiographic images is very useful for the quantification of regional contractility of the left ventricle in a clinical setting.

Computers↗