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Biomedical subjects

Y Kurimoto

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kurimoto.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Corneal astigmatism after cataract surgery with 4.1 mm BENT scleral and 4.1 mm plus meridian corneal incisions.

PURPOSE: To determine whether the 4.1 mm BENT (between 9 and 12 o'clock) scleral incision or the 4.1 mm plus meridian corneal incision (PMCI) is better at minimizing postoperative astigmatism. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City General Hospital, Kobe, Japan. METHODS: This prospective study comprised 58 eyes of 29 consecutive patients with bilateral cataract. One eye was randomly assigned to have cataract surgery with a 4.1 mm BENT scleral incision and the other eye, with a 4.1 mm PMCI. Corneal astigmatism was measured before surgery and 1, 3, 10, 30, and 100 days after surgery. RESULTS: Mean astigmatism preoperatively and on postoperative days 1, 3, 10, 30, and 100 in the BENT scleral incision group was 0.99 +/- 0.66, 1.53 +/- 1.11, 1.12 +/- 0.72, 1.26 +/- 0.81, 1.16 +/- 0.73, and 1.09 +/- 0.64 diopters (D), respectively. Means in the PMCI group were 1.14 +/- 0.79, 1.38 +/- 0.98, 1.17 +/- 0.88, 1.31 +/- 0.77, 1.01 +/- 0.70, and 1.00 +/- 0.60 D. respectively. Astigmatism on days 1 and 10 postoperatively was significantly greater than preoperatively in the BENT group (P < .03) but not in the PMCI group. The changes in astigmatism were less in the PMCI group at every examination and were significantly different 30 days postoperatively (P < .05). The negative correlation between preoperative astigmatism and the final postoperative change was significant in both groups (P < .032); the value of x-intercept of the regression line was 1.37 D in the BENT scleral incision group and 0.82 D in the PMCI group. CONCLUSION: In cataract surgery using a 4.1 mm incision, the PMCI surpassed the BENT scleral incision in minimizing postoperative corneal astigmatism.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Elevated remnant-like lipoprotein particles in impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetic patients.

OBJECTIVE: Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in association with insulin resistance is considered to be a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Thus, patients with IGT may have abnormal lipid and lipoprotein profiles. The purpose of this study was to investigate presence of remnant-type hyperlipoproteinemia in patients with IGT. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Serum levels of remnant-like lipoprotein particles (RLP) were measured in 541 subjects (362 men and 179 women, age 53 +/- 7.9 years) who visited our health center for routine medical examinations. We measured RLP cholesterol (RLP-C) and RLP triglycerides (RLP-TG) using immunoaffinity gel containing monoclonal anti-human apoproteins A-I (H-12) and B-100 (JI-H) antibodies. After a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, subjects were divided into three groups: normal, IGT, and type 2 diabetic. RESULTS: After matching for sex, age, and body weight, serum RLP-C in normal, IGT, and diabetic groups were 4.2 +/- 1.7, 6.2 +/- 3.4, and 6.2 +/- 4.2 mg/dl, respectively. The corresponding RLP-TG values were 16.7 +/- 9.2, 28.0 +/- 19.1, and 29.0 +/- 27.2 mg/dl. We found that RLP-C and RLP-TG values were significantly higher in the IGT and diabetic groups compared with the normal group (P < 0.001). In the same order, total serum cholesterol levels were 206 +/- 29, 205 +/- 34, and 206 +/- 34 mg/dl and LDL cholesterol levels were 127 +/- 27, 124 +/- 34, and 123 +/- 34 mg/dl, showing no marked difference in these groups. However, serum levels of triglyceride were higher in the IGT and diabetes groups (155 +/- 76 and 151 +/- 81 mg/dl vs. 106 +/- 41 mg/dl; P < 0.0001). Further, the incidence of remnant hyperlipoproteinemia in normocholesterolemic subjects was up to four times higher in IGT and diabetic groups compared with the normal group. CONCLUSIONS: High serum RLP-C and RLP-TG levels in IGT and diabetic patients may represent an increased risk of atherosclerosis in these patients.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1999

BDNF diminishes caspase-2 but not c-Jun immunoreactivity of neurons in retinal ganglion cell layer after transient ischemia.

PURPOSE: Retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury induces apoptosis of retinal neurons. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of c-Jun, caspase-1, -2, and -3 immunoreactivities and neuronal apoptosis in the retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL) and to study the effects of intravitreal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on the expression of these gene products in a rat model of retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS: After 60 minutes of ischemia, eyes were enucleated after 3, 6, 12, 24, and 168 hours of reperfusion. The numbers of c-Jun-, caspase-1-, caspase-2-, caspase-3, and TdT-dUTP terminal nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in the GCL were counted. Recombinant human BDNF (5 microg) or vehicle was injected intravitreally immediately after reperfusion. At 6, 24, and 168 hours, the numbers of immunoreactive cells in BDNF- and vehicle-treated groups were compared. RESULTS: Expression of c-Jun and caspase-2 was found in dying cells in flat-mounted retinas. The numbers of caspase-1- and caspase-3-positive cells were fewer than c-Jun- or caspase-2-positive cells. Cell death in the retinal GCL was suppressed by an intravitreal injection of BDNF. The numbers of TUNEL- and caspase-2-positive cells were lower in the BDNF-treated group at 6 hours after reperfusion (P<0.01). The number of c-Jun-positive cells in the treated retinas was not altered by the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Expression of c-Jun and caspase-2 is associated with neuronal cell apoptosis in the GCL. Suppression of caspase-2 expression may explain the neuroprotective effects of BDNF.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Ultrasound biomicroscopic findings in humans with shallow anterior chamber and increased intraocular pressure after the prone provocation test.

PURPOSE: To investigate ultrasound biomicroscopic findings in human eyes with shallow anterior chamber and risk of anterior chamber angle-closure glaucoma after the prone provocation test. METHODS: A total of 32 consecutive patients (64 eyes) with bilateral shallow anterior chamber who were at risk for primary angle-closure glaucoma underwent the prone provocation test in a lit room. Before and immediately after measurement of intraocular pressure in this test, high-frequency ultrasound biomicroscopy was performed in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the chamber angle views were recorded at the 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-o'clock positions. RESULTS: Ten eyes of six patients exhibited an increase in intraocular pressure of 8 mm Hg or more, a positive response, with the remainder showing a negative response to the test. In the eyes with a positive response to the test, the profile of the iris showed a markedly convex shape with a large space behind the posterior iris. However, the anterior chamber angle of each eye remained open, even during the high level of intraocular pressure caused by the provocation. CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest that no angle closure occurs during the initial increase of intraocular pressure after the prone provocation test. Such an initial increase of intraocular pressure was associated with high pressure in the posterior chamber because of the relative pupillary block. A time lag was observed between the high intraocular pressure caused by the pupillary block and the occurrence of angle closure.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1997

Changes in the anterior chamber configuration after small-incision cataract surgery with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.

PURPOSE: To report quantitative changes in the anterior chamber configuration after small-incision cataract surgery with implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens by means of ultrasound biomicroscopy. METHODS: We examined the anterior chamber configuration of 20 eyes of 20 patients before and 3 months after small-incision cataract surgery (phacoemulsification and aspiration plus foldable intraocular lens implantation through a 3.0- to 4.0-mm self-sealing wound) by means of ultrasound biomicroscopy. The following variables were measured: the anterior chamber depth at the center of the cornea, the angle-opening distance 250 microns from the scleral spur (AOD250), the angle-opening distance 500 microns from the scleral spur (AOD500), and the trabecular-iris angle. RESULTS: The anterior chamber depth at the center of the cornea, AOD250, AOD500, and trabecular-iris angle increased significantly after surgery. The preoperative anterior chamber depth at the center of the cornea and trabecular-iris angle were negatively correlated with the differences between the postoperative and preoperative values (P < .01). The preoperative values of all variables examined were negatively correlated with the ratios of the postoperative value to the preoperative value (P < .002). CONCLUSIONS: The present results showed that small-incision cataract surgery significantly deepened the anterior chamber and widened its angle. The more shallow the preoperative anterior chamber was, the greater the postoperative change of the chamber was; and the more narrow the preoperative angle was, the greater the postoperative change of the angle was.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Ultrasound biomicroscopic observation of the anterior eye segment in a sclerocornea and a microcornea].

We observed the anterior segment of eyes in one case of sclerocornea and one case of microcornea using an ultrasound biomicroscope. The sclerocornea was the peripheral type. The contrast in the image of ultrasound biomicroscopy changes from low to high density in proportion to the optical opacity at the peripheral portion of the cornea. There was no abnormality in the anatomical figures of the anterior chamber angle in ultrasound biomicroscopic findings, which gave significant information in the cataract surgery. The patient with microcornea had horizontal nystagmus, partial coloboma of the iris, choroidal coloboma, and cataract in both eyes. We observed the iris tissue in all the meridians in the ultrasound biomicroscopic pictures. Ultrasound biomicroscopy is a promising procedure for examining the anterior segment of eyes with corneal opacity.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Extended total aortic arch replacement involving the proximal descending aorta through a median sternotomy].

From January 1986 to September 1995, total aortic arch replacement (TAR) for aortic dissection was performed using selective cerebral perfusion in 151 patients. In 18 patients, the surgical procedures of extended aortic arch replacement (EAR) involving the proximal descending aorta through a median sternotomy were applied. To evaluate the outcome of EAR, the early and late results were compared with those of non-extended aortic arch replacements (NAR) through a median sternotomy (n = 66). The early mortality rates for EAR and NAR were 5.6% and 16.7%, respectively (NS); the lower rate for EAR may be due to the fact that EAR were performed more recently than NAR. The differences between EAR and NAR with respect to the amount of blood transfused intraoperatively and the respiratory index at 12 hours after surgery were not statistically significant. In addition, the extracorporeal bypass time in EAR was no longer than that in NAR. Thus, as compared with the NAR procedure, the EAR procedure did not have a negative effect on early outcome. Regarding late results, the actuarial survival rates after EAR and NAR, respectively were 87% and 72% at 1 year, 87% and 69% at 3 years (NS). The early thrombo-occlusion rates of the remaining false lumens after TAR in broad aortic dissections were 56% after EAR and 33% after NAR (p = 0.21). These results suggest that EAR may be a more useful procedure in some patients requiring TAR.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Mitral valvuloplasty for the repair of mitral valve prolapse due to tendon rupture of the posterior leaflet in a father and son--case reports].

The use of mitral valvuloplasty for the repair of mitral valve prolapse in members of a family has been reported only rarely. Patient 1 was a 71-year-old man, and patient 2 the son of patient 1 was a 47-year-old man. Both patients had a grade 3/4 mitral valve regurgitation due to tendon rupture of the posterior leaflet. The procedure was quadrangular resection of the posterior leaflet with annulorrhaphy and ring annuloplasty. The results were good in both cases. Histopathological analysis of a specimen resected from the mitral valve revealed myxomatous degeneration in both cases. These case reports suggest that there is a genetic basis for mitral valve prolapse.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[A surgical case report--combined valvular disease in a 77-year-old woman with multi-organ dysfunction].

A 77-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with congestive hepatic dysfunction and combined valvular disease. In addition to aortic stenosis, mitral stenosis, and tricuspid regurgitation, multi-organ dysfunction consisting of hepatic cirrhosis, pulmonary dysfunction and renal dysfunction were found. In consideration of the patient's anxiety for surgical treatment, we performed aortic valve replacement, open mitral commissurotomy and tricuspid annuloplasty. Although the patient required hemofiltration for 2 days and an assist of catecholamines for 1 month, she improved better and was discharged at 2 months after surgery. As preoperative assessment of preliminary function of other organs is difficult in the elderly, indications for surgery and optimal surgical procedures must be investigated in each case.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Cloning and characterization of the murine GPI anchor synthesis gene Pigf, a homologue of the human PIGF gene.

Many eukaryotic proteins are bound to the plasma membrane via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. Its core backbone, which is conserved in different organisms, is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum by the sequential addition of glycan components to phosphatidylinositol. One of the human GPI synthesis genes, PIGF (phosphatidylinositol glycan complementation class F), which is involved late in the synthesis pathway, has been cloned. In this study, we isolated complementary and genomic clones of Pigf, a murine counterpart of PIGF. Pigf encodes a 219 amino acid protein that complements a class F mutation. The Pigf gene consists of six exons spanning 30 kb and was mapped to chromosome 17 at 17E4-E5. These features are very similar to PIGF, thus demonstrating the interspecies conservation of structure, function, gene organization, and genetic locus between these GPI synthesis genes. The results also extend a region in murine distal chromosome 17 that is syntenic to human chromosome 2p16-p22.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

2-Buten-4-olide (2-B4O) inhibits experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats.

Starvation is well known to induce immune suppression. Moreover, the concentration of 2-B4O, an endogenous sugar acid, is elevated in the circulation during starvation. To determine if these events are related, the influence of 2-B4O on experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats, a model of human multiple sclerosis (MS), was studied. EAE, characterized by paralysis of hind legs, was induced by immunization with residues 68 to 84 (MB 68-84) of the guinea pig myelin basic protein (MBP) in complete adjuvant H37Ra. Interestingly, the daily administration of 2-B4O intraperitoneally from the day of MB 68-84 immunization (day 0) to day 20 dramatically suppressed the clinical severity of EAE. The daily administration of 2-B4O intraperitoneally from day 0 to day 7 also markedly reduced the clinical symptoms of EAE. In fact, passively induced EAE, using Con A activated spleen cells from rats immunized with MB 68-84 in H37Ra, was also inhibited by daily administration of 2-B4O. Histological examination confirmed clinical findings and revealed that mononuclear cell infiltration into the central nervous system was significantly inhibited by 2-B4O. To clarify the mechanism(s) responsible for suppression of EAE, the effects of 2-B4O on the immune responses to MB 68-84 were examined. When rats were treated daily with 2-B4O for 15 days after immunization with MB 68-84 in H37Ra, the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to MB 68-84 was significantly reduced in 2-B4O treated rats as compared with saline treated rats. The proliferative response to MB 68-84 of spleen cells from 2-B4O treated rats was also significantly lower than that of saline treated rats. Our data demonstrate that 2-B4O has the potential to suppress autoimmune responses in both inductive and effector phases. 2-B4O may have significant potential to treat autoimmune diseases.

4-Butyrolactone↗
PubMed1995

Phylogenetic relationship of silkmoths inferred from sequence data of the arylphorin gene.

A portion of the arylphorin gene from 11 silkmoth species belonging to the families Saturniidae and Bombycidae was amplified by a polymerase chain reaction. Approximately 460 bp corresponding to the third exon, the third intron, and the fourth exon were successfully amplified, sequenced, and compared. Sequences corresponding to the third and fourth exons were the most conserved, whereas sequences corresponding to the third intron were conserved only between species belonging to the same genus. We also analyzed differences of substitution rates among codon positions and between synonymous and nonsynonymous sites. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using the entire nucleotide sequences, the first and second codon positions, nonsynonymous sites, transversions, and the inferred amino acid sequences in the exons by the neighbor-joining method. These trees supported the monophyly of the families Saturniidae and Bombycidae as well as the monophyly of the genera Actias, Bombyx, Antheraea, and Samia.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Cerebellotectal projection in the rat: anterograde and retrograde WGA-HRP study of individual cerebellar nuclei.

Cerebellotectal projections were studied in the rat by the anterograde and retrograde tracing methods using wheat-germ-agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase. The pathway arises from all four cerebellar nuclei on the contralateral side; mainly from the posterior interpositus nucleus and lateral nucleus and to a lesser extent from the medial nucleus and anterior interpositus nucleus. The fibers arising from the medial nucleus and the posterior interpositus nucleus terminate mainly in the deeper zone of layer IV and in layer VI throughout the entire rostrocaudal extent of the contralateral superior colliculus. Those arising from the anterior interpositus nucleus and the lateral nucleus terminate mainly in the superficial zone of layer IV in the rostral three-fourths of the contralateral superior colliculus. In addition, the fibers from the lateral nucleus terminate densely in a zone extending from the deep part of layer III through layer VII in the lateral portion of the rostral half of the superior colliculus. In comparison with data on other species the present findings are discussed with respect to the evolutional changes from monocular to binocular vision.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Aortic arch aneurysm: new modification of aortic arch reconstruction and selective cerebral perfusion].

Selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) has been widely used as the method for cerebral protection during aortic arch repair in the treatment of aortic arch aneurysms in our institution. Recently, we modified our technique of aortic arch reconstruction and SCP in order to reduce the neurological complication. Following institution of SCP into both innominate and left common carotid arteries at 22 degrees C, the distal graft anastomosis and left subclavian reconstruction were performed while the descending aorta was left opened. Then the antegrade perfusion with rewarming was started via the fourth limbs attached to the main graft instead of the femoral artery. The aortic arch was completely replaced with the graft with three limbs for arch vessels. During one-year period from December 1993 to November 1994, 30 patients were operated on for aortic arch aneurysms using this technique. The etiology of aneurysms was true aneurysms in 16 patients, and aortic dissection in 14 including 8 cases of acute dissection. The concomitant procedures included descending graft replacement in 11 patients, composite graft replacement in 5, CABG in 3, and AVR in 1. The hospital mortality was 3.3% (1 of the 30 patients). There was no neurological complication. We conclude that the present techniques are useful methods for preventing the neurological complication in the treatment of aortic arch aneurysms.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Results of emergency coronary artery bypass surgery after failed coronary angioplasty].

In the past 7 years, 9 emergent or urgent coronary artery bypass operations after failed percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTCA) were performed among 947 (PTCA). Since the introduction of coronary perfusion catheter system for the support of coronary perfusion during PTCA we could reduce the number of emergent cases and these patients could be operated on semi-emergently and securely without endangering co-medical staffs in a hurry. It is also unnecessary to be on standby all the time when the PTCA is being undertaken. Two acute myocardial infarction cases died in the early phase of this study (operative mortality 22%) and none after the introduction of coronary perfusion system during PTCA.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[A case report of active prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by MRSA].

A 53-year-old woman, who had undergone MVR and TAP 2 months ago at other hospital, was referred because of PVE caused by MRSA, mediastinitis and remaining AR. Emergency operation was performed, and it was found that mitral mechanical valve was detached and massive vegetation was present around prosthetic valve suture ring. MRSA was cultured from mechanical valve. Thorough debridement for mediastinitis and mitral annulus were performed. Diagnosis and timing of surgical intervention for mechanical PVE were discussed.

Endocarditis↗
PubMed1994

[Results of reoperation for prosthetic dysfunction in the mitral position].

We analyzed surgical results of 91 patients who underwent re-mitral valve replacement (reMVR) for valve morbidity between January 1981 and March 1994 in an attempt to draw some therapeutic guidelines. The study population consisted of 38 men and 53 women, ages 32-73 (mean 52 +/- 10) years. The causes of valve morbidity were structural deterioration in 71 patients, nonstructural dysfunction manifested by paravalvular leakage in 5 valve thrombosis in 7 and prosthetic valve endocarditis in 8. Twelve of ninety-one patients (13.2%) died postoperatively in the hospital. All the patients were divided into the survivors (n = 12) and the nonsurvivors (n = 79). Mean right atrial pressure, extracorporeal circulation time, concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting, and application of intra-aortic balloon pumping were significantly different between the groups. Twenty preoperative and intraoperative variables were analyzed by means of univariate and multivariate analysis. By univariate analysis, male gender, NYHA IV, history of congestive heart failure, renal insufficiency and prosthetic valve stenosis were related to a higher incidence of hospital death. Multivariate analysis revealed that male gender and NYHA IV were risk factors in reMVR, and indicated no differences in intraoperative parameters between survivors and deaths. It is recommended to examine patients with bioprostheses thoroughly and to perform early elective reMVR before a patient develops NYHA IV.

Adult↗