PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Kusaka

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kusaka.

144 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Phase analysis of mitral regurgitation in mitral valve prolapse: comparison of pulsed Doppler echocardiography with phonocardiography].

The clinical implication of the timing of mitral regurgitation (MR) in mitral valve prolapse (MVP) was investigated by comparison of the phonocardiographic patterns of the regurgitant murmur with either prolapsing phase of the mitral valve determined by two-dimensional echocardiography (TDE) or regurgitant flow patterns by pulsed Doppler echocardiography (PDE). A total of 23 patients (pts) with MVP was classified into five subsets on the basis of the phonocardiographic findings: six pts with a pansystolic murmur, seven with a late systolic murmur, two with an early systolic murmur, three with only a click(s) and five with a angiotensin II-induced regurgitant murmur (provocative MR). A comparative study between the regurgitant murmur and regurgitant flow patterns was also made in 10 pts with MR due to other etiology (four pts of rheumatic MR, three of ruptured chordae tendineae and three of papillary muscle dysfunction). MR was detected at or just above the mitral orifice using a combined system of the PDE and TDE from a transcutaneous approach. The results obtained were as follows: Phase of MR detected by PDE coincided well in timing with a regurgitant murmur recorded on the phonocardiogram (PCG) except one patient. In four of five pts with provocative MR, abnormal Doppler signals indicating MR were detected even at rest and these coincided temporally with a newly developed regurgitant murmur by provocation. Phase of MR detected by PDE was not synchronous with prolapse of the mitral leaflets examined by TDE in five out of 23 pts, suggesting that MR does not necessarily occur in accordance with mitral prolapse. Regurgitant flow patterns examined by PDE in 30 pts including 10 pts of MR due to other etiology were either a widely dispersed dot pattern or a narrow banded reverse flow pattern. Pts with a loud systolic regurgitant murmur (Levine 3/6 or greater) tended to show a widely dispersed dot pattern, and pts with a soft systolic regurgitant murmur (less than Levine 2/6) showed a narrow banded reverse flow pattern. In conclusion, PDE seems to be more sensitive than PCG for the detection of MR in MVP, and PDE may serve to the qualitative as well as quantitative evaluation of MR in MVP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Studies on the mechanisms of the third and fourth heart sounds: with special reference to the phase analysis of mitral flow velocity pattern].

To investigate the genesis of the third ( IIIs ) and fourth heart sounds (IVs), apical phonocardiograms were recorded simultaneously with pulsed Doppler signals of the mitral flow and interventricular septal (IVS) and left ventricular posterior wall (PW) echoes by M-mode echocardiography in 26 cases with the IIIs and 11 cases with the IVs. The following results were obtained: Cases with the IIIs were classified into the following three groups according to the time relationship between the IIIs and a rapid filling wave (D wave) of the mitral flow velocity pattern. IIIs -peak group: The IIIs occurred coincidently with the peak of the D wave in five healthy adolescents and in 12 cases with absolute left ventricular volume overload including mitral regurgitation (MR: eight cases), postoperative atrial septal defect (ASD: three cases) and ventricular septal defect (one case). IIIs -delay group: The IIIs occurred about 38 msec after the peak of the D wave in eight cases with relative left ventricular volume overload including congestive cardiomyopathy (CCM: three cases) and ischemic heart disease (IHD: five cases). IIIs -early phase group: The IIIs occurred about 35 msec before the peak of the D wave in a case with acute MR due to chordal rupture. In the IIIs -peak group, the IIIs coincided in time with the points of inflection (check points) of both the IVS and PW during rapid filling phase in three cases with MR of mild to moderate degree and one case of postoperative ASD. In the IIIs -delay group, the IIIs occurred simultaneously with either the check point of the IVS or PW in two cases with CCM and one case with IHD, and it occurred before the check points of both the IVS and PW in two cases with severe MR of IIIs -peak group and in a case with acute MR due to chordal rupture of IIIs -early phase group. Cases with the IVs were classified into following 2 groups according to the time relationship between the IVs and the atrial contraction wave (A wave) of the mitral flow velocity pattern. IVs-peak group: The IVs occurred coincidentally with the peak of the A wave in six cases with left ventricular hypertrophy including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (five cases) and hypertension (one case). IVs-delay group: The IVs occurred about 33 msec after the peak of the A wave in five cases with left ventricular dilatation or dysfunction including old myocardial infarction (two cases), CCM (one case), postoperative ASD (one case) and aortic regurgitation (one case). There were two types of IVs in time relationship between the IVs and the check points of the left ventricular wall during atrial contraction phase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Mode of splitting of the second heart sound in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

Mode of the splitting of the second heart sound ( IIs ) and left ventricular systolic time intervals (STIs) in patients (pts) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were compared with those in hypertension (HT) with the global hypertrophy of the left ventricular wall. Forty-seven pts with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [non-obstructive type (HCM, 30 pts), obstructive type (HOCM, 17 pts)] and 21 pts with HT were studied. The pts with HCM were classified as septal hypertrophic type (19 pts) and apical hypertrophic type (11 pts) on the basis of the echocardiographic findings. The pts with HOCM were classified as resting type (13 pts) and latent type (provoked by amyl nitrite: 4 pts) on the basis of the obstructive sign at rest. Mode of the splitting of the IIs : a) The pts with HCM showed a wide splitting of the IIs . The mean split interval during held expiration (IIA-IIP) was 41.0 +/- 9.9 msec. Twenty pts (67%) showed abnormal respiratory splitting. The mean IIA-IIP interval in septal hypertrophic type (45.3 +/- 9.0 msec) was significantly wider than that in apical hypertrophic type (33.6 +/- 6.7 msec) (p less than 0.05). There was a positive correlation between IIA-IIP interval and the thickness of the upper portion of the interventricular septum (r = 0.63). b) Nine out of 13 pts with resting type of HOCM showed a paradoxical (reversed) splitting with a mean IIA-IIP interval of -23.8 +/- 24.4 msec. On the other hand, pts with latent type showed a wide splitting similar to HCM with a mean IIA-IIP interval of 35.0 +/- 7.1 msec. c) The pts with HT showed a single IIs or physiological splitting. The mean IIA-IIP interval was 14.5 +/- 9.3 msec, which was significantly decreased than that of normals or the pts with HCM (p less than 0.01). Left ventricular systolic time intervals: a) The pts with an either type of HCM showed a short corrected left ventricular electromechanical systole [(Q-IIA)c] due to the shortening of the corrected left ventricular ejection time (LVETc). b) The pts with resting type of HOCM showed a long (Q-IIA)c due to the prolongation of LVETc, but latent type showed the same change as in HCM. c) The pts with HT showed a tendency of prolongation of (Q-IIA)c due to slightly short LVETc and long corrected pre-ejection period (PEPc). Fractional shortening of the left ventricle (%FS) and mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (mean VCF) calculated from echocardiograms were significantly greater in both types of HCM than those in normals and HT (p less than 0.05). Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension was significantly decreased in the pts with septal hypertrophic type of HCM than in others.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Pulsed Doppler echocardiographic assessment of diastolic left ventricular hemodynamics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: relationship between the mode of left ventricular filling and the distribution of left ventricular hypertrophy].

In order to clarify left ventricular relaxation and filling in different types of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), velocity patterns of blood flow at the inflow tract of the left ventricle (LV) were recorded by pulsed Doppler echocardiography and compared with those of normal subjects (26 cases). Forty-one patients with HCM were classified into the following 4 groups according to the distribution of LV hypertrophy and the evidence of cavity obstruction of the LV; with asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH: 15 patients), apical hypertrophy (APH: 10), diffuse hypertrophy ( DIH : five) and obstruction of the LV cavity (HOCM: 11). The HOCM group consisted of five cases of ASH type and six of APH or DIH type. Acceleration time (AT), deceleration time (DT) and the A/D ratio were measured on the pulsed Doppler echocardiogram. The M-mode echogram of the LV was recorded and subsequently digitized to obtain peak LV filling rate. The results were as follows: AT was significantly prolonged in 4 groups of HCM compared with that of the normal subjects. But there was no significant difference in AT among various HCM groups. DT was markedly prolonged in 4 groups of HCM compared with that of the normal subjects, but DT was significantly shortened in the ASH group compared with that of the APH or HOCM group. DT of the HOCM group was divided into the following 2 types according to the duration; normal or slightly prolonged DT (three cases) and markedly prolonged DT (eight). The former group belonged to the ASH type of LV hypertrophy in all cases, and two of them showed a third heart sound. An apical diastolic murmur was recorded in four patients of the ASH group, and six of the HOCM (five cases with ASH type and one with APH type). The A/D ratio was significantly increased in 4 groups of HCM compared with that of the normal subjects. But there was no significant difference among HCM groups. Diastolic descent rate (DDR) of the mitral valve echogram was significantly reduced in 4 groups of HCM compared with that of the normal subjects, particularly in the ASH and HOCM groups. DDR was roughly correlated with DT in the HCM group (r = -0.40, p less than 0.02). Peak LV filling rate was markedly decreased in the ASH, APH and HOCM groups compared with that of the normal subjects. There was a significant negative correlation between peak LV filling rate and DT (r = -0.49, p less than 0.01). In conclusion, the mode of LV filling in HCM showed various patterns according to the location of ventricular hypertrophy and the presence of cavity obstruction of the LV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Active uptake of substance P carboxy-terminal heptapeptide (5-11) into rat brain and rabbit spinal cord slices.

We previously reported that nerve terminals and glial cells lack an active uptake system capable of terminating transmitter action of substance P (SP). In the present study, we demonstrated the existence of an active uptake system for SP carboxy-terminal heptapeptide, (5-11)SP. When the slices from either rat brain or rabbit spinal cord were incubated with [3H](5-11)SP, the uptake of (5-11)SP into slices was observed. The uptake system has the properties of an active transport mechanism: it is dependent on temperature and sensitive to hypoosmotic treatment and is inhibited by ouabain and dinitrophenol (DNP). In the brain, (5-11)SP was accumulated by means of a high-affinity and a low-affinity uptake system. The Km and the Vmax values for the high-affinity system were 4.20 x 10(-8) M and 7.59 fmol/10 mg wet weight/min, respectively, whereas these values for the low-affinity system were 1.00 x 10(-6) M and 100 fmol/10 mg wet weight/min, respectively. In the spinal cord, there was only one uptake system, with a Km value of 2.16 x 10(-7) M and Vmax value of 26.2 fmol/10 mg wet weight/min. These results suggest that when SP is released from nerve terminals, it is hydrolysed into (5-11)SP before or after acting as a neurotransmitter, which is in turn accumulated into nerve terminals. Therefore, the uptake system may represent a possible mechanism for the inactivation of SP.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Further characterization of the binding of substance P to a fraction from rabbit brain enriched in synaptic membranes.

1. The present experiments were designed to further characterize the specific [3H]substance P (SP) binding to membrane fractions from rabbit brain. 2. The specific binding was resistant to treatment with proteolytic enzymes whereas phospholipase A(0.7 unit/ml), C(0.025 unit/ml) and D(6.2 unit/ml) reduced the specific binding without decreasing total binding. Neuraminidase (0.01 unit/ml) decreased total binding as well as the specific binding. 3. High concentration of Triton X-100 reduced the specific binding whereas deoxycholate, at 0.05%, reduced both total and the specific binding. 4. Na+ (50--200 mM) reduced the specific binding, depending on the concentrations employed, whereas K+ decreased the specific binding at 10 and 100 mM. The binding was reduced considerably by 100 mmol/l of CaCl2. 5. From these results it is suggested that the specific [3H]SP binding sites in membrane fractions from rabbit brain could be phospholipids.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Neutron activation analysis of trace elements in sea water samples (author's transl)].

Analytical values of trace elements in sea water samples have been fluctuated according to the sampling locations, the analytical procedures and so on. It is very important in marine chemistry to elucidate the cause of such concentration variations. This report is the analytical results of the samples obtained in the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Sea of Japan, by means of neutron activation analysis. As the preconcentration, APDC-chelate extraction and freeze-drying were adopted. The specimens obtained by this extraction from 500 or 800 ml samples were irradiated by KUR reactor for 1 min, 1 hr to 10 hrs and the gamma-ray spectrometry with a Ge(Li) detector was used for the determination of V, Mn, Cu, Zn, U, Fe, Co, Ni, Ag, Sb and Au. By about 80 hrs irradiation of the specimens obtained by freeze-drying from 20 ml samples and their gamma-ray spectrometry, Sc, Cr, Fe, Co, Zn, Rb, Sr, Ag, Sb and Cs were determined. The former procedure gives concentrations of elements in species reactable with APDC, but the latter method shows entire concentrations of the elements in the sea water samples. Some considerations on the analytical values and the comparisons of the both methods are described.

Activation Analysis↗
PubMed1978

Relationship between polyamine contents and protease activity in the rat submaxillary gland.

The effect of polyamines on the protease activity in the submaxillary gland of castrated rats has been investigated in vivo. The protease activity, which is increased by testosterone, is also increased to a lesser degree by the subcutaneous administration of spermidine. The administration of putrescine was less effective than that of spermidine. The increase of polyamine contents in the submaxillary gland of the castrated rats administered either testosterone or spermidine was nearly parallel to the increase of the enzymatic activity. The administration of methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone), a potent inhibitor of spermidine synthesis, with testosterone inhibited slightly the increase of the protease activity by testosterone, while the administration of the inhibitor with spermidine had essentially no effect on the increase of the enzymatic activity by spermidine. The administration of testosteorne also caused a slight increase of S-adenosyl-L-menthionine decarboxylase activity. These results suggest that spermidine synthesis may be necessary for the stimulation by testosterone of protease synthesis in the rat submaxillary gland.

Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between radiographic classification and arthroscopic findings of articular cartilage lesions in osteoarthritis of the knee.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between radiographic abnormalities and arthroscopic findings of the cartilage lesions in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. METHODS: Arthroscopy was performed in 190 patients with primary medial compartment (MC) OA of the knee to assess the severity of the cartilage lesion. Standing radiographs of all patients were graded according to the joint space narrowing (JSN) and Kellgren-Lawrence (K/L) scales. In addition to evaluating the correlation between arthroscopic articular cartilage lesions and the radiographic scale, multiple regression analysis was used to identify the arthroscopic findings and clinical factors that influenced the cartilage lesions. RESULTS: The positive predictive values of the JSN and K/L scales of the MC for the presence of essentially abnormal articular cartilage in the MC by arthroscopy were high (0.98, 0.96, respectively). The sensitivity and specificity of the JSN scale and the sensitivity and negative predictive value of the K/L scale were also high in the MC. In contrast, the positive predictive values of these radiographic scales for the presence of arthroscopic lesions in the lateral compartment (LC) were poor (0.20 and 0.19). In this study population with severe OA, there were more patients with a high K/L score than with a high JSN score in the MC. CONCLUSION: In MC-OA of the knee, the JSN and K/L scores for the MC correlated highly with cartilage lesions of the MC by arthroscopy. However, the cartilage lesion of the LC correlated poorly with both of these radiographic scales.

Adult↗