Biomedical subjects

Y L He

Publications and source records attributed to Y L He.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

National field trial of the Chinese classification and diagnostic criteria of mental disorders: comprehensibility, acceptability and applicability.

The Chinese Neurology and Psychiatry Association conducted a national field trial of its Chinese Classification and Diagnostic Criteria of Mental Disorders (CCMD-2) involving 26 provinces and municipalities, 80 psychiatric institutes, and 224 professionals. The results were as follows: (1) 95.2% of researchers considered the comprehensibility of the CCMD-2 diagnostic criteria good. Within the ten major categories, comprehensibility ranged from 85.7% to 100%. (2) Of those surveyed concerning the acceptability of the CCMD-2 diagnostic criteria, 85.9% considered them acceptable. In individual classifications, the rate ranged from 74.1% to 95.2%. (3) 1498 cases were tested. The overall applicability rate which indicated the consistency between the CCMD-2 result and the actual clinical diagnoses was found to be 87.6%, (averaging Kappa = 0.82, P < 0.01), better than those obtained from non-Chinese systems of diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[A comparative study of masticatory efficiency between partial denture wearers having one remaining tooth and complete denture wears]

Masticatory efficiency is one of the important indexes of judging masticatory function after dentures restored.The aim of this study was to measure and analyze masticatory efficiency of partial dentur wearers having one tooth left and complete denture wearers,by using a method of measuring msticatory crushed granules.The results showed that the crushed granules for partial denture wearers with one remaining tooth were smaller than that for complete ones.Therefore,partial dentures with a few remaining teeth were better than complete ones on effects.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1992

[An immunohistochemical study of Langerhan's cells (LC), T-cells and the HLA antigen in human cornea].

The distribution of Langerhan's cells (LC), T-cell subsets, and HLA system in 12 normal and 7 morbid corneas, including 4 of suppurative corneal ulcer and 3 of uveogenic endophthalmitis, were investigated with monoclonal antibodies. The results revealed that a small amount of LC and T-cell subsets were present in the limbal region of normal corneas, while large numbers of LC and OKT4+ were observed in the corneas of suppurative ulcer. HLA-ABC antigens were expressed on the epithelial cells and keratocytes of the normal corneas, while the HLA-DR antigens were expressed on the surface of LC at the limbus.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Moment analysis of drug disposition in kidney. V: In vivo transepithelial transport of p-aminohippurate in rat kidney.

A new method that can assess the kinetics of in vivo transepithelial transport in rat kidney has been established. The method is based upon a multiple-indicator dilution experiment and the moment analysis theory. After simultaneous bolus injections of p-aminohippurate (PAH) and inulin into the right renal artery, blood samples were taken from the carotid artery and urine was separately collected from right and left ureters. The characteristic response for the first passage of drugs through the right kidney was evaluated by taking blood circulation into consideration. To determine the mean artery-to-vein transit time and the extraction ratio in the kidney, an intravenous injection was also performed as a reference experiment for deconvolution. The urinary excretion curve corresponding to the first passage was obtained as the difference between both kidneys. The mean artery-to-lumen transit time (mean transepithelial transit time, Tcell) was computed by subtracting the mean urinary transit time of inulin from that of secreted PAH. Since transport across the luminal membrane into the lumen from tubular epithelial cells can influence the cellular residence time of drugs, Tcell and the single-pass mean residence time in epithelial cells (Tcell,sp) can be thought of describing luminal membrane transport. The value of Tcell obtained for 0.1 mM PAH was 22 sec and it was prolonged to 61 sec in the presence of probenecid, suggesting an inhibitory effect on transport across the luminal membrane. On the other hand, antiluminal membrane transport into cells from blood is characterized by the volume of distribution in the kidney (VdPAH). VdPAH was remarkably decreased by treatment with probenecid, indicating an inhibitory effect on antiluminal membrane transport. The effects of probenecid on both sides of epithelial cell membrane transport were first demonstrated in vivo. The present method is useful for the analysis of in vivo transepithelial transport including antiluminal and luminal membrane transport for drugs excreted via tubular secretion.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Moment analysis of drug disposition in kidney. VI: Assessment of in vivo transmembrane transport of p-aminohippurate in tubular epithelium.

This paper describes a novel method to assess the antiluminal membrane (ALM) and luminal membrane (LM) transport in vivo across renal tubular epithelial cells. The method is based upon a noncompartmental moment analysis of the plasma concentration and urinary excretion rate curves following renal artery injection. Quantitative relationships are represented between the noncompartmental parameters (clearance, volume of distribution, and the mean transit time) and the first-order rate constants associated with transmembrane transport processes. The in vivo transepithelial transport of [14C]p-aminohippurate (PAH) was examined using the rat kidney in the absence or presence of various plasma concentrations of unlabeled PAH, cefazolin, and methotrexate. The tubular secretion intrinsic clearance was reduced with an increase in the plasma concentration of concurrent unlabeled organic anions. The distribution volume of PAH in the kidney decreased in association with a decrease in the amount of PAH secreted, whereas the mean transepithelial (artery-to-lumen) transit time (Tcell) remained constant. These findings indicate that ALM transport is a capacity-limited process determining the amount of tubular secretion, and that LM transport is linear over the concentration range examined and independent of the amount of secretion. The contribution of ALM and LM transport to transcellular transport was first clarified in vivo. The present method will be useful for analyzing the transmembrane transport processes in vivo for highly diffusible substances in the kidney.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Two cellulolytic Clostridium species: Clostridium cellulosi sp. nov. and Clostridium cellulofermentans sp. nov.

Two cellulolytic clostridia, one thermophilic and the other mesophilic, were isolated and characterized. Cells of the thermophile are gram-negative rods that are motile with lophotrichous flagella and spherical terminal endospores which swell the cells. The optimum growth temperature is 55 to 60 degrees C, with a range of 40 to 65 degrees C. The deoxyribonucleic acid composition is 35 mol% G + C. The name Clostridium cellulosi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AS 1.1777. Cells of the mesophile are gram negative and motile with peritrichous flagella and terminal oval or spherical spores which swell the cells. The deoxyribonucleic acid composition is 34 mol% G + C. The name Clostridium cellulofermentans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AS 1.1775. Both C. cellulosi AS 1.1777 and C. cellulofermentans AS 1.1775 are deposited in the China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms, Institute of Microbiology, Academia Sinica, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Pulmonary and hepatic disposition of hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine.

The pulmonary and hepatic clearances of the synthesized angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) substrate, hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine (HHL) were evaluated by applying the multiple sites of input method and the recirculation pharmacokinetic model. Rats received a constant rate infusion via the carotid artery, jugular vein or portal vein in the absence or presence of the ACE inhibitor, captopril. Blood samples were collected from the femoral artery. The organ extraction ratio was calculated from the steady-state plasma concentrations and the mean organ transit time was computed as the difference in the mean residence times for various administration routes. Pronounced elimination in the lung and liver was observed in the absence of captopril. Pulmonary metabolism was completely depressed in the presence of captopril while the hepatic elimination was little affected. This suggests that the pulmonary elimination was entirely ascribed to ACE while there exists an alternative elimination process in the liver. The mean cardiopulmonary transit time was very short, indicating the pulmonary elimination of HHL may take place on the surface of the vascular endothelium. The evaluation of the pulmonary elimination of HHL described in this paper indicates a simple in vivo method for assessing the pharmacological effect of ACE inhibitors. The present pharmacokinetic approach will be useful for the quantification of drug disposition in individual organs in vivo.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[Clinical significance of peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets to herpes simplex keratitis].

The peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets in 52 patients with herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) were assessed with monoclonal antibodies. There was marked decrease in WuT3+ and WuT4+, and increase in WuT8+ with consequent diminution of WuT4+/WuT8+ ratio in stromal HSK, while in superficial HSK the above cell counts differed insignificantly from those of the normal controls. These findings suggested that there was immunoregulatory aberration in cases of stromal HSK. After clinical cure by antiviral agents and herpes simplex vaccine or interferon, these immunologic indexes showed no corresponding amelioration, indicating that the recurrence of HSK was probably related to the immunofunction of the host.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[The kinetics of plasma coagulation fibrinolysis levels in acute myocardial infarction before and after treatment with intravenous urokinase].

The levels of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) and other substances of coagulation-fibrinolysis, such as fibronectin (Fn) and von willebrand factor (vWF) as well as the activity content of antithrombin-III(AT-III) in plasma were determined in 20 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In 11 of them these measurements were carried out before and after the treatment with urokinase (UK1000 000 IU). The results suggested that the function of coagulation-fibrinolytic system was disturbed in AMI. Thrombolytic treatment with UK could interfere and improve the stabilization of fibrinolytic activity in the body, but these actions last only short time. Some substances of coagulation showed change with UK treatment.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

Importance of tumor affinity of nitroazoles in hypoxic radiosensitization.

In vitro and in vivo sensitizing activities of a variety of nitroazole derivatives including misonidazole (MISO), SR-2508, and RSU-1069 were correlated by the aid of pharmacokinetic measurements of the drug uptake in animal solid tumors. The sensitizer enhancement ratio in vivo (SERvivo) on solid tumors increased linearly with the square root of administrated dose (Ds). The specific activity (A) in vivo of nitroazoles was evaluated from the square-root empirical relationship, SERvivo = 1.00 + A D1/2S. The intratumor concentration of nitroazoles at a given time t after administration was in proportion to the DS, in which the proportional constant was defined as the tumor-affinity factor FT,t. The absolute molar activity alpha M defined by A(M/FT,t)1/2, where M is the molecular weight of nitroazoles, showed a linear relationship with the SER in vitro (SERvitro) at 1 mM of sensitizers. The sensitizer dose required to achieve an SERvivo of 1.5 (DS,1.5) decreased and thus the overall sensitizing efficiency on animal solid tumors increased as the FT,t became greater.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Activity of the red-cell C3b receptor and the circulating immuno-complex in patients of herpes simplex keratitis].

The activity of red-cell C3b receptor and the level of circulating immuno-complex in 35 cases of herpes simplex stromal keratitis were determined, with the results that during the stage of acute attack, the former was significantly lowered, while the level of the latter became markedly higher than that of the controls, and after treatment, the indicators returned to normal values. There was a negative correlation between the red-cell C3b receptor activity and the circulating immuno-complex in serum, indicating that the immuno-function of red-cells in patients with herpes simplex stromal keratitis was impaired and the depression of red-cell C3b receptor activity was one of the reasons for the elevated concentration of circulating immuno-complex in serum.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988

A preliminary study of the changes in the direct-acting mutagenicities of several nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons after exposure under sunlight.

Five commercially available nitropolyclyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAH), namely, 4-nitrobiphenyl, 2-nitrofluorene, 9-nitroanthracene, 1-nitropyrene, and 2,7-dinitrofluorene, were exposed under restricted sunlight in the open air. The direct-acting mutagenicities of the samples after an exposure of 45 days were measured in order to compare them with those of the original samples in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium bioassay. It was found that the mutagenicities of some nitro-PAH do not change significantly while the mutagenicities of others increase or decrease after exposure. A preliminary study of nitro-PAH reaction products after exposure using GC, GC/MS, and FT-IR is also reported.

Anthracenes↗

PubMed1986