PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Lallemant

Publications and source records attributed to Y Lallemant.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Oesophageal strictures after surgery (author's transl)].

Oesophageal strictures after surgery of all kinds on the oesophagus are the unusual but still relatively frequent. The underlying pathogenetic cause is peptic disease. The diagnosis is made by conventional rigid oesophagoscopy which also allows the stricture to be gauged and dilatation treatment to be starded. This dilatation constitutes the main basis of treatment. The surgical cure of the reflux from the stomach increase the efficacity of these dilatations, which should be done immediately after the postoperative period and continued for a long time. This procedure has allowed patients with gastrostomies, thought to be forever, to be closed. The case of strictures after oesophageal surgery is more complex. The etiological causes are varied. The strictures may be associated with and need to be distinguished from kinds and disorders of motility. They may be due to the original disease which continues to progress, or to the surgical technique. Curative treatment is always difficult. The solution is to prevent complications by discussion between the laryngologist and the surgeon before operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Chondronecrosis of the cricoid after prolonged intubation (author's transl)].

On the basis of 4 cases of partial chondronecrosis of the cricoid after prolonged intubation, the authors review the literature which contains very few similar cases. With regard to pathogenesis, in the light of experimental studies and clinical findings, they emphasize the importance of two lesional factors: excessive diameter of the intubation tube and excessive deflection of the patients' head. All of these factors increase the pressure applied by the tube to the region inferior to the posterior commissure. These parameters would appear to be more important than the duration of intubation itself. The prognosis of these lesions is related to the extent of necrosis: poor when the latter involves the major part of the chaton, generally good when it is limited to partial lysis of the cartilage which may be associated with arytenoid sequestration. Calibration procedures were used in each case. It should be borne in mind that such methods are inadequate for the treatment of massive chondronecrosis which requires repeated operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[The management of corrosive oesophagitis (author's transl)].

Regardless of the treatment used against corrosive oesophagitis, the laryngologist must play a role from the beginning and throughout the course. The fibroblasts and collagen fibres which results are the natural agents of healing but, at the same time, are responsible for virtually inexorable stenosis if the corrosion has passed through to the muscular layers. Infection is constant and contributes to stenosis. The effectiveness of antibiotics is certain. They must be used from the beginning and continued for as long as necessary. As far as fibroiss is concerned, dilatations remain the basic treatment, their application requiring great experience and much patience and tenacity. Replacement surgery is attractive. It comes up against the stenosing perioesophageal inflammatory process which tends to die down in time but remains active for a long period. The nENT specialist must therefore pay careful attention from the very end of the postoperative period onwards. The gravity of oesophageal burns justifies intensification of preventive measures. Since it impossible to complete eliminate corrosive oesophagitis, efforts must be directed towards the discovery of substances capable of inhibiting collagen synthesis. Corticosteroids used in the treatment of shock do not prevent stenosis. In the laboratory, B.A.P.N. has shown its effectiveness in the rat. Also in the rat, particularly difficult experiments are in progress using penicillinamine. Although such methods have as yet to be extended to human clinical use, there are nevertheless grounds for hope.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1978

[Preventive treatment in caustic stenosis of the oesophagus (author's transl)].

The authors review the varioux forms of treatment used experimentally and clinically in an attempt to prevent oesophageal stenosis following ingestion of caustic substances. Corticosteroid therapy is still used by certain authors though its effectiveness is far from obvious. However, promising results have been obtained experimentally using substances such as amino-nitriles, which alter the properties of newly formed collagen.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗