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Biomedical subjects

Y Levet

Publications and source records attributed to Y Levet.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Posterior pedicle: anatomoclinical concept of mammaplasty].

The classical inferior pedicle is actually a posterior pedicle. It is vascularized by means of the pectoral muscle and fascia, as has been demonstrated by injection studies of the thoracoacromial artery in fresh cadavers. The resulting mammary dissection as an anatomo surgical concept is nowadays employed in numerous mammary techniques and particularly in the majority of the peri areolar techniques as well as in reduction techniques with vertical scars.

Arteries↗
PubMed1990

The pure posterior pedicle procedure for breast reduction.

The inferior pedicle technique, which has already become classic, employs a glandular areola-bearing pedicle whose source of vascularization is primarily posterior. In fact, the inferior pedicle is a posterior pedicle with an inferior border. After systematically and progressively reducing this inferior border, I have completely eliminated it. The pure posterior pedicle that results is independent of the inframammary fold. It is vascularized by means of the pectoral muscle and fascia, as has been demonstrated by injection studies of the thoracoacromial artery in fresh cadavers. The resulting mammary reduction technique retains the advantages of the inferior pedicle technique while avoiding its major inconveniences: dependence on the inframammary fold, bulging at the inferior base of the pedicle, and the necessity of low positioning for the breast.

Breast↗
PubMed1987

Subfascial lifting.

The authors demonstrate by anatomical dissection that inaccuracies made by classical anatomists have worried plastic surgeons for many years. They demonstrate that continuity between the parotid fascia and the fibrous platysma has not been recognized. In addition, anatomists in the past have not been aware that the platysma is a unique type of fasciomuscular layer because in contrast to conventional anatomical opinions, the platysma has no bony attachment to the mandible.

Face↗
PubMed1987

Comparative anatomy of cutaneous muscles of the face.

Comparative anatomical studies of monkeys, apes, and humans have clarified essential factors involved in the structure of the cutaneous muscles of the face. Among the findings are that the platysma muscle is a very important entity because it is the only muscle without any bony attachments. In addition, the platysma is a fan-shaped structure that has been divided artificially by classical anatomists into five elements. The parotid fascia forms part of this fan-shaped fibromuscular structure and is not of the deep fascia. As such, these findings require a revision of the classical anatomical concepts of the parotid space.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Use of polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex E-PTFE Soft Tissue Patch) for suspension of former facial paralysis and as reconstructive tissue].

The insertion of autogenous fascia lata to suspend the paralyzed cheek and lips remains one of the most widely practiced procedures in correction of long term paralysis of the lower facial muscles. For 34 months we used thin layers (1 mm) of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (E-PTFE Gore-Tex Soft Tissue Patch) to replace autogenous fascia lata, in 20 patients, with satisfactory results. 13 patients were treated by classical techniques of insertion-suspensions of the paralyzed side with a perioral loop and slings of PTFE suspended to the zygomatic arch and the infraorbital rim, by way of nasolabial angle or rhytidectomy incisions. In 7 patients, an eyelid suspension was performed with PTFE by Arion's technique, but by replacing the classical silicon thread by E-PTFE and transposing the medial part of the temporalis muscle on the external canthus, and fixing the lateral end of the sling to the muscle. This technique assures a good corneal coverage with healing of the previous ulceration and allows a voluntary occlusion of the eyelids. The PTFE soft tissue is notably successful as an implant. This biocompatible material shows excellent tissue tolerance, the porous microstructure encouraging tissue attachment and infiltration. E-PTFE holds its shape, resists to infection, and permits a notably reduction of the hospitalization because it avoids a second surgical site. We have experience of the material as a reconstructive substance in 6 cases of either bone or subcutaneous deficits, where no other satisfactory solution was available. Is these cases our follow-up is 18 months.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1986

[Nasal reconstruction using the Converse frontal flap or a Washio retroauricular flap. Technical notes].

14 cases of nasal reconstruction by the Converse Scalping Flap or the Washio Temporo-auricular flap technique, over three years, led us to point out details necessary to insure the quality of the results. In particular, the Converse Flap must be thin; it never needs bone neither cartilage reinforcement when used in reconstructions of the two inferior third of the nose. The pedicle weaning method described allows the replacement of the scalp on thirteenth day. New data for the Washio technique are as following: --The mastoidian skin and not the retro-auricular skin must be used; --The back-cut of the scalp follows the AC line dating from three fixed points: A = helix root B = end of incision on the frontal hairline vertically to the fronto-orbital suture, and AB = AC = BC. This new data seem to warrant the fiability of the Washio flap, however the latter cannot dethrone the Converse flap, king flap of medio-facial reconstructions.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Parotid fascia and face lifting: a critical evaluation of the SMAS concept.

Classical anatomists were mistaken in their description of the parotid and masseteric regions. According to their description, the fascia superficialis (or SMAS) would be in continuity with the platysma. Data from fresh cadaver dissections, histology, and embryology indicate, on the contrary, that it is the parotid fascia, which is continuous with the platysma. Comparative anatomy provides further confirmatory evidence, demonstrating that the parotid fascia is only the uppermost part of a muscle that has undergone fibrous degeneration. This muscle is the "primitive" platysma. In consequence, the sub-SMAS dissection plane is too superficial and creates a purely fatty flap. Conversely, deep dissection below the parotid fascia (and therefore below the primitive platysma) respects the true anatomic features and guarantees the solidity of the flap and the safety of the facial nerve.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[The parotid fascia].

The parotid fascia is not the superficial layer of the investing layer of the cervical fascia. The dissection of 21 cadavers, the histological studies and the compared anatomy of 3 apes show that the parotid gland lies between the platysma muscle on the lateral side and the superficial layer of the cervical fascia on the medial side. The upper part of the platysma, large muscle in apes, has regressed as a fibrosis layer in man.

Adult↗