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Biomedical subjects

Y Lieberman

Publications and source records attributed to Y Lieberman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

The genetics and molecular structure of the Drosophila pair-rule gene odd Oz (odz).

Null alleles of the odz pair-rule gene have been generated as small Deficiency chromosome mutations. The true null phenotype of odz in segmentation is now seen to be very similar to that originally characterized, with each odd segment removed. No other previously isolated mutations in the genomic region proved allelic to odz. The generated Deficiencies covering the odz locus and immediately surrounding regions do not cover any other gene tested from that region. The entire odz gene has been cloned and mapped, and represents more than 120 kb of genomic DNA. The gene has been sequenced, except for two very large introns. Analysis of the upstream control region of the gene indicates the presence of a large number of putative binding sites for transcription factors that direct relevant developmentally regulated gene transcription.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Superior vena cava syndrome associated with lymphoma.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the workup and treatment of children with lymphoma and superior vena cava syndrome. DESIGN: A retrospective survey. SETTING: State hospital serving as a secondary and tertiary referral center for pediatric oncology and pediatric cardiac surgery. PARTICIPANTS: Eleven children aged 11 months to 12 years diagnosed as having lymphoma or T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia who presented with superior vena cava syndrome during an 11-year period. INTERVENTIONS: Lymph node biopsy (two patients), thoracenthesis (five patients), bone marrow aspiration (two patients), and thoracenthesis in addition to bone marrow aspiration (two patients). All aspirates were evaluated with immunohistochemical studies. Chemotherapy was the only management intervention. RESULTS: T-cell lymphoma or leukemia accounted for nine cases and Hodgkin's disease for two cases. Respiratory symptoms occurred in 10 patients, including tracheal compression in six patients (compression was life-threatening in one patient). Diagnosis of superior vena cava syndrome was achieved in eight patients using surface-marker analysis of aspirates. The syndrome disappeared within 2 to 10 days. Seven of nine children whose conditions were diagnosed more than 1 year before this writing were alive and free of disease after mean follow-up of 37 months. CONCLUSIONS: (1) A specific diagnosis can be achieved in most children with superior vena cava syndrome and lymphoma; (2) Thoracic computed tomographic scans are essential, identifying minute pleural effusions that can aid diagnosis; (3) Anesthetic hazard is related only to severe tracheal compression; (4) Chemotherapy achieves excellent symptomatic relief; and (5) Long-term survival, without disease, is achievable.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Fibrothorax associated with a ventriculopleural shunt in a hydrocephalic child.

Ventriculopleural (VPL) shunts are considered a safe alternative to peritoneal shunts in the management of hydrocephalus. Occasionally, however, they are associated with persistent pleural effusion. We report a child, aged 3 1/2 years, who developed severe fibrothorax following the use of a VPL shunt. The shunt was removed and decortication had to be performed to alleviate his respiratory symptoms. This serious complication, never reported previously, should be borne in mind when the pleural cavity is chosen for deviation of the cerebrospinal fluid in hydrocephalic children.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts↗
PubMed1992

Penetrating thoracic wounds caused by plastic bullets.

Thoracic penetrating injuries caused by a new plastic bullet were studied to determine the nature of the wounds and the appropriate management. Twenty-six casualties from the Israeli-Palestinian conflict (Intifada) were included. The organs most commonly involved were lung (n = 21), bony chest wall (n = 9), heart (n = 3), and diaphragm. Bleeding was at least moderate in 20 patients, amounting in all patients to an average of 975 ml. Thoracotomy was required in 11 patients (42%) mainly because of cardiac injury (n = 3) and aortic or other arterial bleeding (n = 3). Simple oversewing of severed organs (n = 8) or ligation of bleeding vessels (n = 3) was satisfactory. Two patients died (7.7% mortality); one after major liver resection; the other was dead on arrival. We conclude that plastic bullets have a linear course unless displaced by the bony chest wall, when they tend to fragment and cause simple fractures. Fired from a presumed range of at least 70 m, plastic bullets behave like low-velocity missiles, and tissue destruction is minimal. Management should be similar to that of civilian thoracic penetrating trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Postoperative unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis in children, a plea for early plication.

Unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis (UDP) is not an uncommon occurrence after cardiovascular operations. Its incidence in the pediatric age group is at least 1.5%, and severely symptomatic (for example: requiring mechanical ventilation) patients account for about one third of the cases. We have encountered four such cases among 850 children (0.5%) undergoing cardiovascular procedures, and have treated two additional patients. All required prolonged intubation and mechanical ventilation. Diaphragmatic plication in five was performed rather late in the course of their illness, after 21-120 days mechanical ventilation, and was successful in three who survived, allowing weaning from ventilation within 3-6 days. The procedure itself is simple and safe. We recommend that diaphragmatic plication be performed early in children with UDP and weaning difficulties.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Penetration of ofloxacin into human lung tissue following a single oral dose of 200 milligrams.

The penetration of ofloxacin into lung tissue was studied in 10 patients subjected to pulmonary surgery. Samples of blood and lung tissue were obtained 3 to 8 h (mean, 5 h) after oral administration of 200 mg. The mean level in tissue was 2.17 +/- 0.5 micrograms/g, while the mean level in serum was 0.85 +/- 0.23 micrograms/ml. The mean lung tissue/serum concentration ratio was 2.55 +/- 0.30. The achievable levels of ofloxacin in lung tissue are above the MICs for most pulmonary pathogens.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Radiation associated malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma of epithelial type developed in a 24 year old woman, 20 years after radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease. This case and a review of published cases indicate that radiation may induce malignant mesothelioma.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Familial multiple bilateral pneumothorax associated with Marfan syndrome.

Three members of one family, a father and two sons, inflicted with Marfan syndrome, suffered multiple bilateral episodes of spontaneous pneumothorax that required repeated drainage procedures. The youngest patient also had an episode of unilateral expansion pulmonary edema; he underwent sequential pleural abrasions. Familial pneumothorax is very uncommon, and its association with Marfan syndrome is an exception.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Diffuse lymphangioma with intrathoracic involvement.

A case of a young girl with oligosymptomatic multiple cystic lesions of the chest is presented. The chest lesions were found on routine chest X-ray when she was admitted because of meningococcal meningitis. As the lesions increased in size, surgery was performed; the operative specimens were identified as lymphangioma. This is a rare disorder, which presents difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. Its benign nature is challenged by its tendency to recur and the need for repeated operations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Superior vena cava syndrome. The myth--the facts.

This retrospective review was performed with an intent to clarify several misconceptions associated with superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS). During a 16-yr period, we diagnosed and treated 63 patients with SVCS, including seven (11%) children younger than 10 yr of age. Thirty patients (47.6%) had bronchogenic carcinoma, and 13 (20.6%) had lymphoma. In 43 cases SVCS was the presenting symptom of a mediastinal condition. Forty-one patients underwent diagnostic procedures with no major complications, and diagnosis was obtained in 36. Only six patients had surgical treatment, and 45 had radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or both. There was no mortality associated directly with venous congestion. Symptomatic relief occurred in 80% of treated patients. We conclude that: (1) SVCS per se should not be feared (symptomatic relief is the rule), (2) accurate diagnosis can be achieved with minimal morbidity, and (3) the versatile underlying etiology dictates the outcome that can be improved with appropriate therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Localized fibrous mesothelioma of the mediastinum devoid of pleural connections.

Localized fibrous mesothelioma of the pleura is an uncommon neoplasm. Very rarely (there have been three previous cases) it may occur as an isolated mediastinal tumour. Such a tumour was present for at least 3 years in a 47 year old man, causing shortness of breath and superior vena cava syndrome. A mass weighing over 600 g was completely resected through a median sternotomy. The pertinent literature is reviewed.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Osteoblastoma of the sternum.

Osteoblastoma has become a well defined bone tumor since its first description by Jaffe and Mayer in 1932. This tumor was considered to occur in almost any bone of the skeleton. Only one previous case of sternal osteoblastoma was described in the literature. Herein we report, as far as we know, the second reported case of osteoblastoma in the sternum, as an isolated tumor.

Adult↗