PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y M Olumide

Publications and source records attributed to Y M Olumide.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Seroprevalence study of HIV-I, HIV-II and HTLV-I among patients at the Dermato-Venereology Clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital.

BACKGROUND: Seroprevalence studies of HIV-I and HIV-II that have been reported in Nigeria were among commercial sex workers and blood donors. There are no data from STD patients and dermatologic patients. METHODS: A seroprevalence study of HIV-I, HIV-II and HTLV-I was prospectively conducted among STD clinic attendees and among patients with dermatoses which have been linked with HIV disease. The studies were done in 1992 and 1994. RESULTS: Some patients had more than one seropositive type. In 1992, the percentages of seropositive results to HIV-I, HIV-II and HTLV-I were 31, 19 and 50, respectively, and in 1994 the percentages of HIV-I and HTLV-I were 65 and 35, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Patients should be routinely screened for HTLV-I, in addition to HIV-I and HIV-II, among blood donors and also neurology clinic attendees in Nigeria. They should also be screened for retroviral infections when they present with dermatoses clinically suggestive of papular urticaria, onchodermatitis, or papulonecrotic tuberculids.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

An approach to the patient with skin disease.

We practise an integrated approach to the management of skin diseases, leprosy and sexually transmitted diseases because the latter diseases are still stigmatized and patients are unwilling to attend clinics so labelled. When approached by a patient with skin disease it is advisable to see the patient promptly, because any further delay encourages the use of assorted remedies which may lead to undesirable complications, physically, emotionally and financially. Since there is no health insurance scheme, it is also prudent to manage the patient as much as possible without admission to hospital and with minimal laboratory investigations, to save cost, so that the patient still has sufficient money to buy the required drugs. Family health workers treat patients at the primary health care (PHC) level. At this level, patients are managed by the use of specially prepared standing orders (SO), where checklists and flow charts are grouped by problems or complaints, to facilitate usage by an individual with minimal training in morphology. The SO presents, so far as is possible, the best treatment available for each condition, but which cannot be misused by the primary health care personnel. Before discussing the management of individual diseases, it is important for the reader to appreciate the milieu in which we practise which determines our approach to the patient with skin disease. Some of its features will be highlighted before the management of individual disorders is discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Regional dermatoses in the African. Part I. Facial hypermelanosis.

Acquired facial hyperpigmentation is a common problem among African patients, particularly women, where the causes of the dermatoses are identified largely from circumstantial evidence of exposure to known agents. These include hydroquinone-induced exogenous ochronosis from skin-bleaching creams, mercury deposits from mercury-containing skin-lightening soaps and creams, sulfonamide-related drugs, antimalarials, fixed drug eruptions, clofazimine, and photosensitizing herbal concoctions. The differential diagnosis includes melasma and facial erythema ab igne (local cooks).

Africa↗
PubMed1990

Regional dermatoses in the African race. Papular lesions on the face.

Many diseases are peculiar to the black race and most practicing physicians in Africa have limited access to histopathologists, therefore, diagnosis is largely clinical. A retrospective study of 10,000 consecutive patients seen at the skin clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, was conducted with the objective of identifying the notable dermatoses affecting various parts of the body. The face and the shins were observed to have a very broad spectrum of dermatoses. Useful clinical descriptions of these dermatoses are highlighted in a three part paper to help practicing physicians.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cutaneous sarcoidosis in Nigeria.

The study is a retrospective analysis of the cutaneous manifestations of sarcoidosis in patients seen during a 10-year period at the skin and chest clinics of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. Of the 43 patients with sarcoidosis 30% had skin lesions. The most common was sarcoidal infiltration of scarification marks. Facial macropapular lesions also were frequently present.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Photodermatoses in Lagos.

Light-sensitive dermatoses do not constitute a major problem among the black people in Nigeria. In a 10-year study, only 64 cases (about 0.4% of all dermatologic patients) had light-sensitive dermatoses. Seven of the 10 patients with endogenous photodermatoses were albinos. Two patients with polymorphic light eruption were visiting Caucasians. Only one normally pigmented black Nigerian had xeroderma pigmentosum. Fifty-four patients had photodermatoses from exogenous causes, of which hydroquinone-induced exogenous ochronosis constituted the largest group of patients. Two women had estrogen-induced porphyria cutanea tarda.

Black People↗
PubMed1987

Generalized pruritus as a presenting symptom in Nigeria.

In a retrospective study of 4000 consecutive dermatologic patients seen at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital Skin Clinic, 268 patients (6.7%) had generalized pruritus without obvious skin diseases. Filariasis was responsible for the pruritus in 57% of these patients; 21% was bath-related pruritus, and the reasons for this were highlighted. In 6% of cases, pruritus was thought to be due to intolerance to environmental heat; 9.7% was due to miscellaneous causes. Pruritus from systemic diseases accounted for 3.7%. Causes for the pruritus were not elicited in 2.6% of the patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

The management of pyodermas.

With the rising cost of medical services, it was decided to reassess the relevance of routine bacteriology investigations to the management of the individual patient with pyoderma. In both prospective and retrospective studies, it was found that laboratory reports were simply confirmatory and did not contribute to the management of the individual patient. A call is made for physicians to continuously look for cheaper ways of managing patients without necessarily causing any disservice to the patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Contact dermatitis in Nigeria.

Nickel is the most important sensitizer in Lagos, with an incidence of 12.3% of 453 patients tested. There was no sex difference, as the wearing of necklaces and bracelets was equally fashionable among both sexes. Housewife eczema is not common, probably because of hardening. Dermatitis from additives in the processing of leather and rubber footwear was the next most common. Chromate sensitivity comes usually from leather or cement. Cultural and climatic factors are mainly responsible for differences in the incidence of contact dermatitis found in Lagos from other countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Pulmonary function and symptoms of Nigerian workers exposed to Carbon black in dry cell battery and tire factories.

The pulmonary function and symptoms of 125 workers exposed to carbon black in dry cell battery and tire manufacturing plants were investigated. There was no significant difference in the pulmonary function of the subjects in the two plants. There was good agreement in the symptoms reported in the two different factories: cough with phlegm production, tiredness, chest pain, catarrh, headache, and skin irritation. The symptoms also corroborate those reported in the few studies on the pulmonary effects of carbon black. The suspended particulate levels in the dry cell battery plant ranged from 25 to 34 mg/m3 and the subjects with the highest probable exposure level had the most impaired pulmonary function. The pulmonary function of the exposed subjects was significantly lower than that of a control, nonindustrially exposed population. The drop in the lung function from the expected value per year of age was relatively constant for all the study subgroups but the drop per year of duration of employment was more severe in the earlier years of employment. This study has underscored the need for occupational health regulations in the industries of developing countries.

Air↗
PubMed1983

Cutaneous implications of excessive heat in the work-place.

6 patients developed a rash while working in a dry battery manufacturing industry. Patch tests showed that clothing accounted for the dermatitis in 5 of the patients. One of them who worked with bitumen had an acneiform eruption and eye irritation. Environmental measurements indicated excessive environmental heat, sweating and maceration as predisposing factors for the development of clothing dermatitis in workers who wore dark coloured uniforms. The working posture also made the anterior abdominal wall highly vulnerable.

Clothing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The incidence of atopic dermatitis in Nigeria.

The incidence of atopic dermatitis among a recent group of 4000 consecutive dermatology patients was assessed; 3.1 percent of the patients had atopic dermatitis. The ratio of F:M was 1.3:1. Sixty-five percent gave family histories of atopic diathesis. Twenty-three percent of the patients were born and residing in temperate countries when the dermatitis started. Patients tend to report late because of widespread use of topical corticosteroid preparations. Secondary bacterial infections were common, and it is not advisable to avoid the use of soap in this environment.

Adolescent↗