Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Y M Xu.
A study of the chemical changes of phospholipid in crude and seven processed samples of Dioscorea opposita was carried out by molybdenum blue colorimetry and TLCS. The result shows that the total phospholipid content in the sample processed by honey bran comes out the highest (180.31 mg/100g).
We treated 5 patients with Cushing's disease by total adrenalectomy and left adrenal autotransplantation with attached blood vessels. An end-to-end vascular anastomosis was made between the adrenal central vein and the inferior epigastric artery, and the saphenous vein and adrenal middle artery were anastomosed by intussuscepting the artery into the vein in 4 patients. Steroid replacement was withdrawn 7 to 90 days after bilateral total adrenalectomy. The patients were followed for 1 to 4 years. Repeated measurement of plasma cortisol, 24-hour urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroid and 17-ketosteroid levels in all cases was normal. As soon as the adrenal central vein and inferior epigastric artery were anastomosed part of the adrenal gland was then excised. Oozing of blood from the cut surface was retained and the adrenal gland was then embedded into the inguinal muscle in 1 patient. Small doses of steroid replacement (12.5 mg. cortisone per day) were still necessary 1 year postoperatively. The result thus indicates that this procedure is feasible and valuable for the treatment of patients with Cushing's disease and no evidence of pituitary adenoma on magnetic resonance imaging or computerized tomography.
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In this paper, circular dichroism (CD), sector projection and reverse octant rule projection of four diterpenoid dilactones and five tylophorines (two of them, 6, 8, are new compounds) are reported in which reverse octant rule projection is the first application to the configuration determination of diterpenoid dilactone. By using these rules, the predicted Cotton effects of these compounds coincided with the result of previous determinations, so, their absolute configurations are assigned.
Laser Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the microcosmic and photosensitive damage of YHPD to lysozyme, of which the three-dimensional structure has been elucidated. The experimental results shown by various damages of the main-chain and side-chain of lysozyme are as follows: (i) Phe and Cys are also damaged by photosensitization of YHPD, except for Trp, Tyr, Met, 1/2Cys and His; (ii) the order of the photosensitized sensitivity of various groups of these amino acids have been described; (iii) Trp and Tyr buried in the three-dimensional structure of the protein are damaged very greatly, and (iv) the main-chain conformation of the protein has changed considerably, such as a decrease in orderly structure (alpha-helix, beta-sheet and beta-turn) and a simultaneous increase in random
We treated 80 patients with recurrent chyluria (68 men and 12 women) by a microsurgical technique since 1978. Transinguinal spermatic lymphangiovenous anastomosis was performed in 64 patients and inguinal lymph node-saphenous vein anastomosis was performed in 16. Followup was 6 months to 11 years in 50 of the former and 12 of the latter patients. Chyluria disappeared completely in 30 (60%) and 8 (66.7%) patients, respectively. In 6 of the former patients (12%) chyluria had disappeared immediately after the operation but it recurred within 1.5 to 3 years. The procedure has the advantage of a superficial operative field, and is simple and less traumatic.
In order to study the relationship between daily consumption of mouldy food and the incidence of oesophageal cancer, we examined the mutagenicity of Alternaria alternata and Penicillium cyclopium, which seriously contaminate grain in Linxian county, China. We first examined extracts of cultured strains of A. alternata. In the reverse mutation test, positive results were obtained in 85% of strains; positive results were seen in 84% of 19/20 strains in the rec assay. Eight of ten strains induced sister chromatid exchange, and two of eight strains induced chromatid breaks. Six of seven strains induced unscheduled DNA synthesis and DNA synthesis inhibition. One extract induced a higher frequency of sister chromatid exchange in lymphocytes from normal persons than in those from patients with oesophageal cancer, and the spontaneous break-points in patients were related to fragile sites and neoplasia-associated break-points. The toxins alternariol and its monomethyl ether, produced by A. alternata, were examined in the reverse mutation assay and for unscheduled DNA synthesis. The results were similar to those obtained with extracts of the different strains. Alternariol had a four to eight times greater effect than its monomethyl ether. Of 24 strains of P. cyclopium isolated from cereals in Linxian, four were cultured with rice and 19 in Raulin-Thom medium. Cultures in Raulin-Thorn medium, solution and hyphae were then extracted. The strains cultured with rice induced sister chromatid exchange, unscheduled DNA synthesis and DNA synthesis inhibition. The solution extracts of 14 strains were positive in the rec assay, and five strains were positive in the reverse mutation test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Although it is uncertain whether fungi can produce the mycotoxins that induce oesophageal cancer, the tumorigenicity of fungi isolated from grain in an area of high incidence of oesophageal cancer has been confirmed. Alternaria alternata is a fungus of importance in this respect. The contamination rate with A. alternata in corn from areas of high morbidity from oesophageal cancer is higher than that in low-morbidity areas. Extracts of A. alternata induced reverse mutation in Escherichia coli, unscheduled DNA synthesis in cultured human amnion FL cells, chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchange in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, mutation in V79 cells and transformation of NIH3T3 cells. Alternariol methyl ether, which is an active compound produced by this fungus, also induced transformation of NIH3T3 cells, and the transformed cells grew in soft agar and were tumorigenic in nude mice. Food mildewed by this fungus induced forestomach tumours in rats. Thus, (i) A. alternata is tumorigenic, (ii) it has been isolated from corn in an area of high incidence of oesophageal cancer, and (iii) contamination with A. alternata in the area of high incidence is higher than that in the area of low incidence. We therefore believe that A. alternata is one of the causes of human oesophageal cancer.
A cohort of 41 New Zealand White rabbits, 35 to 60 days old, from twelve litters were followed for twelve weeks for development of pasteurellosis. Eleven of 19 rabbits in five litters acquired Pasteurella multocida infection. The incubation period was difficult to determine as P. multocida infection was detected both before and after the onset of rhinitis. The response of rabbits to infection varied from subclinical infection to death from systemic pasteurellosis. Atrophy of the maxilloturbinates of the nares was detected in rabbits with chronic rhinitis associated with P. multocida infection.
Polysaccharides extracted from the root of Isatis indigotica (IIP, 50 mg/kg.d, ipx8d) significantly increased the weight of spleen and number of white blood cell and lymphocyte in peripheral blood in normal ICR mice, and antagonized the immunosuppressive actions of hydrocortisone. There were marked potentiating effects on delayed hypersensitivity reaction induced by 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene in normal NIH mice treated with IIP as well as in immunodepressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide. By administration of IIP, the percentage of ANAE+ lymphocytes stained with acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase method were significantly increased in peripheral blood of normal ICR mice, and the decreases in number of ANAE+ lymphocytes in mice induced by hydrocortisone were prevented to a certain extent. But IIP could not enhance Con A-induced lymphocyte proliferation of C57BL mouse spleen cells in vitro measured with MTT colorimetric assay. In addition, the plaque forming cells in 5 x 10(6) splenocytes of NIH mice treated with IIP were higher than that of the control group (P less than 0.01). IIP could also elevate the clearance rate of intra-venous charcoal particles in normal mice, i.e., stimulated the phagocytic activity of macrophages. The result indicates that IIP is capable of increasing humoral and cellular immune functions and enhancing the functions of reticuloendothelial system, and might be a good immunopotentiator.
Microsurgical techniques were carried out in reanastomosis of the vas deferens, autotransplantation and replantation of the testis, adrenal autotransplantation with attached blood vessels, anastomosis between the internal spermatic lymphatic vessel and vein, and internal spermatic venous diversion. Double-layer and single-layer anastomosis were adopted in vasovasostomy. It was observed that the former technique seemed a little better but the difference was not statistically significant in regard to the patency and pregnancy rate (P greater than 0.05). Testicular autotransplantations were carried out in two cases, each with bilateral cryptorchism and they were both adults at the time of operation. Postoperative follow-up turned out that spermatogenesis didn't happen. Replantation of a testis was applied to a case with complete traumatic severance of both funiculi within the scrotum. The patient regained his normal endocrine and spermatogenetic functions postoperatively. The techniques of adrenal autotransplantation with attached blood vessels and that of the anastomosis between lymphatic vessel and vein are discussed.
A case of Cushing's disease was treated successfully by staged total adrenalectomy, left adrenal autotransplantation with the attached blood vessels and pituitary irradiation. In the first stage the left adrenal gland was removed with its attached blood vessels intact, and adrenal autotransplantation then was performed. An end-to-end anastomosis was made between the adrenal central vein and the right inferior epigastric artery. The anastomosis between the right saphenous vein and the adrenal middle artery was accomplished by intussuscepting the artery into the vein followed by suturing. The second stage operation was total right adrenalectomy. Steroid replacement therapy was stopped 7 days postoperatively and all laboratory studies were normal. Two months after total right adrenalectomy the patient had a sensation of facial fullness. Plasma cortisol and 24-hour urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroid levels were elevated. Part of the graft was excised with the patient under local anesthesia. The symptoms disappeared and the laboratory studies returned to normal. Pituitary irradiation was administered as supplementary treatment of Cushing's disease. This method for the treatment of Cushing's disease has proved feasible. The inguinal region is the optimal site for adrenal autotransplantation.
Thirty-three cases with clinical symptoms and signs suspecting prostatic cancer or other prostatic entities with abnormal ultrasonic reflection were diagnosed by transperineal prostatic biopsy guided by intrarectal ultrasonic probing. This procedure more accurate and safer than the conventional one. It seems quite useful clinically in the differential diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma, particularly the early cases from the other prostatic diseases.
Crystals in medical plants are classified into organic and inorganic according to their chemical components. This paper gives an account of the types, chemical compositions, appearances structures and existing ways in plant tissue and distribution patterns in plant kingdom of various kinds of crystals.
To our knowledge there has been no report to date of successful testis replantation after complete traumatic severance of the funiculus within the scrotum. We report a case in which both funiculi were cut completely (one of which was severed 0.8 cm. proximal to the upper pole of the testis, and the other just at the junction of the funiculus and the testis). We successfully rejoined the testis with the funicular stump to the proximal cut end of the right side using a microsurgical technique. The total ischemia period of the replanted testis was 6 hours. The penis was erect 4 days postoperatively and blood testosterone level was within the normal range. At testicular biopsy 120 days postoperatively the germ cells could be seen in various stages of development and the appearance of the Leydig cells was normal.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.