PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Makino

Publications and source records attributed to Y Makino.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of human apolactoferrin and monoferric and diferric lactoferrins.

A simple chromatographic separation of the different molecular forms of human milk lactoferrin according to their iron contents is described. The appropriate conditions were developed with a Mono-S cation-exchange column linked to an automated Urtrochrom GTi system. The pure lactoferrin with different iron binding (apolactoferrin, monoferric lactoferrin and diferric lactoferrin) separated into three peaks. The three peaks were eluted from the Mono-S column with 0.88, 0.97 and 1.05 M sodium chloride in 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.0).

Apoproteins↗
PubMed1992

Demonstration of a testis-specific trans-acting factor Tet-1 in vitro that binds to the promoter of the mouse protamine 1 gene.

We have established testis-specific in vitro transcription of the mouse protamine 1 (MP1) gene using rat testis nuclear extracts. Addition of testis nuclear extracts to brain extracts enhanced transcription from the MP1 upstream sequence-carrying adenovirus major late promoter. Moreover, the MP1 upstream region from positions -92 to -41 alone exhibited transcriptional activation in a tissue-specific manner. DNase I footprinting demonstrated the presence of a DNA-binding factor around position -60 (Tet-1) in testis nuclear extracts, but not in other tissues. Gel shift analysis also revealed the presence of testis-specific Tet-1. Since mutational analysis in transcriptional and binding assays demonstrates that the Tet-1 site is responsible for transcriptional activation, we suggest that Tet-1 is a novel tissue-specific trans-acting factor. The Tet-1-recognizing sequence was delineated to the 11-mer TGACTTCATAA at position -64. Although the first 8-mer in the Tet-1 11-mer shares homology with the cyclic AMP-responsive element, Tet-1 is demonstrated to be distinct from known cAMP-responsive element-binding factors.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1992

Prolonged survival of rat hepatic allografts after total-body irradiation of the donors.

The effect of total-body irradiation of the donor on hepatic allograft survival was studied in the rat, with ACI(RT1a) as the donor and LEW(RT1(1)) as the recipient. LEW recipients of ACI liver transplants experienced severe acute rejection, with a mean survival of only 10.2 +/- 0.3 days. The doses of irradiation were 450, 750, and 1000 rads administered 24 hr prior to harvesting or subsequent transplantation. TBI with a dose of 750 rads significantly prolonged the survival of the hepatic allograft to 30.3 +/- 1.7 days, without concomitant immunosuppression. However, neither 450 rads nor 1000 rads of TBI resulted in successful suppression of graft rejection. TBI appeared to have a beneficial effect on hepatic allograft survival and to have no deleterious effect on isograft survival, suggesting a possible modulation of the immunogenicity of the donor organ. Although the cause of this beneficial effect is not clear, TBI with a dose of 750 rads 24 hr prior to organ harvest seems to be optimal to eliminate-antigen presenting cells in the donor organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

The time course of cell-mediated lympholysis in rat hepatic allograft recipients pretreated with a single donor-specific blood transfusion.

A single intravenous injection of 1 ml freshly heparinized donor blood seven days before transplantation significantly prolonged the survival of subsequent donor-specific hepatic allografts in the fully allogeneic ACI(RT1a-to-LEW(RT1l)) rat combination. The time course of cell-mediated lympholysis was studied in this animal model. The activity of CML in lymphocytes infiltrating into the hepatic allograft (CML-G) and in the spleen (CML-S) was determined by measuring % lysis of donor Con A blast cervical lymph node cells. Preoperative DST resulted in an increased activity of CML-S with a peak (31.6%, E/T = 150) on day 7. This increased CML-S activity after DST rapidly declined during the first days following hepatic transplantation. The activities of both CML-S and CML-G then increased after transplantation and reached peaks on days 15 (48%, E/T = 150) and 20 (2.57%, E/T = 75), respectively. These were much higher than the peak values of CML-S (11.2%, E/T = 150) on day 7 and CML-G (19.5%, E/T = 75) on day 6 in untreated controls and were followed by a subsequent gradual decrease in those activities to preoperative levels by day 113 posttransplant. Phenotypic analysis of lymphocytes infiltrating grafts in DST-treated hosts demonstrated that the CD4/CD8 ratio remained relatively constant (less than 1.0). While the ratio in control grafts increased and reached a peak (2.17) on day 9. Histological examination revealed that mononuclear cell infiltration of grafts reached a peak on day 9 in both DST-treated hosts and controls. This mononuclear cell accumulation gradually subsided in DST-enhanced grafts. The mitotic index of graft hepatocytes reached a peak on day 15 in DST-treated hosts and on day 7 in control. The evidence of prolonged survival of hepatic grafts in recipients pretreated with DST, despite the presence of cytotoxic T cells with increased CML activity in vitro, suggests that effector cytotoxic cell activity may not be necessary for rat liver allograft rejection and that there may be limitations in measuring host cytotoxic activity simply by CML assays.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Quantitative analysis of activated Kupffer cells in viral hepatitis: application of computer image analysis for lectin histochemistry.

Lectin histochemistry revealed that Kupffer cells in the normal liver bound lectins such as Concanavalin A (Con A), Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA) and Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), but did not bind Peanut agglutinin (PNA), Dolichos fibflorus agglutinin (DBA), Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA-I) or Soybean agglutinin (SBA). Kupffer cells in viral liver diseases, however, bound the PNA lectin and the binding was specific to Kupffer cells in liver parenchyma. Computer image analysis was performed using light micrographs of sections stained with immunoperoxidase and diaminobenzidine (DAB). The dark brown area of reaction products was detected by analyzing each color component (red, green and blue) in the picture and was expressed as the percent area in the parenchyma. Quantitative analysis revealed the percent area occupied by Kupffer cells positive for the PNA lectin was as follows: acute hepatitis, 2.83 +/- 0.74; chronic persistent hepatitis, 2.51 +/- 0.88; chronic aggressive hepatitis, activity moderate and severe, 4.71 +/- 2.23 and 3.45 +/- 1.84; and liver cirrhosis, 1.96 +/- 0.99. The percent area of Kupffer cells was significantly higher in CAH2A than that in chronic persistent hepatitis or in liver cirrhosis. These results suggest that the PNA lectin could be used as a marker for activated Kupffer cells and that activated Kupffer cells were increased in volume in chronic aggressive hepatitis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1992

Study on chronic renal injuries induced by carbon tetrachloride: selective inhibition of the nephrotoxicity by irradiation.

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was intraperitoneally injected into Balb/c mice 4 times at biweekly intervals, and the morphological changes of the liver and kidney were examined during 12 weeks after the last injection. The renal injuries progressed in spite of cessation of CCl4 treatment; microcysts with tubular-cell degeneration were manifest on day 42 after the last injection of CCl4. At the end of the experiment, however, interstitial fibrosis with inflammatory cell infiltration was much more prominent. Glomerular changes with IgG deposits also developed following the tubulointerstitial changes. The CCl4 treatment induced liver damage as well, but it promptly subsided without formation of cirrhosis. The CCl4 nephrotoxicity was completely inhibited by whole body irradiation (200 rad) exposed at each injection of CCl4. In contrast, the hepatic damage was not changed by irradiation. These results seem to indicate etiologic independence of renal and hepatic events induced by CCl4 treatment. It is also suggested that chronic CCl4 nephrotoxicity is mediated, at least in part, by radiosensitive responses of the mice themselves.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

In vitro monitoring activation by the ligands and specific DNA-binding of the glucocorticoid receptors.

The glucocorticoid receptor is a member of the steroid and thyroid hormone receptor superfamily and acts as a ligand-activated transcription factor. To reconstitute the molecular mechanisms underlying the cellular response to soluble receptor ligands, we have exploited a cell-free system that exhibits glucocorticoid-induced activation of the latent cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor to an active DNA-binding species. We demonstrate here that cytosol from a rat hepatoma cell, M1.19, contains glucocorticoid receptor-specific immunoreactivities and target DNA-binding activities. Moreover, specific DNA-binding activities of M1.19 cytosol were dose-dependently induced by dexamethasone treatment, and linearly correlated with the hormonal induction of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity at the corresponding concentrations. These results indicate that the cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor could be converted in a DNA-binding form under cell-free conditions and the ligand appears to play a crucial role in the direct control of the level of functional activity of a given ligand-receptor complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Isolation, purification, and characterization of an acidic protein in the cerebrospinal fluid of central nervous system disease.

Proteins from 21 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples (14 derived from neurological cases and 7 from normal individuals) and 15 serum samples (11 from neurological cases and 4 from normal individuals) were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Protein mapping revealed a very acidic protein (Ac-P) at about pH 3.5 in the 71% of CSF samples from neurological cases. However, no serum sample contained Ac-P. Ac-P was isolated and purified, and determined to be a glycoprotein containing a large amount of carbohydrate, with molecular weight 42,000 and isoelectric point 2.7-3.3. The amino acid composition of Ac-P was consistent with alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), and Ac-P was responsive to a commercial anti-AGP antiserum in the radial immunodiffusion test. The known polymorphism of AGP suggests some differences in physicochemical properties such as molecular weight and isoelectric point between AGP in serum and in CSF. Quantitative analysis of Ac-P (AGP) and total protein levels in CSF showed a partial interdependence. Ac-P may be a useful marker for detecting a pathological conditions of the central nervous system.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Induction of tubular basement membrane (TBM) antigen specific suppressor T cells in BALB/c mice].

Transfer of tubular basement membrane (TBM)-primed thymocytes from BALB/c mice that had been immunized with allogeneic TBM antigen without adjuvant prevented the development of interstitial nephritis (IN) in recipient BALB/c mice that had been immunized with TBM antigen with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) to produce IN. TBM antigen was prepared from TBM of normal ddY mice (ddY TBM antigen). BALB/c mice were highly susceptible to IN and showed a high immune response to TBM antigen when they were immunized with TBM antigen in CFA. Development of IN in high responder BALB/c mice was clearly suppressed by transfer with ddY TBM-thymocytes. The anti-TBM antibody response and the proliferative response of splenic T cells to TBM antigen were also depressed by the transfer. The cell extract of ddY TBM-thymocytes had also suppressive activity on the development of IN and on the immune response to TBM antigen. This simple system without any adjuvant for inducing the thymocytes, which has strong suppressive activity on the development of IN and on the immune response to TBM antigen, may allow us to analyse the role of suppressor T cells in negative regulation of IN.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[A case of Sweet's syndrome (acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis) associated with mixed connective tissue disease].

Sweet's syndrome (acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis) is an unusual condition characterized by fever, polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytosis of the blood, thick painful plaques on the face, neck and limbs, and a dense dermal infiltrate of mature neutrophils seen histologically. Recently, this disease has also been reported in association with various malignant neoplasms and chronic inflammatory disorders. In the literature, seven cases of Sweet's syndrome associated with collagen diseases have been reported, but no cases with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). The first case of Sweet's syndrome associated with MCTD was herein described and discussed. A 49-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with the complaints of high fever and painful erythema on his face, neck and limbs. Six months ago, MCTD was suspected, with the presence of limited cutaneous sclerosis of the hands, Raynaud's phenomenon, polyarthralgia, an elevation of CPK value and a positive anti-RNP antibody. Just before hospitalization, he suffered a prodromal infection of the upper respiratory tract for two weeks. He was diagnosed as Sweet's syndrome by the clinical and histological features. He began receiving corticosteroid therapy (prednisolone 60 mg/day), and within a week he showed dramatic improvement in the above symptoms.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of repeated hepatic dearterialization combined with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy of unresectable primary or secondary cancer of the liver].

Repeated hepatic dearterialization combined with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy was performed in 29 patients with unresectable primary or secondary cancer of the liver. Partial Response (PR) was obtained in 4 cases (1 hepatocellular carcinoma and 3 gastric secondaries), when evaluated by measuring the regression rate radiologically. The most remarkable effect was found in those with metastases from gastric cancer. A satisfactory result was not obtained for hepatocellular carcinoma with liver cirrhosis because of frequent associated complications. A strategy to modulate the resistance of tumors to ischemia and anticancer drugs should be considered in order to obtain a better clinical result by this method.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1992

[Intrarenal arterial Doppler sonography in patients with various renal disease: correlation of resistive index with biopsy findings].

Duplex Doppler sonography (ultrasonic equipment: Toshiba SSA-270A) were performed in the patients with various renal disease (male 44, female 32) admitted to our hospital between June 1990 and August 1991. Interlobar arterial blood flow velocity was measured at the side of renal pyramid through a longitudinal scan. Both the maximum blood flow velocity (Vmax) and the minimum blood flow velocity (Vmin) were measured quantitatively and resistive index (RI: defined as (Vmax-Vmin)/Vmax) were calculated. Vmax and Vmin correlated well with the creatinine clearance (Ccr) (r = 0.56, r = 0.66 respectively), whereas RI, by which we can detect Doppler waveform changes, correlated weak with Ccr (r = 0.39). We found twenty-nine patients (40%) with an elevated RI (greater than or equal to 0.70). They had severe renal dysfunction and active pathologic findings in the tubulo-interstitial or vascular compartment of the kidney. Doppler examination of renal blood flow velocity was valuable not only to estimate renal function but also to assess pathophysiology of renal disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Characterization of immunoreactive human C-type natriuretic peptide in brain and heart.

Amino acid sequence of human C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) has recently been deduced to be identical to those of porcine and rat CNPs in the bioactive unit of C-terminal 22 residues (CNP-22) (1). Thus, tissue concentrations and molecular forms of immunoreactive (ir-) CNP in human brain and heart were determined or characterized using a radioimmunoassay established for porcine CNP. In human brain (hypothalamus and medullapons), ir-CNP was detected at a concentration of 1.04 pmol/g, being about 25 times or 70 times higher than ir-atrial (A-type) natriuretic peptide (ANP) or ir-brain (B-type) natriuretic peptide (BNP). CNP was present mainly as CNP-53, with CNP-22 as well as 13K CNP (presumed to be pro-CNP) as minor components. In heart, 1 approximately 5 pmol/g of ir-CNP was detected in both atrium and ventricle, but this ir-CNP was shown to be derived from crossreactivity of ANP. These results demonstrated that human CNP functions exclusively in the central nervous system in contrast to ANP and BNP which mainly function in the circulation system.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons in the cortex in Pick's disease.

Parvalbumin (a calcium-binding protein)-immunoreactive (PV-Ir) neurons in the cerebral cortex were examined in 20 postmortem brains obtained from elderly controls and patients with Pick's disease (PD). The type of PV-Ir neurons and their distribution in control and PD brains were similar. The number of PV-Ir neurons in PD brains did not differ significantly from that in the control brains either. These findings suggested that PV-Ir neurons in the cortex are not affected in PD brains. A significant loss of PV-Ir neurons has already been reported in brains obtained from patients with Alzheimer-type dementia (ATD), and the present results suggest the possibility that the damage of PV-Ir neurons might be comparatively selective for ATD brains.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Pneumothorax in a patient with Wegener's granulomatosis during treatment with immunosuppressive agents.

We present the case of a 16-year-old woman with Wegener's granulomatosis, who developed a pneumothorax while receiving treatment with cyclophosphamide and glucocorticoids. The lung was re-expanded by tube drainage, and the patient recovered completely while the immunosuppressive treatment was continued in combination with sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim. A possible role for this antimicrobial drug in the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis is briefly discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Seroepidemiology of herpes simplex virus and restriction endonuclease cleavages analysis of herpes simplex virus type 2 in Okinawa.

A seroepidemiologic study of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in Okinawa was performed. A total of 423 serum samples were collected from all over Okinawa, and the positivity rate of antibody against HSV was measured using a passive hemagglutination method. The sero-positive rate for HSV in age groups of over 40 years was 100%. Seven HSV type 2 (HSV 2) isolates were obtained in Okinawa, and DNA preparations from Vero cells infected with the isolates were analyzed using five restriction endonucleases: Bam HI, Hind III, Kpn I, Bgl II and Eco RI. Variations in the genomic region were demonstrated in five of the isolates. Such variations have not been reported previously in HSV 2 in mainland Japan. This is the first report of a seroepidemiologic study of HSV and restriction endonuclease cleavage analysis of HSV 2 in Okinawa, is a subtropical island where HSV is endemic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, decreasing in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated mouse, prevents parkinsonism-like behavior abnormalities.

In 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mouse brain, there was no significant increase or decrease in the content of an endogenous amine, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (TIQ), which is well noted for inducing parkinsonism, whereas another endogenous amine, 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1-MeTIQ), was markedly reduced. This result agrees with the finding in human idiopathic parkinsonianism, confirmed by our previous research. In addition, pretreatment with 1-MeTIQ completely prevented MPTP- or TIQ-inducing bradykinesia, a symptom of parkinsonism. This study confirmed that 1-MeTIQ plays an important role in preventing the pathogenesis of parkinsonism and is a possible leading compound of anti-parkinsonism agents.

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine↗