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Biomedical subjects

Y Mikawa

Publications and source records attributed to Y Mikawa.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

An experimental study on prevention of postlaminectomy scar formation by the use of new materials.

An experimental study was performed to investigate the prevention of scar formation after lumbar laminectomy, using Elastase and the new polylactic acid (PLA) membrane containing Elastase. The experimental animals consisted of four groups: control group, E group (using intravenous administration of Elastase), P group (covering the laminectomy defect with PLA membrane), and P-E group (covering the laminectomy defect with "PLA" + Elastase" membrane). The animals were killed at varying intervals (2-12 weeks) and changes in the lumbar spines were evaluated histologically. Scar formation was suppressed most significantly in the P-E group, followed in order by the E group, the P group, and the controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Atlanto-axial dislocation in Down's syndrome. Report of two cases requiring surgical correction.

Two cases of symptomatic atlanto-axial dislocation in association with Down's syndrome are reported. The first patient showed spinal cord compression and had an ossiculum terminale; the second showed neck pain and had anteriorly inclined facet joint of the axis. Complete reduction was not obtained in either case. Both patients were treated successfully by posterior fusion of C1 and C2 in the maximally obtained position of reduction. In cases of symptomatic atlanto-axial dislocation when the spinal cord is at risk, surgical stabilization is the treatment of choice.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ocular activity of topically administered anandamide in the rabbit.

Marijuana and its psychoactive constituents, cannabinoids, reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in humans and animals. Because anandamide, a recently discovered endogenous ligand of cannabinoid receptors, reportedly shows cannabimimetic pharmacological activity, we examined its effect on the eye. Varying amounts of anandamide, in 50 microL of light mineral oil, were topically applied to a rabbit eye and changes in IOP and ocular symptoms were monitored. Anandamide (50 micrograms to 1 mg) induced a significant decrease in IOP within 1 hour after administration; maximum reduction occurred at 2 hours; and there was a return to baseline by 7 hours following administration. A noticeable hyperemia of conjunctival blood vessels was also noted 2 hours after administration. Neither mineral oil alone or with palmitylethanolamide (an analogue of anandamide) caused a significant decrease in IOP or conjunctival hyperemia. This study indicates that anandamide does produce cannabimimetic effect in rabbit eyes.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spinal deformity and instability after multilevel cervical laminectomy.

Sixty-four patients who had undergone multilevel cervical laminectomy were studied for postoperative spinal deformity and instability. Special attention was given to patients with cervical spondylosis (CS), ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), and spinal cord tumors. Twenty-three (36%) of 64 patients showed postoperative changes in curvature type and 9 (14%) had developed spinal deformity (kyphotic or meandering-type curvature). In two juvenile patients, the deformity developed soon after operation and spinal fusion was required to prevent neurologic complications. In the adult cases, contrary to the hitherto accepted concept, long-term follow-up revealed the tendency of the deformity to develop more frequently in OPLL cases than in CS cases. Mobility of the cervical spine was reduced considerably after laminectomy, both in CS and OPLL cases. There was no adult patient who required further operation for severe deformity or instability after laminectomy. Extensive laminectomy, even including the C2 lamina, seemed to have no adverse effect on the stability of the cervical spine.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Solitary fibrous tumor of the spinal cord. Report of a case with scrape cytology.

BACKGROUND: Solitary fibrous tumor is a rare spindle cell tumor and has been forced at a variety of sites. To the best of our knowledge, only two cases of solitary fibrous tumor arising in the spinal cord have been reported; no cytologic findings were documented. CASE: A 62-year-old male presented with a spinal cord tumor. A scrape smear of the resected tumor revealed naked, spindle-shaped nuclei. Some nuclei were twisted or had long spindles. In the background, abundant, thin and thick collagen fibers were present. Immunohistochemically, the spindle cells were positive for CD34 and negative for S-100 protein and alpha-smooth muscle actin. Histologic diagnosis of the tumor was benign solitary fibrous tumor. CONCLUSION: Our case indicates that solitary fibrous tumor can occur in the spinal cord and should be differentiated from other benign spindle cell tumors, such as meningioma and schwannoma. The key cytologic features of solitary fibrous tumor may be the presence of abundant thin and thick collagen fibers in scrape specimens.

Biomarkers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Scrape cytology of elastofibroma. Report of a case with diagnostic cytologic features.

BACKGROUND: Elastofibroma is a benign, soft tissue tumor that occurs most frequently in the subscapular area in elderly people. To the best of our knowledge, in only two cases has the cytology been reported. The aim of this report is to describe the characteristic cytologic findings of elastofibroma and to discuss the usefulness of elastin stain in scrape smears. CASE: A 72-year-old female had bilateral masses in the lower subscapular area. Scrape smears from a cut surface of the resected masses revealed abundant, "wormlike" or "braidlike" material with central cores with Papanicolaou stain in an intraoperative consultation. Various-sized, petaloid or crystalloid globules were also present. Those elastic fibers were strongly positive for elastin stain in cytologic preparations. CONCLUSION: Elastofibroma can be diagnosed cytologically, and elastin-stained, scrape cytologic preparation is especially useful in such a case.

Aged↗