In the first clinical study of the borderline personality disorder (BPD) in Asia, the Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines (DIB) was performed on 85 female outpatients aged 18 to 30 years in Japan. BPD was diagnosed in 32 (38%) of these patients. The International Classification of Diseases-9 (ICD-9) diagnoses made at the initial examination of the DIB-identified BPD patients were, in order of frequency, neurotic disorders, anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders, and manic-depressive psychoses. The DSM-III axis I diagnoses of the DIB-identified BPD patients were affective disorders in 63%, eating disorders in 34%, and substance use disorders in 22%. This study suggests that there are indeed BPD patients in Japan. An exception is made of the low incidence of substance use disorders, and of the fact that most Japanese patients continue to maintain stormy one-to-one or masochistic relationships with their parents because they live at home--their clinical picture is not different from that of American patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of American and Japanese outpatients with borderline personality disorder.

The borderline psychopathology of 33 American and 19 Japanese female outpatients who met the Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines (DIB-R) criteria for borderline personality disorder (BPD) was compared. There were significant differences between the samples in the DIB-R total score, as well as in the affect/cognition section and scaled section scores. However, only one of the 22 summary statements (SS) of the DIB-R distinguished American borderlines from Japanese borderlines. Most of the differences seemed to reflect differences in inclusion criteria. It is concluded that there are borderline patients in Japan whose psychopathology is basically identical to that of American borderline patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Mumps-induced opsoclonus-myoclonus and ataxia.

A 9-year-old boy manifested acute cerebellar ataxia associated with mumps infection. He developed opsoclonus, myoclonus, tremor, and truncal ataxia 7 days after mumps infection. Lumbar puncture revealed pleocytosis without elevation of protein; ELISA demonstrated an increased IgM titer of cerebrospinal fluid against mumps virus. From these results it was determined that acute cerebellar ataxia was induced by a direct invasion of mumps virus. Electroencephalography demonstrated normal background activity, although alpha-like activity appeared bilaterally in the frontal regions which was induced by eye closure and decreased by eye opening. Polygraphic electroencephalography revealed that the alpha-like activity corresponded to the ocular movement recorded above or lateral to the eyelids by electro-oculography; therefore, the alpha-like activity was considered to be derived from the opsoclonus which was secondary to cerebellar involvement. His neurologic symptoms improved gradually and resolved completely within 3 months after the onset of acute cerebellar ataxia.

Cerebellar Ataxia↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Vitrectomy for endophthalmitis after intraocular lens implantation.

PURPOSE: To report the results of vitrectomy and intraocular lens (IOL) removal for the treatment of endophthalmitis after IOL implantation. METHODS: We reviewed 14 eyes of 14 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy because of postoperative endophthalmitis. Culture results, surgical methods, and visual outcome are presented. RESULTS: The cultures grew Enterococcus faecalis (n = 3), Staphylococcus epidermidis (n = 2), Propionibacterium acnes (n = 1), and gram-negative bacillus (n = 3). The eyes infected with E. faecalis had poor visual outcome. Eleven eyes treated by the combination of pars plana vitrectomy and IOL removal did not have a recurrence. The remaining 3 eyes on which only vitrectomy was performed had a recurrence, and the additional procedures consisting of vitrectomy and IOL removal could result in eradicating endophthalmitis. CONCLUSIONS: A higher rate of E. faecalis was detected and these eyes had severe inflammation and poor visual outcome. Combined vitrectomy and IOL removal may be a more certain method to prevent recurrence.

Aged↗