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Biomedical subjects

Y Miyake

Publications and source records attributed to Y Miyake.

785 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnostic value of hair shafts and squamous cells in peritoneal washing cytology.

OBJECTIVE: Little attention has been given to hair shafts and squamous cells in peritoneal fluid. To investigate their diagnostic value in peritoneal washing specimens, we reviewed peritoneal washing cytology preparations from 83 cases of ovarian tumors. STUDY DESIGN: We reviewed peritoneal washing specimens and histologic sections of 86 cases of ovarian tumors and tumorous conditions, including 22 teratomas, 16 serous adenocarcinomas, 10 clear cell adenocarcinomas, 9 endometrioid adenocarcinomas, 5 cases of endometriosis, 4 mucinous adenomas, 3 serous cystadenocarcinomas and 17 other tumors. RESULTS: We observed both squamous cells and hair shafts surrounded by inflammatory cells in 5 of the 22 cases of ovarian teratoma. Rupture of an ovarian teratoma was clinically and histologically found in one of the five cases. Hair shafts were not observed in the other tumors or in nonneoplastic conditions. The diameter of hair shafts in peritoneal washing specimens ranged from 10 to 28.8 microns (average, 16.6), and such hair shafts were present within an ovarian teratoma examined histologically. The diameter of hair shafts from six normal adults who were examined as controls ranged from 61.5 to 118.6 microns (average, 89.4). CONCLUSION: Hair shafts and squamous cells surrounded by inflammatory cells in peritoneal washing specimens are a diagnostic clue to ovarian teratoma and can be observed even when rupture of the tumor is not detected clinically or microscopically.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytologic findings in noninvasive intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma of the pancreas. A report of two cases.

BACKGROUND: Intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma of the pancreas is a new diagnostic term proposed by the 1996 World Health Organization classification of the exocrine pancreas. So far, there have been only a few reports concerning its cytologic findings, especially in noninvasive cases. CASES: The clinical and cytohistologic findings in two cases of noninvasive intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma of the pancreas were reviewed. Cytologic specimens were obtained from pure pancreatic juice in the dilated main pancreatic duct during the operation (case 1) and during endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) (case 2). Both cases showed three-dimensionally or individually scattered tumor cells with an increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and prominent nucleoli. CONCLUSION: Our cases suggest that pancreatic juice cytology during ERP or surgery is useful in diagnosing pancreatic cancers and that it may detect noninvasive intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma of the pancreas.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histochemical characterization of low density lipoprotein receptors in internalization-defective familial hypercholesterolemia.

We studied the localization of low density lipoprotein (LDL) bound to the receptors on the cultured fibroblasts from a patient (MN) with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and a defect in internalization of LDL and compared the localization with normal fibroblasts and with those from another internalization-defective cell, GM2408A. Monolayers of cells were cultured with lipoprotein-deficient human serum, and the cells were incubated with 125I- or ferritin-labeled LDL. The LDL binding was observed by autoradiography or by an electron microscope. Autoradiographs of bound 125I-LDL confirmed that MN's cells could not internalize LDL inside the cell at 37 degrees C. In these cells, ferritin LDL was found mainly in noncoated regions at 4 degrees C; it was not found in endocytic vesicles after incubation at 37 degrees C. Ferritin cores that bound on the surface of the cells from the normal subject, from GM2408A, from MN, and from MN's parents, were counted and quantitatively analyzed at 4 degrees C. In normal cells, 62% of the ferritin cores were bound in the coated pits; in MN's cells, only 11% of the ferritin LDL was found in the coated pits; in the GM2408A cells, 12% of the ferritin LDL was found in the coated pits; in the cells from MN's parents, 40% of the ferritin LDL was found on the coated pits. The results indicate that the internalization defect in MN's cells is the same as that in the GM2408A cells; neither can localize the LDL and LDL receptor complex in coated pits.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influences of endothelium on the time course of noradrenaline-, 5-HT-, prostaglandin F2alpha- and high-K+-induced contractions in aortae of WKY and SHRSP.

Influences of endothelium on contraction of aortic smooth muscle by various agents were studied and those in the preparations from Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY) and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) were compared. Endothelium depressed the contractions induced by noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). The time course of the contraction was bi- or tri-phasic in the former and slow rising monophasic in the latter. On the other hand, the depression was weaker in the contraction by prostaglandin F2alpha- and high K+. The depression was blocked by the removal of endothelium or in the presence of Nomega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA), indicating that nitric oxide (NO) released from endothelium was responsible for the inhibition. The inhibition was weaker in the preparation from SHRSP when compared to that in the preparation from WKY. Relaxation by acetylcholine (ACh) of the preparation precontracted in the presence of respective contractile agent was impaired in the preparation from SHRSP. It is concluded that mode of inhibition of the contraction varies depending on the agents used to initiate the contraction, i.e. depending on the mode of the release of NO. In the preparation from SHRSP, the influence of endothelium is impaired due to the reduced release of NO.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fluconazole therapy for pulmonary mucormycosis complicating acute leukemia.

A 29-year-old woman with acute myelogenous leukemia in relapse at the end of a nine-month period of remission was admitted to hospital where intensive antileukemic therapy was started. Antibiotics were given when she developed a fever and, when oral thrush appeared, intravenous amphotericin B was initiated. After 16 days, the amphotericin B (at a total dose of 295 mg) was discontinued because of side effects and 12 days later, when a lung biopsy had revealed mucormycotic hyphae in infarcted tissue in the left upper lobe, fluconazole (300 mg daily by intravenous infusion over a period of two hours) was substituted. This was continued for one month with clinical and radiologic improvement in the lung condition and no attributable adverse effect. At this juncture the patient died of intractable heart failure. We suggest that fluconazole may be an acceptable alternative to amphotericin B in the treatment of pulmonary mucormycosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Validation of a microwave sterilizer for injection ampules.

A program for validating the microwave sterilizer, which is a new type of sterilizer, was established and implemented. This program includes the following tests specific to microwave sterilizers: the internal pressure strength of ampules, the acceptable range of sterilizing temperature, performance and calibration of the infrared thermometer and the plane blackbody, maintaining of sterilizing temperature, the processing speed (sterilizing time), the unacceptable ampules selection mechanism, microwave leaks, and a microbiological challenge test of the ampule head space using a biological indicator. Injectable preparations of mecobalamin and diprophylline were used as models for validation of the microwave sterilizer. The bioburden approach was used for injectable mecobalamin preparation, and the over-kill approach was used for injectable diprophylline preparation. The basis for practical use of this microwave sterilizer has been confirmed by the establishment and implementation of this validation program.

Drug Packaging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical features of familial hypercholesterolemia.

The clinical consequences of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) result from its metabolic peculiarities that persist from very early childhood, leading to the accumulation of cholesterol in the form of xanthomas in skin and tendons and atheromatous lesions in the arterial wall, in particular, in the aorta and the stem of coronary arteries. Plasma cholesterol concentration markedly increases during the suckling period, soon attaining a level near 1000 mg/dl in homozygotes and 200 to 400 mg/dl in heterozygotes. By age 50, about 80% of FH males suffer from ischemic heart diseases, while only 20% to 30% of the females are moderately affected by coronary atherosclerosis. In addition to the low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level, higher triglyceride and lower high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels correlate with an increased risk of ischemic heart diseases. A very important problem is that most of these patients do not feel themselves to be seriously ill until a severe myocardial infarction (often leading to sudden death) takes place during the third to fifth decades of life. Among the different types of receptor mutations, the incidence of ischemic heart diseases was much higher and more extensive among patients with the receptor-negative type than among those with the receptor-defective type with a residual receptor activity.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microwave continuous sterilization of injection ampoules.

A new microwave continuous sterilizer (MWS) for applying microwave dielectric heating as an alternative to an autoclave was developed. The developmental objectives of the MWS were: 1. Achieving sufficient sterilization for the drugs containing heat-sensitive ingredients. 2. Measuring and recording sterilization temperature of each ampoule. 3. Ensuring automatic continuous operation and linkage with the preceding and following machines in an injection ampoule production process. The temperature of the drug solution in an ampoule was heated to 140 degrees C within about 30 seconds by the MWS. Target F0 value is achieved through the maintaining heater to maintain the target temperature for 12 seconds. Ampoules are cooled with air and water after completion of heating. The MWS is capable of processing 150 ampoules per minute. The newly developed techniques which minimized temperature distribution of heated ampoule solution were: 1. Microwave irradiation in a direction opposite to the direction of ampoules transportation. 2. Microwave irradiation in the lower part of ampoule solution (i.e., heating up the drug solution by thermal convection.) 3. Microwave power control by feedback of measured temperatures. 4. Heating rate control corresponding to the dielectric property of ampoule solution. The drug stability test was performed using 3% pyridoxamine phosphate solution, and the inactivation of spores in 3% pyridoxamine phosphate solution was examined using Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 7953 spores. The MWS was proved to have an adequate efficiency of sterilization with less chemical degradation of the contents than an autoclave.

Drug Stability↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of high-temperature and short-time sterilization of injection ampules by microwave heating.

The high-temperature and short-time sterilization by microwave heating with a continuous microwave sterilizer (MWS) was evaluated. The evaluation were performed with respect to: [1] lethal effect against microorganisms corresponding to F-value, and [2] reliability of MWS sterilization process. Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 7953 spores were used as the biological indicator and the heat-resistance of spores was evaluated with conventional heating method (121-129 degrees C). In MWS sterilization (125-135 degrees C), the actual lethal effect against B. stearothermophilus spores was almost in agreement with the F-value and the survival curve against the F-value was quite consistent with that for the autoclave. These results suggest that the actual lethal effect could be estimated by the F-value with heat-resistance parameters of spores from lower than actual temperatures and that there was no nonthermal effect of the microwave on B. stearothermophilus spores. The reliability of sterilization with the MWS was confirmed using more than 25,000 test ampules containing biological indicators. All biological indicators were killed, thus the present study shows that the MWS was completely reliable for all ampules.

Geobacillus stearothermophilus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Selection of biological indicator for validating microwave heating sterilization.

For the purpose of selecting an appropriate biological indicator for evaluation of the effects of microwave heating sterilization, we examined aerobic bacterial spores to determine whether microwaves have non-thermal sterilization effects. After microwave irradiation on dry bacterial spores (three species), none of the bacterial spores were killed. The survival rate of the spores after microwave irradiation of spore suspensions (twelve species) was compared with that after heating by a conventional method. The order of heat resistance in the bacterial species was similar between the two heating methods. Bacillus stearothermophilus spores were the most heat-resistant. These results suggest that microwaves have no non-thermal sterilization effects on bacterial spores, the specific resistant spores to microwave heating, and microwave heating sterilization can be evaluated in the same way as for conventional heating sterilization. As a biological indicator for evaluation of overkill sterilization, B. stearothermophilus spores may be appropriate for microwave heating sterilization as well as steam sterilization.

Bacteria↗