Biomedical subjects

Y Miyazawa

Publications and source records attributed to Y Miyazawa.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

A case of pediatric cardiomyopathy with severely restrictive physiology.

A rare case of a 6-year-old male with idiopathic familial cardiomyopathy manifesting severely restrictive physiology is reported. The patient showed congestive heart failure with dilatation of both atria with a normal ventricular cavity. A square-root configuration was revealed in the ventricular pressure tracings. His elder brother had died of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy at the age of 3 years. Endomyocardial biopsy disclosed marked disorganization of muscle bundles with hypertrophy of the myocytes and interstitial fibrosis. The patient died suddenly during hospitalization. Autopsy revealed diffuse hypertrophy of both the ventricular walls and the ventricular septum with extensive myocardial disorganization and interstitial fibrosis. These advanced myopathic changes in the myocardium may have been related to the restrictive physiology in this case.

Bundle-Branch Block↗

PubMed1992

Heterotopic intestinal membrane in a retroperitoneal tumor.

Plain abdominal X-rays of a 13-year-old girl with chief complaints of back pain revealed calcification in the upper left abdomen. A calcified tumor was confirmed at the dorsal side of the pancreatic tail upon admission. A completely formed colic membrane free of all other germ layers was discovered within the tumor, leading to a diagnosis of heterotopic colonic membrane. To our knowledge, there have been no other cases of heterotopic intestinal tissue of this type, so we consider this an extremely rare case worth reporting.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors of bone and soft tissue. With reference to histologic differentiation in primary or metastatic foci.

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) of the bone and soft tissue were reviewed by immunohistochemistry and partly by morphometry, focusing particularly on histologic changes in recurrent or metastatic foci, in order to elucidate their probable histogenetic relationship with Ewing's sarcoma (ES) and its extraskeletal counterpart (EES). Eleven cases of bone tumor (average patient age; 15.1 yr) and 12 cases of soft tissue tumor (average patient age; 22.1 yr) which disclosed unequivocal Homer-Wright rosettes and/or at least foci of ganglion cell differentiation either in a given primary tumor or metastatic (or recurrent) foci were selected from small round cell tumors primarily categorized as ES or EES. Most of the cases for which follow-up biopsy samples were available disclosed prominent Homer-Wright rosettes in the metastases, whereas the primary tumors showed features of ES and lacked rosettes. In only one case, Homer-Wright rosettes were absent in the metastatic tumor. Most cases had been treated by combined intensive chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which might have influenced cell differentiation. Neural markers (neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament protein and others) were positive in most cases. Three cases with otherwise typical histologic features of ES or EES showed minute foci of ganglion cell differentiation, as confirmed by morphometry and neural markers. These results suggest that ES (or EES) and PNET are histogenetically related, but represent different stages of cell differentiation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

[A case report: successful direct closure of atrial septal defect in isolated right ventricular hypoplasia].

We experienced a surgery for an isolated right ventricular hypoplasia with atrial septal defect (ASD). The patient, 3 1/2-year-old girl, underwent direct closure of ASD. Preoperatively right ventricular end diastolic volume was 18 ml or 22 ml including trabecular portion by angiocardiographic examination. It was almost a half of normal. We performed intraoperative ASD occlusion test using a Foley 12 F balloon catheter before surgical closure of ASD. Postoperatively, mild right pleural effusion was found, but it disappeared soon with a use of diuretics. ASD occlusion test was safe and useful for estimating surgical closure of ASD. Postoperative cardiac catheterization revealed slight increase of right atrial pressure. It is necessary to follow up her condition carefully.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed1992

The efficacy of aerobic exercise therapy on hypertensive patients with mild cardiac complications.

To investigate the antihypertensive efficacy of aerobic exercise therapy in essential hypertensives, 20 patients underwent eight weeks of cycle ergometer training at anaerobic threshold (AT) point. Cardiopulmonary exercise testings with ramp protocol were performed before and at two/four/eight weeks during the training period in order to determine AT and to evaluate the changes in blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (VO2; ml/min/kg), and O2 pulse (ml/min/beat) during exercise. 75g glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was measured before and after exercise therapy. The mean values of systolic blood pressure, oxygen uptake, O2 pulse, before and after exercise therapy were as follows: systolic blood pressure at rest = 160 +/- 19 mmHg and 135 +/- 11 mmHg, systolic blood pressure at AT = 195 +/- 13 mmHg and 180 +/- 10 mmHg, oxygen uptake AT = 12.0 +/- 0.9 ml/min/kg and 14.4 +/- 1.0 ml/min/kg, O2 pulse at AT = 6.8 +/- 1.5 ml/min/beat and 7.6 +/- 1.88 ml/min/beat. After exercise therapy, systolic blood pressure decreased (p less than 0.01), while O2 pulse and VO2 increased (p less than 0.01). Hyperresponse of serum insulin to glucose also improved. These results show that aerobic exercise therapy at AT level has beneficial effects on high blood pressure and improves exercise tolerance and hyperresponse of serum insulin to glucose without any complications.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Primary venous aneurysm of the forearm in a child.

A 5 year old girl who presented with two bluish, cystic masses in her right forearm was shown on ultrasonography to have two localized saccular dilatations of the right radial vein. This led to the suspicion of venous aneurysms which was later confirmed by venography. They were finally excised because of the gradual increase in size and pain she had experienced over the previous two months.

Aneurysm↗

PubMed1991

Immunohistochemical study on tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in normal and pathological human livers.

The localization of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) in normal and pathological livers was examined by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies at the light microscopic level. In normal liver, immunoreactive TIMP was detected in smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells of blood vessels, fibroblasts, bile duct cells and Kupffer cells, indicating that TIMP is likely to be a general element of the liver. Immunoreactivity was observed in newly-formed blood vessels, proliferating bile ductules, and fibroblasts in the expanded portal area and fibrous septa of chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis. TIMP was strongly stained in the capsule of hepatocellular carcinoma. The intensity of the immunoreaction in the capsule was generally greater than that in cirrhotic liver apart from the tumor mass. In three of five cases with hepatocellular carcinoma, endothelial walls in contact with tumor cells were positive.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1991

Application of simultaneous determination of 3H, 14C, and 22Na by liquid scintillation counting to the measurement of cellular ion-transport.

A liquid scintillation counting method for simultaneous determination of three radioactive nuclides (3H, 14C, and 22Na) of biological interest was studied. By comparing the beta spectra of the three nuclides, their counting energy ranges, A, B, and C, were determined. 22NA was set high enough to avoid any spillover counts from lower-energy nuclides. Region A for 3H was set to maximize the counting efficiency. A good correlation between the counting efficiency for 22Na in region C and the counting efficiency of other nuclides in all regions was obtained. Prior to 3H and 14C dpm calculations, the 22Na counts spilled down in regions A and B were subtracted from the total counts in regions A and B. A simple linear equation was then used to compute 3H and 14C dpm. Findings show that the method presented is adaptable for highly quenched samples up to quenching indices of tSIE = 100. The method is useful for studying the biological transport coupled to Na+.

Beta Particles↗

PubMed1991

Several cation transporters and volume regulation in high-K dog red blood cells.

Normal dog red blood cells lack the Na-K pump, and their cation composition is low K and high Na (LK). Recently, a dog was found with red blood cells containing high K and low Na concentrations (HK) due to the existence of the Na-K pump. In the present study, cation transport and volume regulation in HK cells were compared with those of LK cells. HK cells showed not only Rb influx through a Na-K pump, but also Rb influx through a Cl-dependent K transporter. The Rb influx rate through the Na-K pump was 0.65-1.44 mmol.l cells-1.h-1 in Cl and 1.75-2.24 mmol.l cells-1.h-1 in NO3, in HK cells, but only trace activities are found in LK cells. In HK cells, the Rb influx rate through Cl-dependent K transport was 0.36-0.96 mmol.l cells-1.h-1, and it was enhanced in swollen cells but vanished in shrunken cells. In LK cells, the transport was evident only in swollen cells. The original volume of swollen HK cells was restored by water extrusion promoted by Cl-dependent transport. The Na-Ca exchange transporter, which works as a volume regulator in LK cells, functioned in HK cells only when they were loaded with Na. Hence, the exchange transporter is latent in HK cells under physiological conditions. Moreover, the exchange transporter could restore the cell volume in swollen and Na-loaded HK cells. However, the volume in HK cells was still larger than that in LK cells, while the Na-Ca exchange transporter was working.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Abscessed leiomyosarcoma of the ileum.

A-49-year-old man was admitted because of a lower abdominal mass. During the five days prior to admission, he had noted fever and lower abdominal pain. Palpation of the abdomen revealed a tender mass, 10 cm in diameter, in the suprapubic region. An x-ray revealed an irregular collection of gas, 9 cm in diameter, in the pelvic cavity, which appeared as a mirror image when the patient was upright. Based on the physical finding and the results of a barium enema, abdominal CT, MRI, and small intestine imaging, a diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma of the ileum was made. Excision of the tumor and part of the small intestine was performed. A saccular tumor, 11 x 6 x 5 cm, was found 1.0 m from the cecum and growing out of the wall of the ileum. A large amount of pus was found inside the cavity. The pathological diagnosis was leiomyosarcoma.

Abscess↗

PubMed1991

[Pulmonary edema caused by cardiac ischemic attacks in cases with or without minimal myocardial infarction].

We report cases of angina pectoris or minimal acute myocardial infarction accompanied by pulmonary edema, which were retrospectively studied with regard to their clinical characteristics, prognosis and treatment. Sixteen patients, 5 males and 11 females with a mean age of 72.6 years, admitted to the Cardiovascular Center of Sendai between January 1986 and June 1989, were studied. Ten had previous myocardial infarction. Hypertension, chronic renal failure and diabetes mellitus were found in 10, 7 and 7 patients, respectively. Electrocardiograms during cardiac ischemic attacks showed ST elevation in 8 and ST depression in the other 8 patients. Coronary arteriography which was performed in 6 patients revealed three-vessel disease in 5, and two-vessel disease in one. Mechanical ventilation was indicative of 7, and intraaortic balloon counterpulsation in 2 patients. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery was performed for 3 patients. All patients recovered from pulmonary edema and were discharged. During the mean 15-month-follow-up period, 8 patients died. The causes of death were sudden cardiac death in 3, acute myocardial infarction in one, congestive heart failure in one, post-surgical death in one, and non-cardiac death in 2.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

[The partial characterization of neutrophils' and lymphocytes' chemotactic factors from murine anagenic hair bulb extract].

Sephadex G-75 gel filtration of murine anagenic hair bulb extracts (HBE) showed two peaks with chemotactic activity. Peak I (m.w. 63 +/- 4.6 KD) was chemotactic for both neutrophils and lymphocytes, and Peak II (m.w. 47 +/- 5.6 KD) was chemotactic for lymphocytes only. The neutrophil related chemotactic activity was sensitive to treatments by trypsin, pronase, neuraminidase, or heating at 100 degrees C for 10 min. With Peak I, lymphocyte related chemotactic activity was sensitive to treatments by pronase, trypsin or neuraminidase, but was unaffected by heating at 100 degrees C for 10 min. On the other hand, the same aforementioned treatments all individually inactivated the Peak II lymphocyte related chemotactic activity. Intradermal injection of Peak I fractions into guinea pigs induced infiltration of neutrophils and mononuclear cells, and that of Peak II induced the infiltration of mononuclear cells. These findings suggest that normal C3H murine anagenic hair bulb contains three different chemotactic factors related to neutrophils and lymphocytes.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[A case of Pickwickian syndrome with improvement of obesity-related sleep apnea following vertical banded gastroplasty].

The patient was 22-year-old male who had suffered from hypermotility during sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness, and 270% in excess body weight. Values of arterial blood gas analysis during sleep were 65mmHg in PaCO2 and 19mmHg in PaO2. He was diagnosed as morbid obesity with Pickwickian syndrome and underwent vertical banded gastroplasty. His body weight decreased from 170kg to 113kg four months after surgery and 107kg one year after surgery. The whole-night polyhypnographic sleep study was performed before and after operation and showed dramatic improvement of apnea index which was calculated by dividing the number of apneas by the total sleep time. We analyzed 199 case reports which had noted symptoms of Pickwickian syndrome between 1963 and 1989 in Japan. In many reported cases, body weight decreased transiently but returned to the level before medical treatment. Under these considerations, gastroplasty is a beneficial surgical treatment for the morbid obesity with Pickwickian syndrome.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Measurement of 5'-methylthioadenosine in patients with neoplasms.

The amount of polyamines in urine from patients with various neoplasms is larger than in normal subjects. We have determined the concentration of 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA), a by-product of the polyamine biosynthesis, in patients with malignancies as well as normal subjects. Our studies indicate that the amount of MTA in urine from patients with leukemias and malignant lymphomas was higher than in normal subjects (p less than 0.005). Urine samples from patients with other malignancies contained normal amounts of MTA. The levels of blood MTA in patients with leukemias before treatment or in relapse was higher than in control subjects (p less than 0.005), while in patients with other malignancies and leukemia in remission, the levels were not different from control subjects. Peripheral blood MTA levels clearly decreased after effective chemotherapy. The measurement of MTA levels in urine and blood may not be as useful as polyamine assays for the detection of malignancies, but blood levels of MTA may be useful as an indicator of the efficacy of chemotherapy in leukemic patients.

Adenosine↗

PubMed1990

Augmentation of various immune reactivities of tumor-bearing hosts with an extract of Cordyceps sinensis.

In order to enhance general reactivity of immune system in the tumor-bearing host, we employed extract of Cordyceps sinensis (CSE) as a biological response modifier. Cordyceps sinensis is an interesting material produced by a kind of mushroom parasitic to larval moths and was used to hasten recovery from exhaustion in ancient China. In this experiment, C57BL/6 mice implanted subcutaneously with syngeneic EL-4 lymphoma cells were employed as the host. Oral administration of the extract leads to a reduction of tumor size and prolongation of the host survival time. As judged by plaque-forming cells against T-dependent (sheep erythrocytes) and T-independent (bacterial lipopolysaccharide) antigens, CSE showed to augment the antibody responses. As for the activities of peritoneal macrophages, chemotaxis was dramatically depressed within a few days after EL-4 transplantation up to the end of life, but treatment with CSE at -14, -7, -4, +4, +7 and +10 days after the tumor transplantation augmented the activity about four times stronger than that of control. Phagocytic activity of macrophages was also decreased in tumor-bearing mice treated with cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg) 3 and 5 days after tumor transplantation. But administration of CSE restored the activity to more than the normal level. The overall efficacy of CSE was tested with protective activity against systemic infection by Salmonella enteritides. The tumor-bearing mice receiving this medicine lived significantly longer than any other groups without CSE.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1990

[Manometric study of vertical banded gastroplasty for morbid obesity].

Morbidly obese patients undergoing vertical banded gastroplasty were studied preoperatively and/or postoperatively to characterize its manometric pattern. The esophageal manometry using station pull through technique involved 14 preoperative patients with a mean age of 28 +/- 7 years who were a obesity index of 220 +/- 32% and 14 postoperative patients with a mean age of 30 +/- 7 years who were a obesity index of 158 +/- 23%. Preoperative lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure using gastric base line as O was 16.1 +/- 8.5 cmH2O and a LES length of 3.4 +/- 0.9 cm. Postoperatively, the vertical banded gastroplasty channel had a pressure of 17.7 +/- 7.1 cmH2O and a length of 8.2 +/- 1.7 cm which was higher than gastric base line. No difference was seen between preoperative LES pressure and postoperative channel pressure, however postoperative channel length was significantly (p less than 0.01) larger than preoperative LES length. We concluded that vertical banded gastroplasty for morbid obesity created a longer high pressure zone in accordance with channel which would inhibit reflux of gastric juice.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Echocardiography in patients with malignant metastatic neoplasms of the heart and great vessels].

Two-dimensional echocardiography was used to study malignant metastatic neoplasms of the heart and great vessels in 20 patients, 13 males and seven females, whose ages ranged from 15 to 72 years. Five patients had lung cancer; two each had breast cancer, malignant melanoma, hepatoma and one each had gastric cancer, urinary bladder cancer, adrenocortical carcinoma, malignant lymphoma, angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma; and two had cancers with unknown primaries. Tumor invasion was demonstrated echocardiographically in the left atrium in one each with breast cancer, fibrosarcoma and gastric cancer; in the right atrium in two with hepatomas; in the right atrium and right ventricle in one patient with adrenocortical carcinoma; in the left ventricle in one with lung cancer; and in the pulmonary artery in one with malignant melanoma. Massive pericardial effusion was observed in 11 of 20 patients; two with pericardial tumors including malignant lymphoma and lung cancer. We conjectured that metastatic tumors in the right cardiac cavities came through the inferior vena cava, and other tumors in the left atrium, left ventricle and pericardium developed from direct extension of the primary lesions. There was an 80% mortality of the patients during the observation period, and the average survival period after the diagnosis of cardiac metastases was 5.5 months. However, one patient was still living after two years of radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Echocardiography proved a useful, non-invasive means for the detection and follow-up observation of metastatic cardiac tumors.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[The partial characterization of neutrophils and lymphocytes chemotactic factors from murine anagenic hair bulb extract].

The murine anagenic ++ hair bulb extract (HBE) showed a chemotactic activity for both neutrophils and lymphocytes in vitro. The activity for both cells was retained after heating at 56 degrees C for 30 min, and dialysis. However, heating at 100 degrees C for 10 min inactivated the chemotactic activity for neutrophils, but not for lymphocytes. Activity for neutrophils was sensitive to degradation by trypsin or pronase but stable to neuraminidase treatment. On the other hand, activity for lymphocytes was not affected by protease treatment, but was reduced by approximately 30% after being treated by neuraminidase. These findings suggest that HBE contains at least two kinds of chemoattractants for neutrophils and lymphocytes.

Animals↗