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Y Mochizuki

Publications and source records attributed to Y Mochizuki.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Small cell colonies appear in the primary culture of adult rat hepatocytes in the presence of nicotinamide and epidermal growth factor.

Colonies of small hepatocytes appeared after the culture of primary adult rat hepatocytes for 4 days in serum-free modified Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 10 mmol/L nicotinamide and 10 ng/ml epidermal growth factor. Each colony consisted of cells that had a single nucleus and a higher nucleus/cytoplasm ratio than surrounding hepatocytes, and immunocytochemically these cells were stained with albumin and transferrin. Ultrastructurally these cells had mitochondria, peroxisomes and desmosomes, indicating that they were derived from hepatocytes. When 6 x 10(5) cells were plated on 35-mm dishes, about 5.5 colonies/mm2 were observed. This result suggested that about 1.5% of adult rat hepatocytes has the potential for multiple replications and of forming a focal colony. These cell populations had higher proliferative activities than surrounding hepatocytes. DNA synthetic activity could not be inhibited by 2% dimethyl sulfoxide. Flow cytometric analysis showed that both 2N and 4N nuclei synthesized their DNA until day 4 but that the number of 2N nuclei rapidly increased at day 5. This result correlated with the observation of the appearance of small cell populations indicating that the cells of these focal colonies were predominantly diploid.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Characteristics of small cell colonies developing in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes.

Phenotypes of the cells developing into small colonies after days of primary culture of adult rat hepatocytes in serum-free modified Dulbecco Modified Eagles' medium containing 10 mM nicotinamide and 10 ng/ml epidermal growth factor were analyzed immunocytochemically, cytochemically and ultrastructurally. Albumin, cytokeratin 8 and 18 were seen by immunocytochemical techniques in the cells of the small colonies at Day 6. Transferrin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, ceruloplasmin, and haptoglobin, proteins secreted by mature hepatocytes, were faintly stained in these cells as was alpha-fetoprotein. These proteins were secreted into the culture medium as evidenced by immunoblot analysis. gamma-Glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase and glucose 6-phosphatase were not present in the cells of the small colonies as well as the surrounding hepatocytes at Day 6 of culture. In addition, ultrastructural examinations of the cells in the small colonies indicated that these cells not only had many characteristic mitochondria and desmosomes, but also a few small peroxisomes. Such cells, even after 20 days in culture were proliferating, as evidenced by the intranuclear presence of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen. The potential relation of these cells to hepatocytes which may serve as the principal reserve for replicating hepatocytes is discussed.

Albumins↗
PubMed1992

Cefaclor concentrations in human serum, gingiva, mandibular bone, and dental follicle following a single oral administration.

1. Cefaclor concentrations in human serum (n = 59), gingiva (n = 46), mandibular bone (n = 39), and dental follicle (n = 42) following a single oral administration of cefaclor (500 mg) were measured by the paper disk method. 2. The peak times of serum, gingiva, mandibular bone, and dental follicle were 1.5, 2, 2, and 1.5 hr, respectively. 3. The mean peak concentrations of serum, gingiva, mandibular bone, and dental follicle were 7.58 micrograms/ml, 3.71, 1.59 and 2.42 micrograms/g, respectively. 4. The concentration ratios of gingiva/serum, mandibular bone/serum, and dental follicle/serum at peak times of the tissues were 0.49, 0.18, and 0.32, respectively. 5. Mean cefaclor concentrations in gingiva, mandibular bone, and dental follicle at peak times exceeded MIC for 90% for clinically isolated strains of alpha-hemolytic Streptococci.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical and epidemiological aspects of enteritis due to Salmonella hadar. I. Isolation of S. hadar from sporadic diarrhea--clinical and bacteriological study].

Before 1983, S. hadar was seldom isolated from man, animals, food or the environment in Japan: only one strain having been isolated from man and one from the environment. In subsequent years there has been a progressive increase in the number of isolations. S. hadar is now one of the commonest serotypes isolated from cases of sporadic diarrhea in Shizuoka Prefecture (Table 1). However, the epidemiology of S. hadar is not clearly understood. Reports on the clinical features of S. hadar gastroenteritis are also scarce. We examined the clinical symptoms of 15 cases of S. hadar gastroenteritis. S. hadar was encountered in patients of all ages. Infants and young children below 10 years of age constituted 47% of all cases. Seventy per cent of young children below 10 years of age experienced fever of more than 39 degrees C. This incidence was significantly higher than that of general Salmonella gastroenteritis observed in our previous study, in which fever of more than 38 degrees C was noted in 61% of the children. We found one case of presumptive person-to-person spread. No other household contacts of index patients suffered from diarrhea during the same period. Systematic examination for Salmonella contamination was performed for poultry farms, broiler chickens, broiler processing plants and meat on the market. 259 Salmonella strains were isolated from 1197 samples. S. hadar accounted for 37.1% (96) of all isolations (259). A drug resistance test was performed for 51 strains of the diarrhea cases and 67 strains of the environment. The pattern of the distribution of MICs of 9 drugs was similar in the two groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical and epidemiological aspects of enteritis due to Salmonella hadar. II. Environmental contamination by Salmonella hadar in Shizuoka Prefecture--studies on the feasibility of reducing S. hadar infection].

A systematic examination was performed for environmental food contamination by Salmonella in poultry farms, broiler chickens, broiler processing plants and meat on the market. Salmonella was isolated from 219 of 1197 samples and the serotypes showed a wide distribution. (Table 1-1). S. hadar accounted for 37.1% (96) of all isolations (259). The contamination rate of broiler chickens on arrival at broiler processing plants is relatively low. However, in the broiler processing plants, containers, processing machinery, cooling water and slaughters were highly contaminated by Salmonella, S. hadar being the most prominent serotype in the plants. 64% of chicken meat on the market was contaminated by Salmonella, S. hadar being the second most prominent serotype. 11% of the pork and none of the beef or horseflesh was contaminated by Salmonella. These results indicate that poultry is the main source of S. hadar infection in humans. However, no S. hadar was isolated from cultures of 119 samples of feed for chickens from each delivery (Table 1-1). Thus, as the main source of infection by S. hadar of broiler chickens, an association with the feed seems to be ruled out. S. hadar was isolated at three of 18 poultry farms within Shizuoka Prefecture. Follow-up studies were performed at the three poultry farms which revealed that in two of them, Salmonella was completely eradicated on completion of disinfection. In the other one farm, which is still being disinfected, various strains of Salmonella including S. hadar still survived. We conclude that the main cause of the problem is the magnification of contamination of Salmonella-free material during the process at the broiler processing plants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effects of nerve stimulation and zymosan on glycogenolysis in perfused livers from cold-exposed rats.

The effects of sympathetic nerve stimulation and zymosan (cell wall particles from yeast) on glycogenolysis were studied in perfused livers from rats kept for 5 and 20 days at 4 degrees C. The rate of glycogenolysis induced by nerve stimulation decreased significantly without any decrease in norepinephrine outflow during cold exposure, and the rate induced by norepinephrine did not change. By contrast, the rate of zymosan-induced glycogenolysis increased markedly during cold exposure. The rats with denervated hepatic nerves did not show the increased response to zymosan. In cold-exposed rats, both mepacrine and ibuprofen inhibited the effects of zymosan and of nerve stimulation without any inhibition of the outflow of norepinephrine. Neither inhibitor had any effect on the effects of norepinephrine. The metabolic effects of nerve stimulation and zymosan were not additive in cold-exposed rats. These results suggest that cold exposure may modulate the metabolism of arachidonic acid in Kupffer cells via hepatic nerve and decrease the eicosanoid-dependent glycogenolysis by nerve stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

The level of serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in cancer patients with leukocytosis.

The level of serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) obtained from patients with leukocytosis (greater than 10,000/microliters) between May 1989 and April 1991 was measured by enzyme immunoassay. Studied were 18 patients with malignant neoplasms (median age, 64 years) and 14 patients with hematologic disease (median age, 59 years). Increased serum G-CSF values ranging from 70 to 374 pg/ml were noted in 7 of 15 lung cancer cases, a case of malignant thymoma and a blastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia. The rest of the cases showed a normal value (less than 60 pg/ml). There was no correlation between the neutrophil count and G-CSF level. In lung cancer cases with high G-CSF values, neither a characteristic histologic type nor common elevation of tumor markers could be seen. The neutrophil alkaline phosphatase score was significantly increased and hypercalcemia was presented in high G-CSF cases. G-CSF may contribute at least in part to unknown leukocytosis observed in malignant neoplasms, especially in lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical evaluation of cefprozil in children].

Cefprozil (CFPZ, BMY-28100), a new oral cephalosporin, was evaluated for its efficacy and safety in 42 children with bacterial infections (Table 1), and the following results were obtained. 1. CFPZ was administered in 3 or 4 divided doses at daily dosages ranging from 15.3 to 60.0 mg/kg to 42 patients (19 cases of acute tonsillitis and/or laryngitis, pharyngitis, 13 cases of pneumonia, 2 cases each of suppurative cervical lymphadenitis and UTI, and 1 case each of scarlet fever, acute otitis media, suppurative parotitis, impetigo contagiosa, furuncle and acute enteritis) and the following clinical results were obtained: excellent; 24 cases, good; 14 cases, fair; 4 cases. The overall efficacy rate was 90.5% (Table 3). 2. MICs of CFPZ against 50 strains of isolated organisms are shown in Table 4. In 19 cases out of 28 cases examined, causative organisms were successfully eradicated and strain of Staphylococcus aureus was decreased in 1 case. 3. Diarrhea was observed in 2 cases (cases 8, 11). In case 8, the symptom disappeared spontaneously. Case 11 improved immediately after the administration of the drug was stopped. Among 39 children who went through laboratory tests, eosinophilia which seemed to be related to the administration of this drug was observed in 2 cases (cases 29, 38). Slight elevations of S-GOT and S-GPT were found in 1 case (case 22) (Table 7). 4. These data suggest that CFPZ is a safe and useful new antibiotic in the treatment of children with susceptible bacterial infections.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

Hepatic encephalopathy secondary to a large-caliber porto-hepatic venous shunt. A case report.

A case of hepatic encephalopathy secondary to a large-caliber porto-hepatic venous shunt in a 61-year-old woman with gastric cancer is reported. Mild confusion, flapping tremor and hyperammonemia were noted preoperatively. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a large-caliber porto-hepatic venous shunt in the left lateral segment of the liver. Percutaneous transhepatic portography and superior mesenteric angiography were confirmatory. Intraoperative portal scintigraphy was performed before and after temporary shunt occlusion to measure the intrahepatic shunt rate, which decreased markedly after occlusion. Portal pressure was also measured, and increased only slightly after occlusion. Left lateral hepatic segmentectomy, and subtotal gastrectomy with splenectomy were performed. Hepatic encephalopathy resolved postoperatively. The shunt was thought to be acquired. The relevant reports on large-caliber porto-hepatic venous shunts in the literature are reviewed.

Female↗
PubMed1992

[Two probable cases of adult Williams-Campbell syndrome--advocation of Williams-Campbell-type bronchiectasis].

Williams-Campbell syndrome is a unique type of bronchiectasis which shows ballooning during expiration and collapse during inspiration. Its etiology is thought to be a congenital decrease in bronchial cartilage. We experienced two adult cases of Williams-Campbell syndrome. Since the mucociliary transport system was normal in both cases and neither case had chronic sinusitis, these cases differed from sino-bronchial syndrome. Cases of Williams-Campbell syndrome reported in Japan show characteristic bronchography, but a decrease in bronchial cartilage may or may not be present and its congenital nature is very difficult to demonstrate. We therefore advocate referring to such cases of bronchiectasis with these bronchographic characteristics Williams-Campbell-type bronchiectasis, even if a decrease in bronchial cartilage is not observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Right aortic arch with mirror-image branching and coarctation of the aorta--a case report].

The right aortic arch with coarctation of the aorta was reported. A 56-year-old woman admitted to the hospital because of headache and hypertension. Cardiac catheterization revealed the right aortic arch with coarctation of the aorta and 80 mmHg pressure gradient across the coarctation. The bypass operation with a 14 mm Dacron graft between the ascending to descending aorta was performed. There was no peak systolic pressure gradient between the ascending and descending aorta after bypass operation. This patient is the fourth case report with both mirror-image type right aortic arch and coarctation of the aorta.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1991

Ampicillin concentrations in human oral tissues following a single oral administration of lenampicillin.

1. Ampicillin concentrations in serum (n = 20), gingiva (n = 12), jawbone (n = 13), dental follicle (n = 12), radicular granuloma (n = 2) and radicular cyst (n = 2) were measured in specimens obtained during 0.5-2.5 hr after a single oral administration of lenampicillin (equivalent to 500 mg of ampicillin). 2. Measurable ampicillin concentrations were found in all serum and tissues. 3. Ampicillin concentrations in serum and tissues except for some gingiva and jawbone exceeded MIC for 90% of clinically isolated strains of alpha-hemolytic Streptococci. 4. Ampicillin concentrations in gingiva and jawbone were below the MIC for 90% in 2 out of 12 and 4 out of 13 specimens, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Standardization of definitions concerning smoking behavior among Japanese adolescents--results from the Japan Adolescent Smoking Survey (JASS)].

The aim of the Japan Adolescent Smoking Survey (JASS) is to standardize the definitions of smoking behavior among Japanese adolescents together with measurement methods and questionnaires concerned. A study of 9921 school children aged 9 to 18 years in 17 elementary schools, 16 junior high schools and 18 senior high schools in 9 prefectures, was conducted between June and July of 1989, to determine the relationship between actual smoking behavior during the past month or year and the "self-referent label" concerning their smoking status. The main results were as follows: 1) The percentage of those who smoked at least one cigarette during the past month showed a high degree of similarity to the percentage of those who referred to themselves as "regular smokers" or "occasional smokers". 2) Less than 10% of students who identified themselves as "never smokers" or "ex-smokers" smoked at least one cigarette during the past month, while more than 80% of students who referred to themselves as "regular smokers" or "occasional smokers" smoked during the past month. 3) On the whole, those who smoked 20 or more cigarettes during the past month referred to themselves as "regular smokers"; those who smoked between 2 and 19 cigarettes as "occasional smokers"; those who smoked 1 cigarette as "ex-smokers"; those who did not smoke during the past month as "never smokers". 4) The definition where students who smoked one cigarette during the past month are classified as a category of smoker, displayed a high level of sensitivity and specificity for all school-level groups and for both sexes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Clustering of suicides under age 20--seasonal trends and the influence of newspaper reports].

The existence of temporal clustering of suicides was analyzed by comparing the distribution of weekly numbers of suicides under age 20 in Japan (1982-1987) with a Poisson distribution. The linkage between newspaper reports about teenage suicides and these clusters of suicides was examined in an ecologic study. The following results were obtained: 1) The distribution of weekly numbers of suicides under age 20 was not consistent with a Poisson distribution. The observed numbers for weeks with clustering was higher than the expected numbers. Therefore it is suspected that teenage suicides was not an independent occurrence but clustered in specific weeks with clustering observed in April and between the 15th and 25th weeks in 1986. 2) The age and sex characteristics of those who committed suicide during the observed clusters every April did not differ from that of suicide victims for the rest of the year. The incidence ratio for suicide between 15th and 25th weeks in 1986 compared to the same period for other years was higher in girls than in boys, and higher in younger teenagers than older teenagers. Analysis by prefecture of suicides which occurred between the 15th and 25th weeks in 1986 showed high incidences for Hokkaido, Tohoku, Chugoku, and Shikoku blocks, and low incidences for the Kanto and Kinki blocks. 3) Twenty news articles reporting teenage suicides with headings much larger than four columns appeared in the Asahi Newspaper in 1982-87. Significant linkage between newspaper reports about teenage suicides and trend of weekly numbers of suicides in 1985 and 1986 was not observed. 4) Weekly numbers of suicides significantly increased following newspaper reports on January 23rd 1985 and on April 8th 1986, describing a suicide caused by battering, and a jumping suicide of a young singer who was popular among teenagers, respectively. However no increase in the number of suicides was observed following other newspaper reports.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Smoking and alcohol drinking behavior among Japanese adolescents--results from "Japan Know Your Body Study"].

The "Japan Know Your Body Study" (JKYB) is an example of collaborative activities of technology transfer carried out in Japan in several phases. The first phase is a needs assessment and data collection survey and it was administered during 1989. A survey was conducted throughout 9 prefectures in Japan with participation by 49 schools. Subjects were students in elementary, junior and senior high schools who ranged in age from 6 to 18 years. Participants, 12,892 in total, completed a survey on knowledge, attitude and behavior regarding cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, diet, exercise and so on. The main results concerning cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking behavior were as follows: 1) The percentage of monthly male smokers rose remarkably from 8% in the third grade of junior high school to 37% in the third grade of senior high school, while that of female smokers showed a slow rise from 3% to 15%. The sex difference for smoking behavior was clear among senior high school students. 2) Smoking rates increased in proportion to the numbers of parents, siblings and friends who smoked. Above all, smoking behavior of friends was strongly related. Among senior high school students, for example, 50% of males and 46% of females who had two or more smoking friends were smokers, as compared to 5% of males and 2% of females with no smoking friends. 3) The percentage of monthly drinkers rose at a steady pace from 13% of males and 7% of females in the fifth grade of elementary schools to 59% of males and 50% of females in the third grade of senior high schools. The sex difference for alcohol drinking behavior among senior high school students, while statistically significant, was not as pronounced as that for smoking behavior. These results suggest that tobacco- and alcohol-use prevention programs should be introduced in elementary schools and those programs should include components relating to the social influences of parents, siblings and friends.

Adolescent↗