Biomedical subjects

Y Naya

Publications and source records attributed to Y Naya.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Do motorcyclists have erectile dysfunction? A preliminary study.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between motorcycling and erectile dysfunction (ED). We investigated the relationship between motorcycling and erectile function using the 5-items version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF5) in 234 motorcyclists (response rate 75%) and 752 healthy controls (response rate 66%). In all, 161 (69%) of 234 motorcyclists were diagnosed as ED based on IIEF5. The prevalence of ED in the motorcycle group increased by age as: 58, 63, 76 and 93%, for motorcyclists in 20-29, 30-39, 40-49 and 50-59 years, respectively. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of ED between the motorcycle group and the control group in all age groups. On stepwise logistic regression analysis, motorcycling was the strongest risk factor for ED. Although the severity of ED in motorcyclists was not so severe, motorcycling may be one of risk factors for ED.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma.

We reviewed 10 cases of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma and compared the results with those of a recent series of 11 patients who underwent open adrenalectomy. Of the 10 cases, the tumor was removed successfully in all cases except in one case with laparoscopy that required open laparotomy. A pair of laparoscopic coagulating scissors was utilized in all except the initial two cases. In the laparoscopy group (excluding the initial two cases and the case that required conversion to open surgery), mean operative time and blood loss were 145 min and 55 ml, respectively. No significant difference was observed in mean operative time between the laparoscopy group and the open surgery group (165 min for open surgery). Mean blood loss of the laparoscopy group was significantly less than that of the open surgery group (330 ml for open surgery, P = 0.01). Mean intervals to first ambulation and oral intake, and postoperative hospital stay of the laparoscopy group, tended to be less than those of the open surgery group, although no statistical significance was observed (2.3 versus 3.2 d, 2.9 versus 3.6 d, and 12 versus 14 d, respectively). We conclude that laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma is equally effective and less invasive than open adrenalectomy and should be considered the therapy of choice even for pheochromocytoma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Significant decrease of the International Index of Erectile Function in male renal failure patients treated with hemodialysis.

In order to evaluate the erectile function in male renal failure patients treated with hemodialysis (HD), we investigated the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) in patients and healthy controls. The subjects were 174 male patients treated with HD, of whom 43 had diabetes mellitus (DM) and the remaining 131 patients did not have DM. The controls were 1133 healthy males. We evaluated the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) using the erectile function (EF) score, which is one of the five domains of the IIEF, in each age group (upto 39 y old, 40-49 y old, 50-59 y old, 60-69 y old). The severity of ED was classified into five categories using EF in each age group. The univariate logistic regression analysis and multiple variate analysis of IIEF in HD patients were performed. The prevalence of ED in HD patients was significantly higher than that in the controls in each age group. The severity of ED in HD patients was also significantly higher than that in the controls in each age group. In the logistic regression analysis and multiple variate analysis of IIEF in HD patients, DM and age were significant risk factors on sexual dysfunction. ED was more prevalent in male renal failure patients treated with HD than in the controls. In the patient group, ED was more prevalent in older DM patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Erythrocyte aldose reductase correlates with erectile dysfunction in diabetic patients.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. Erythrocyte aldose reductase (AR) has been implicated in a variety of diabetic complications. The subjects were 62 diabetic patients, of whom 25 were treated with hemodialysis (chronic renal failure CRF group) and the remaining 37 did not have chronic renal failure (DM group). The controls were 20 healthy volunteers age-matched to the patients. The level of AR was measured by the quantitative determination kit for AR in all patients and controls. In this study, ED was diagnosed by 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5). The average level of AR in the CRF group was significantly higher than that in the DM group and controls (P<0.001). The average level of AR in the DM group without ED was significantly lower than that in the DM group with ED and controls (P<0.005). These results suggest that the level of AR may be a useful modality for prediction of ED in diabetic patients.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Association of dietary fatty acids with urinary oxalate excretion in calcium oxalate stone-formers in their fourth decade.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of the dietary intake of fatty acid on urinary oxalate excretion in calcium oxalate stone-formers in their fourth decade, as previous reports show that animal fat intake is associated with urinary oxalate excretion. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The dietary intake of 58 idiopathic stone-formers in their fourth decade was recorded using the dietary-record method. The patients collected 24-h urine samples at home and their urinary oxalate excretion was measured in a clinical biochemistry laboratory. The results were used to determine the relationship between the dietary intake of fatty acids and urinary oxalate excretion. Associations between urinary oxalate excretion and dietary contents of animal fat, animal protein and various fatty acids were assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient and multiple regression. RESULTS: The dietary content of arachidonic acid was positively correlated with urinary oxalate excretion, as assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: The association between arachidonic acid and oxalate excretion suggests that arachidonic acid increases the intestinal absorption of oxalate and increases the clearance of oxalate in the kidneys.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy: comparison of transperitoneal and retroperitoneal approaches.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness and efficiency of transperitoneal anterior laparoscopic adrenalectomy with that of retroperitoneal posterior laparoscopic adrenalectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective comparison was undertaken of 28 patients who underwent transperitoneal anterior laparoscopy with 22 patients who underwent retroperitoneal posterior laparoscopy between April 1994 and November 2000. There were 18 men and 32 women (mean age 51.0 years, range 23-68) with varying diagnoses. Of the 50 patients, 31 had primary aldosteronism, eight had Cushing's syndrome, three had phaeochromocytoma, one had an 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone-induced adenoma and seven had non-functioning adrenal adenoma. Adrenal tumours were confirmed by hormonal assays, biochemical tests and computed tomography. To determine the site of the functioning adenoma, hormones were assayed from adrenal vein sampling. Thirty adrenal tumours were located on the right and 20 on the left. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in general demographic variables between the transperitoneal and retroperitoneal groups. The mean duration of surgery for transperitoneal and retroperitoneal laparoscopy was 202 and 221 min, respectively, and the mean blood loss 113 and 192 mL, respectively. The time to first oral intake, days to full diet, time until ambulatory and duration of hospitalization did not differ significantly between the two approaches. As the body mass index increased, the duration of surgery increased for both approaches. As more procedures were performed the duration of surgery decreased for both approaches. CONCLUSIONS: There were no significant differences between the transperitoneal and retroperitoneal approaches for laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗

PubMed2001

Backward spreading of memory-retrieval signal in the primate temporal cortex.

Bidirectional signaling between neocortex and limbic cortex has been hypothesized to contribute to the retrieval of long-term memory. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the time courses of perceptual and memory-retrieval signals in two neighboring areas in temporal cortex, area TE (TE) and perirhinal cortex (PRh), while monkeys were performing a visual pair-association task. Perceptual signal reached TE before PRh, confirming its forward propagation. In contrast, memory-retrieval signal appeared earlier in PRh, and TE neurons were then gradually recruited to represent the sought target. A reasonable interpretation of this finding is that the rich backward fiber projections from PRh to TE may underlie the activation of TE neurons that represent a visual object retrieved from long-term memory.

Action Potentials↗

PubMed2000

Correlation of histological inflammation in needle biopsy specimens with serum prostate- specific antigen levels in men with negative biopsy for prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVES: To reveal the possible contribution of histological inflammation within the prostate to the abnormal elevation of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in patients with needle biopsy negative for prostate cancer. METHODS: We reviewed negative needle biopsy specimens obtained in 93 patients. The degree of acute and chronic inflammation as evaluated histologically was compared with serum PSA levels in conjunction with age and prostate volume. RESULTS: Both age (P <0.01) and prostate volume (P <0.0001) correlated significantly with serum PSA levels and were significantly greater in patients with abnormal serum PSA levels (greater than 4.0 ng/mL) than in those with normal serum PSA levels (4.0 ng/mL or less) (P <0.01). The presence of histological inflammation within the prostate also correlated significantly with serum PSA levels. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated prostate volume to be the only independent determinant of serum PSA levels (P <0.01). In patients with a prostate volume larger than 25 mL, only prostate volume correlated significantly with serum PSA levels (P <0. 05). On the other hand, the degree of acute inflammation as represented by polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration was the only parameter correlating significantly with serum PSA levels (P <0.05) in patients with a prostate volume smaller than 25 mL. CONCLUSIONS: Histologically defined acute inflammation within the prostate is a significant contributor to elevated serum PSA levels, especially in patients with small prostates. In the assessment of needle biopsy results negative for prostate cancer, it might be helpful to evaluate the degree of histological inflammation, especially in terms of the necessity of subsequent repeated biopsies.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Effect of dietary intake on urinary oxalate excretion in calcium oxalate stone formers in their forties.

PURPOSE: To examine the influence of dietary intake on urinary oxalate excretion in calcium oxalate stone formers in their forties. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Dietary intake was recorded by using the dietary-record method in 58 idiopathic stone formers in their forties. The patients collected their urine for 24 h at home and their urinary oxalate excretion was measured. The relationship between the dietary intake of various nutrients and urinary oxalate excretion was examined by mono- and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The intake of animal fat was correlated with urinary oxalate excretion by monovariate analysis, but that of total protein, animal protein, calcium and carbohydrate were not. By multivariate analysis, the intake of animal fat was correlated with urinary oxalate excretion and the intake of calcium was inversely correlated with urinary oxalate excretion. CONCLUSION: The intake of animal fat was positively and the intake of calcium was negatively correlated with the urinary oxalate excretion in stone formers in their forties. It was shown that animal fat plays an important role in urinary oxalate excretion.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Doppler resistive index in benign prostatic hyperplasia: correlation with ultrasonic appearance of the prostate and infravesical obstruction.

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to characterize the resistive index (RI) of prostatic blood flows obtained by transrectal power Doppler sonography (TRPDS) in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHOD: In 140 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms, the RI was measured using TRPDS and compared with age and planimetric parameters of the prostate obtained by conventional transrectal sonography. In addition, the RI was related with pressure flow studies. RESULTS: The RI was significantly higher in patients with BPH (0.72+/-0.06, p<0.0001) than those with a normal prostate (0. 64+/-0.04). Although the RI correlated significantly with age and all prostatic planimetric parameters, multiple regression analysis revealed that age and presumed circle area ratio were independent predictors for RI. The RI was also higher in patients with infravesical obstruction than those without (0.74+/-0.06 vs. 0. 70+/-0.05, p<0.005). There was a significant correlation between RI and urodynamic parameters obtained in pressure flow studies. Out of 33 patients with obstruction, 28 (85%) had an RI of 0.7 or more, while 11 out of 24 patients (46%) without obstruction had an RI less than 0.7. CONCLUSION: The RI is promising as a new parameter to estimate the intraprostatic pressure to investigate BPH. Its value to represent urodynamic information during voiding remains to be studied.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Acupuncture on clinical symptoms and urodynamic measurements in spinal-cord-injured patients with detrusor hyperreflexia.

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the possible use of acupuncture for the treatment of urinary incontinence caused by detrusor hyperreflexia in patients with chronic spinal cord injuries. METHODS: A total of 13 patients (11 males, 2 females) suffering from urinary incontinence due to spinal cord injuries were treated by acupuncture, which was carried out with disposable stainless steel needles inserted into the bilateral BL-33 (Zhongliao) points on the skin of the third posterior sacral foramina. Urodynamic studies were also performed before acupuncture, immediately after the 1st acupuncture and 1 week after the 4th acupuncture. In 6 patients, these urodynamic studies were performed again 1 month after the 4th acupuncture. RESULTS: No side effects were recognized throughout the treatment period. Of the 13 patients, incontinence disappeared in 2 (15%) and decreased to 50% or less compared to baseline in a further 6 (46%). Maximum cystometric bladder capacity increased significantly from 76.2 +/- 62.3 to 148.1 +/- 81.5 ml 1 week after the 4th acupuncture (p < 0.01). In the 6 patients in whom cystometry was repeated 1 month after the 4th acupuncture, bladder capacity decreased from 187.5 +/- 90.4 ml 1 week after the 4th acupuncture to 128.3 +/- 93.4 ml. CONCLUSION: In spinal cord injury patients acupuncture could represent another valuable therapeutic alternative to the treatment of urinary incontinence caused by detrusor hyperreflexia.

Acupuncture Therapy↗

PubMed2000

[Clinical experiences of endotoxin removal columns in septic shock due to urosepsis: report of three cases].

Clinical experiences of endotoxin removal using polymyxin B immobilized fiber column (PMX) in three septic shock patients are reported. The patients were referred to our hospital with complaints of high fever and severe pain during urination. Physical examination and laboratory data revealed severe hypotension, tachycardia, and pyuria. Diagnoses of septic shock due to urosepsis were made. After antibiotic therapy and anti-shock therapy, direct hemoperfusion using polymyxin B immobilized fiber column (PMX) was carried out. Thereafter, cardiovascular instabilities were improved without increasing the supply of catecholamines. PMX therapy for systemic inflammatory response due to infection was effective in treatment of cardiovascular instabilities.

Aged↗

PubMed1999

Comparative morphometric study of bladder detrusor between patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and controls.

PURPOSE: We determined the change in the amount of connective tissue of the detrusor in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in relation to the degree of bladder hypertrophy by ultrasound estimated bladder weight. The ratio of connective tissue-to-smooth muscle between controls and BPH cases was compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For normal controls we used cadaver bladders excised at autopsy from 13 men with no urinary tract diseases. Bladder wall samples were also obtained at subcapsular prostatectomy for BPH in 26 patients. On thin sections stained with Masson trichrome, the ratio of connective tissue-to-smooth muscle was measured using a computer assisted color image analysis. This ratio was compared in BPH cases with estimated bladder weight, which was measured preoperatively using transabdominal ultrasonography. RESULTS: A connective tissue-to-smooth muscle ratio ranged from 19.8 to 28.2% (mean plus or minus standard deviation 24.7+/-2.4) and from 12.9 to 53.3% (27.3+/-9.9) in control and BPH cases, respectively. In BPH cases a significant correlation was noted between estimated bladder weight and connective tissue-to-smooth muscle ratio (r=0.788, p <0.0001). Interestingly, in BPH cases with an estimated bladder weight of less than 60 gm. the ratio ranged from 12.9 to 30.4% (22.8+/-4.9), which was not significantly different compared to control cases. In contrast, in all BPH cases with an estimated bladder weight of 60 gm. or more connective tissue-to-smooth muscle ratio increased significantly to more than 30% (range 33.4 to 53.3%, mean 42.2+/-13.6%). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that abnormal increase of connective tissue in addition to smooth muscle hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia could contribute to advanced bladder hypertrophy caused by infravesical obstruction.

Aged↗

PubMed1998

Intraobserver and interobserver variance in the measurement of ultrasound-estimated bladder weight.

Recently, we reported that ultrasound-estimated bladder weight (UEBW) could be used as a noninvasive tool in evaluating the degree of bladder hypertrophy. This study was designed to test the reproducibility of its measurement. The overall mean UEBW of the initial measurement and that of the second one by one observer in 36 cases was 42.8 +/- 22.6 g and 42.9 +/- 22.6 g, respectively. The paired differences between two measurements ranged from -3.4 to 2.7 g, with a mean difference of only -0.1 g. The interobserver variance was also slight. The paired differences between UEBW measurements derived from the two observers in 32 cases ranged from -6.0 to 7.9 g, with a mean difference of only 0.1 g. The Cochran's test statistic of the measurements of UEBW was 0.142 for one observer and 0.130 for two, which were less than its 5% critical value. Due to these favorable characteristics, UEBW could be reliable tool for the investigation of bladder hypertrophy with a sufficient reproducibility.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Significant changes in volume of seminal vesicles as determined by transrectal sonography in relation to age and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

We evaluated the changes in volume of the seminal vesicles as determined by transrectal sonography in terms of the possible relationship with aging, lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in community based populations in Japan. In 641 men (55-86 year, mean 67) on a mass screening program for prostatic diseases, the maximum horizontal area of the seminal vesicles (MHA) was compared with age, American Urological Association (AUA) symptom index scores and transrectal ultrasonic parameters of the prostate including prostatic volume, transition zone (TZ) volume, TZ index and presumed circle area ratio (PCAR). Simple regression analyses demonstrated that MHA correlated significantly with age, prostatic volume, TZ volume, TZ index and PCAR, but not with AUA symptom index scores. Multiple regression analysis revealed age, prostatic volume and PCAR to be independent determinants of MHA. There was a difference in MHA between subjects with BPH (7.1+/-2.5 cm2) and those with a normal prostate (5.6+/-2.1 cm2) with a statistical significance. In the morphological evaluation of the seminal vesicles, the significant influence of age and BPH has to be taken into account.

Aged↗

PubMed1998

[A case of pheochromocytoma with a large pseudocyst].

We report a case of pheochromocytoma with a markedly large pseudocyst. A 51-year-old man with the complaint of headache and palpitation was referred to our hospital. Ultrasonography (US) revealed a right adrenal cystic mass. Computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed an adrenal cyst. MRI showed a high intensity mass in both T1 and T2-weighted-images, suggesting an adrenal hemorrhagic cyst. 131I-meta-iodo-benzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy showed a prominent accumulation at the right adrenal lesion. Considering the abnormal elevation of cathecholamines in blood and urine samples, we performed right adrenolectomy with the clinical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. 131I-MIBG scintigraphy was the most important diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗

PubMed1998

Noninvasive evaluation of bladder compliance in children using ultrasound estimated bladder weight.

PURPOSE: In healthy children as well as those with urinary disturbance we determined ultrasound estimated bladder weight with the aim of revealing its possible usefulness as a measure of bladder compliance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured ultrasound estimated bladder weight in 71 healthy children with a mean age of 10.3 years, and determined a standard value. A total of 82 patients with a mean age of 9.6 years with urinary disturbance also underwent ultrasound estimated bladder weight measurement as well as conventional urological examinations, including filling cystometry. RESULTS: In healthy children ultrasound estimated bladder weight increased with age, showing a significant linear correlation (r = 0.80, p < 0.0001). Using the formula for linear correlation, 0.86 x patient age + 6.9 gm., we obtained an age matched estimated weight. In 82 patients the percent deviation of the estimate from age matched values was calculated using the formula, (measured ultrasound estimated bladder weight -age matched ultrasound estimated bladder weight)/age matched ultrasound estimated bladder weight x 100, and then correlated with bladder compliance. In 75 of 77 patients (97%) with compliance of 10 ml./cm. water or more the estimate was within 100% deviation. In contrast, 4 of 5 patients (80%) with a low compliant bladder (less than 10 ml./cm. water) had an ultrasound estimated bladder weight greater than 100% deviation. When the estimate was within 100% deviation, all but 1 patient (75 of 76, 98.7%) had compliance of 10 ml./cm. water or more compared to 33.3% (2 of 6) of those with an estimate greater than 100% deviation. As a result, with the use of a cutoff value of 100% deviation ultrasound estimated bladder weight predicted a low compliant bladder with a diagnostic accuracy as high as 96.3% (79 of 82 cases). CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound estimated bladder weight may be used to evaluate bladder compliance in children. It seems to be a suitable noninvasive urodynamic test in children with suspected urodynamic abnormalities.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Correlation of presumed circle area ratio with infravesical obstruction in men with lower urinary tract symptoms.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the predictive value of ultrasonic measurements obtained by transrectal ultrasonography for infravesical obstruction as evaluated by pressure flow studies. METHODS: In 85 men with moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms, ultrasonic measurements including prostatic volume, transition zone volume, transition zone index (transition zone volume/prostatic volume), and presumed circle area ratio (PCAR) were compared with urodynamic parameters obtained by pressure flow studies. RESULTS: There were significant interrelationships between these ultrasonic measurements, which were all significantly greater in the obstructed patients than in the unobstructed patients. A simple regression analysis demonstrated that prostatic volume (r = 0.362, P < 0.001), transition zone volume (r = 0.373, P < 0.0005), transition zone index (r = 0.331, P < 0.005), and PCAR (r = 0.487, P < 0.0001) correlated significantly with the Abrams-Griffiths number. More importantly, a multiple regression analysis demonstrated PCAR to be the only independent determinant of the Abrams-Griffiths number. A receiver operator characteristics curve analysis showed that 0.8 was the most suitable cutoff value of PCAR for the prediction of infravesical obstruction with a diagnostic accuracy of 76.5%. CONCLUSIONS: PCAR is useful as a transrectal ultrasonic measurement in assessing the severity of infravesical obstruction in men with lower urinary tract symptoms.

Aged↗