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Biomedical subjects

Y Nogami

Publications and source records attributed to Y Nogami.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Structure and lipophilicity profile of 2,3-anhydro-alpha-cyclomannin and its ethanol inclusion complex.

Readily available from alpha-cyclodextrin in three steps, 2,3-anhydro-alpha-cyclomannin composed of six alpha-(1-->4)-linked 2,3-anhydro-D-mannopyranose residues, crystallizes well when precipitated from aqueous ethanol. An X-ray structure reveals the macrocycle to contain ethanol in its cavity, thus representing the first inclusion complex of a non-glucose cyclooligosaccharide. The wider rim of the torus-shaped macrocycle holds the six epoxide rings whose oxygens point away from the cavity, thereby sculpturing the unique over-all shape of a six-pointed star.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Eating disorders in Japan: a review of the literature.

Although a form of eating disorders had been described by Kampo (Chinese traditional medicine) physicians during the last quarter of the 18th century, the modern study on eating disorders in Japan dates from the end of the 1950s. With the rapid increase in the number of cases, research activities have become very active recently. Both the past and present status of eating disorders and of research activities relating to them in Japan are not well known in other countries. This study concentrates on a review of the literature, with a focus on prevalence, etiology, and symptoms.

Feeding and Eating Disorders↗
PubMed1997

Size-selective sampling of oil mist in air and subjective symptoms among machine workers.

Oil mists at an automobile factory were measured size-selectively. Furthermore, subjective symptoms were surveyed through the distribution of a questionnaire. The measured levels of respirable-size, 2-10 micrometer oil mists at 3 selected workshops ranged 0.04-0.09 mg/m3 for the lower exposed group (17 men), 0.10-0.18 mg/m3 for the higher exposed group (16 men) to water-insoluble oil, and 0.08-0.29 mg/m3 for the higher exposed group (19 men) to water-soluble oil. The higher the level of exposure to respirable-size particulates, the more workers complained of dissatisfaction with air quality. As to the subjective symptoms, the "yes" rate for "irritated nose" and "sneezing" showed significant differences among the unexposed, lower exposed, and higher exposed groups. Workers using water-soluble oil complained of "uncomfortable smell" more than those who used water-insoluble oil. The results of this study suggested that it is necessary to measure the levels of oil mists size-selectively.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1995

Treatment of a giant coronary artery aneurysm in an adult with a history of Kawasaki disease by resection and bypass grafting: report of a case.

We report herein the case of a 22-year-old man with a history of Kawasaki disease who developed a giant calcified aneurysm of the left main coronary artery. The aneurysm was successfully resected and coronary bypass surgery was performed using the bilateral internal thoracic arteries. The resected aneurysm, the maximal diameter of which was 27 mm, showed heavy calcification of the inner layer and extended into the adjacent coronary arteries, producing a significant narrowing of the lumen of both the left main trunk (50%) and the anterior descending branch (50%). Extensive intimal calcification presumably prevented normal luminal development and produced a significant narrowing as the patient grew into adulthood. A cause for stenotic lesions developing in the coronary artery adjacent to a coronary aneurysm in adults with a history of Kawasaki disease is suggested here by the resected aneurysm seen in this patient. Thus, adult patients with giant coronary artery aneurysms and significant stenotic lesions of the coronary artery associated with Kawasaki disease may require aneurysmectomy in addition to bypass surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm at the apex--a case report of successful resection of the enlarging pseudoaneurysm following mitral valve replacement, which was caused by closed mitral commissurotomy 23 years ago].

A 47-year-old male with pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle secondary to mitral valve replacement was herein reported because of its unique etiology. The pseudoaneurysm was presumably resulted from the mitral valve dilator wound at the apex of the left ventricle, which was produced by closed mitral commissurotomy 23 years ago. To our knowledge, it seems to be a rare reported case with pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle caused by closed transventricular mitral commissurotomy.

Aneurysm, False↗
PubMed1994

Evaluation of urinary enzymes in dogs with early renal disorder.

We investigated urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase NAG (EC 3.2.1.30), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase gamma-GTP (EC 2.3.2.2) and glycyl-prolyl dipeptidyl aminopeptidase GP-DAP (EC 3.4.14.5) in dogs with heartworm disease and renal failure. In the renal failure dogs, the NAG, gamma-GTP and GP-DAP index were significantly higher than those in the healthy dogs. In the heartworm disease dogs with normal chest X-rays (HW I), none of the enzyme values was significantly different from those of the healthy controls. In the dogs with heartworm disease showing abnormal heart shadows on their chest X-rays (HW II), enzyme values were significantly higher than those in the healthy dogs (P < 0.01) and the HW I dogs (P < 0.01). Thus, these urinary enzymes tests are available for the early detection of renal disorders.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1994

[Exertional hypoxemia evaluated by pulse oximetry in patients with interstitial lung diseases].

The pattern of change in arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2) measured by pulse oximetry (PO) during exercise, including daily activities, was studied in 23 patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), 19 of whom had idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 3 collagen vascular disease, and 1 BOOP. Hypoxemia, as detected by PO appeared without dyspnea at the beginning of exertion or at a mild workload. Exercise usually induced significant changes in the same fashion first in heart rate, then in SpO2, and then in dyspnea, but stair climbing had a different pattern. Workload at the lactate threshold (LT) and symptom-limited maximal exercise (SL) in a bicyclergometer incremental exercise test correlated well with distance walked in a 10-minute walking test (10-eMD) (p < 0.01). Similarly, the degree in desaturation in each exercise test was closely correlated (p < 0.01). Exertional hypoxemia was more prominent in patients with ILD than in those with chronic pulmonary emphysema. Nevertheless, dyspne changed less per change in SpO2 in ILD patients. We conclude that prolonged monitoring of SpO2 by PO will disclose the presence of exertional desaturation in ILD patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

Chronological changes of MRI findings on striatal damage after acute cyanide intoxication: pathogenesis of the damage and its selectivity, and prevention for neurological sequelae: a case report.

A 31-year-old male technician in an electroplating factory, who had been suffering from the temporal lobe epilepsy for 24 years and from hypertension for 2 years, took an unknown amount of potassium cyanide apparently over the lethal dose, in an attempt to commit suicide. He was treated successfully and survived without any neurological sequelae. The electroencephalograms and the nature of the seizures were not different before and after the poisoning. The T2-weighted magnetic resonance images at 9 and 51 days after the poisoning showed bilateral elevation of signals in the caudate nuclei and the putamina. At the 143th and 286th days. T2-weighted high-resonance areas were restricted to the lateral portion of the putamina. The T1-weighted images at the 51st day showed abnormal signal elevations in both putamina, while those of 9th, 143th and 286th days were mainly normal. Selective vulnerability of the putamen and the caudate nucleus may be due to their specific structural properties of high oxygen and glucose utilization, and enzyme distribution. Both chronological changes of striatal damage and the absence of neurological sequelae in this patient suggest the possibility that anti-epileptics and a calcium antagonist played a neuroprotective role in the acute cyanide intoxication.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Pathological changes in epidemic porcine Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

An outbreak of epidemic porcine Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia on a "farrow-to-finish" pig farm was examined. The clinical disease was observed in weanling piglets, mostly in the seventh to eleventh weeks of life. Lesions of P. carinii pneumonia were detected histologically in the pigs at 36 to 75 days of age. These included pulmonary septal thickening, with mononuclear cell infiltration, swelling of the alveolar lining, an intra-alveolar exudate and the presence of P. carinii organisms. Focal pneumonia was seen at 36-43 days of age and diffuse pneumonia at 46-75 days. This outbreak resembled the infantile epidemic form of P. carinii pneumonia in man, in being age-related and in causing a non-suppurative intense inflammatory response in the lungs.

Animals↗