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Y Pérol

Publications and source records attributed to Y Pérol.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Transient hydrops fetalis associated with intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection: prenatal diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: Intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection is usually unrecognized during pregnancy. However, in some cases, ultrasound abnormalities can be observed in association with cytomegalovirus infection. CASE: The prenatal diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection in a fetus with transient hydrops is reported. Fetal ascites was first recognized by routine ultrasound examination at 20 weeks' gestation. Hydrops fetalis was obvious at 23 weeks and completely resolved 1 week later. Cytomegalovirus was detected from amniotic fluid samples by centrifugal culture and direct immunofluorescent examination. The diagnosis of maternal primary infection could be established retrospectively by demonstrating immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM seroconversion on sequential sera. The pregnancy was electively terminated. Autopsy findings were consistent with fetal disseminated infection. CONCLUSION: Transient hydrops fetalis in association with intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection is infrequent. The resolution of hydrops fetalis could be explained by hepatic dysfunction of limited duration. Amniotic fluid culture is a reliable approach for diagnosing intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection, but does not predict the severity of the disease or the outcome of the pregnancy. The long-term clinical significance of intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection has to be established.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Cytomegalovirus antigenemia assay: therapeutic usefulness and biological significance.

The cytomegalovirus antigenemia test is based on immunocytochemical detection of HCMV early structural protein pp65 in the nuclei of polymorphonuclear blood leucocytes of patients with systemic infection. Specificity and sensitivity are > or = 90% and positivity correlates well with HCMV disease, allowing better monitoring than isolation from buffy coat of patients undergoing chemotherapy. Polymorphonuclear cells appear as a main site of initial HCMV infection and reactivation.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of MRC-5 and continuous cell lines for detection of cytomegalovirus in centrifugation cultures.

Continuous cell lines were assessed for use for rapid human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) detection procedures combining tissue culture, centrifugation, and immediate early antigen (IEA) immunostaining. Human cells (MRC-5 embryonic fibroblasts, U-373MG astrocytoma cells, differentiated teratocarcinoma (Tera-2) cells), murine cells (BALB/c-3T3 and Y-1 cells), BHK21 hamster cells, and mink lung (ML) cells were first inoculated with HCMV laboratory strain. IEA synthesizing cells were detected by immunoperoxidase assay using a monoclonal antibody. ML cells and differentiated Tera-2 cells exhibited more positive cells than MRC-5 cells. BHK21, and MRC-5 cells were equivalent in sensitivity whereas U-373MG, BALB/c-3T3, and Y-1 cells had only reduced IEA positive cells. When 63 urine specimens were inoculated onto MRC-5, ML and differentiated Tera-2 cells, 20 (31.7%) were positive in MRC-5 cells versus 18 (28.5%) in ML or Tera-2 cells. Moreover, greater numbers of infected cells were detected in MRC-5 cells than in these two cell lines. MRC-5 cells were superior for detection of HCMV in clinical samples by centrifugation cultures.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

The effect of treatment with zidovudine with or without acyclovir on HIV p24 antigenaemia in patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in serum HIV p24-antigen levels in a subset of patients who participated in a European/Australian double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of zidovudine (250 mg every 6 h) alone or in combination with acyclovir (800 mg every 6 h) in patients with AIDS, AIDS-related complex (ARC) or Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). DESIGN: Double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of less than or equal to 6 months' therapy. SETTING: Samples were obtained from patients attending teaching hospital outpatient clinics in seven European countries and Australia. SUBJECTS: One hundred and ninety-seven HIV-infected patients (60 with AIDS and 137 with ARC or KS). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum HIV p24-antigen levels measured using the Abbott HIV solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: Of 76 ARC/KS patients who were initially HIV p24-antigen-positive, one out of 25 randomized to placebo, eight out of 23 to zidovudine and 11 out of 28 to the zidovudine/acyclovir combination became antigen-negative. The proportion of patients who became antigen-negative was significantly higher in both the zidovudine group (P = 0.016) and the zidovudine/acyclovir group (P = 0.004), compared with the placebo group. There were no statistical differences between the zidovudine and the zidovudine/acyclovir groups. During the trial p24-antigen levels in the zidovudine-treated patients reached their minimum after 4-8 weeks of therapy, and tended to increase gradually thereafter. Disease progression occurred irrespective of whether p24-antigen levels declined during therapy. No association between p24-antigen responses to therapy and baseline disease stage, Karnofsky score or baseline CD4 cell count was detectable. CONCLUSION: Acyclovir does not potentiate the effect of zidovudine on p24-antigen levels. Change in antigen level in response to antiviral therapy needs further investigation before it is used as a surrogate marker for clinical efficacy of antiviral therapy.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1991

[Comparative study of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal lethal concentration (MLC) values for tetracycline, monocycline, erythromycin and rokitamycin against eleven strains of Chlamydia trachomatis].

We evaluated the efficacy of tetracycline, minocycline, erythromycin and rokitamycin (rikamycine, TMS-19Q) in controlling in vitro propagation of Chlamydia trachomatis in HeLa 229 cells. Ten recent clinical isolates of Chlamydia trachomatis and one fast-growing strain were tested with inocula of 100-1,000 inclusion forming units per well of a 96-wheel microculture plate. Chlamydia trachomatis inclusions were detected by an immunoperoxidase-antiperoxidase procedure (PAP), including a genus-specific monoclonal antibody. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) geometric means and ranges were respectively 0.128, 0.015-0.25 mg/l tetracycline, 0.001, less than or equal to 0.001-0.004 mg/l minocycline, 0.187, 0.031-0.5 mg/l erythromycin, and 0.005, less than or equal to 0.001-0.062 mg/l rokitamycin; minimal lethal concentration (MLC) geometric means and ranges were 6.79, 0.125-32 mg/l tetracycline, 0.225, 0.062-2 mg/l minocycline, 3.37, 1-32 mg/l erythromycin, and 0.112, 0.031-1 mg/l rokitamycin. Since rokitamycin appears to be the more bactericidal from the four antibiotics tested, clinical studies in sexually transmitted diseases are indicated.

Chlamydia trachomatis↗
PubMed1990

In-vitro activity of azithromycin against Chlamydia trachomatis.

We evaluated the efficacy of azithromycin, erythromycin and doxycycline in controlling in-vitro propagation of Chlamydia trachomatis in HeLa 229 cells. Eight recent clinical isolates of C. trachomatis and two fast-growing strains were tested with inocula of 10(3)-10(5) inclusion forming units per well of a 96-well microtitre plate. C. trachomatis inclusions were detected by an immunoperoxidase-antiperoxidase procedure (PAP), including a genus-specific monoclonal antibody. MIC ranges were 0.064-0.25 mg/l azithromycin, 0.064-0.128 mg/l erythromycin and 0.016-0.064 mg/l doxycyline; MBC ranges were 2-8 mg/l azithromycin, 4-64 mg/l erythromycin and 0.5-8 mg/l doxycycline. Since azithromycin appears to be effective against C. trachomatis, clinical studies in sexually transmitted diseases are indicated.

Azithromycin↗
PubMed1990

Opportunistic agents in bronchoalveolar lavage in 99 HIV seropositive patients.

During a ten month period, 117 fibreoptic bronchoscopies and bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) were performed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients suspected of having opportunistic pulmonary infections. The BAL were classified into 3 groups, according to clinical manifestations related to HIV infection at the time of fibreoptic bronchoscopy: pre-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (n = 54), AIDS with Kaposi's sarcoma (n = 37), AIDS without Kaposi's sarcoma (n = 26). On chest X-ray, diffuse infiltrates were most common (54%), followed by normal X-rays (24%) and localized infiltrates (18%). Amongst the 117 BAL, 68 (58%) yielded at least one opportunistic agent. In 28 BAL performed for pulmonary signs or unexplained fever with normal chest X-rays, one or several opportunistic agents were isolated in 17 samples of BAL fluid. The most frequently identified opportunistic agents were Pneumocystis carinii (in 38% of BAL) and cytomegalovirus (35%); these were associated in 17% of BAL. There was no statistically significant difference in opportunistic agents among the 3 groups of BAL (pre-AIDS, AIDS with Kaposi's sarcoma, AIDS without Kaposi's sarcoma). In particular, cytomegalovirus was found in BAL with the same frequency in these 3 groups.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Occurrence of Epstein-Barr virus deoxyribonuclease enzyme activity-neutralizing antibodies. An index of Epstein-Barr virus disease.

The occurrence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) specific DNase antibodies was measured in the sera of 400 patients. Three hundred sera were positive (greater than or equal to 20) for early antigen diffuse component (EA-D) antibodies, as measured by indirect immunofluorescence (IF). One hundred sera were EA-D antibody-negative but had IF IgG titers (greater than 40) to the viral capsid antigen (VCA). Twenty-nine of the anti-EA-D-positive sera, and 14 of the anti-EA-D-negative sera showed specific inhibition of EBV DNase. The mean age of positive male patients (39 years) for DNase antibodies was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than the mean age of positive females (27 years). Thirteen of the 40 patients (29.5%) with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) had EBV DNase-neutralizing antibodies. No correlation between the level of anti-DNase antibodies and the antibody titer to EA-D or VCA was observed. These results support the notion that the EBV DNase antibody assay measures an independent index reflecting factual EBV disease.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of six methods for detecting human rotavirus in stools.

The following six methods for detecting rotavirus in human faecal samples were compared: electron microscopy, immune electron microscopy, immunofluorescence in cell culture, two enzyme immunoassays (Rotazyme, Enzygnost ) and a latex agglutination test ( Rotalex ). Specimens were collected from 112 children with diarrhoea. The relative sensitivities of the different assays for human rotavirus were as follows: electron microscopy, 84%; immunofluorescence, 86%; Rotalex , 88%; Rotazyme, 89%; immune electron microscopy, 93%; Enzygnost , 98%. According to our findings Enzygnost is the most sensitive method, but Rotalex is more valuable for screening a small number of faecal samples. No false-positive results were observed in the two enzyme immunoassays or in Rotalex .

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

[Parvovirus (serum-parvovirus-like-virus) and Aurillac antigen. A study of 18 cases].

Two cases of parvovirus viraemia were observed in 1972 by screening of blood donors for HBs Ag by counter-electrophoresis. This virus was named "Aurillac" from the town in which the first case originated. In London, a virus found in the same circumstances in 1975, was found identical to the Aurillac Ag. The authors named it "serum parvovirus-like virus" (SPLV) or parvovirus B 19. Since 1972, 16 additional cases have been observed in Paris. Among these 18 cases, 11 were blood donors, 4 were hospital staff and 3 were patients. Second serum samples were available for 13 of the 18 cases. Seroconversion has been detected in all except one, a patient with lymphosarcoma. Antibody could be observed within few days. Anti-Aurillac antibody was found by CEP in 25,3% of blood donors. Examination of antigen positive sera by immune electron microscopy using a late serum sample showed aggregates of spherical particles measuring 20 nm in diameter. The antigen banded in caesium chloride at a density of 1.38. Ten of the 15 healthy adults could be interviewed: 7 appeared symptomless, 1 had a fever up to 39 degrees C for one day, 2 had erythema (as well as 3 subjects who had been in contact with these 2 persons). These cases are discussed and compared to the British literature showing that this virus could provoke the fifth disease or erythema infectiosum and aplastic crisis in chronic hemolytic syndromes. This virus could contaminate clotting factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Physiopathology of cytomegalovirus infections].

Since more than fifteen years ago, the occurrence of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in transfused patients has incriminated blood as a potential vehicle for CMV transmission, resulting in post-transfusion mononucleosis (PTM). Although only Diosi and al. (1969) reported viraemia in two of 35 asymptomatic blood donors, CMV was not recovered from any leukocyte specimen of numerous healthy blood bank donors, assayed by cocultivation of undisrupted buffy coat with a virus sensitive monolayer of human fibroblasts. Nevertheless numerous experimental studies have shown that CMV might persist in very low titer or in a latent state in mononuclear leukocytes in monocytes and macrophages and in lymphocytes. A better knowledge of the site an mechanisms of latency should help to control CMV transmission by fresh and bank blood or transfusion of viable leukocytes.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical aspects of cytomegalovirus infection after allogenic bone marrow grafts].

CMV infection is one of the major infection after bone marrow transplantation. CMV viremia was systematically studied in 66 patients with aplastic anemia or leukemia undergoing BMT. 57% patients had CMV viremia with a frequency peak between 7 and 9 weeks after transplant. Clinical symptoms found during viremia were pancytopenia, fever, cytolytic hepatitis. Interstitial pneumonitis was found only in 4 cases. In 3 cases, viremia was not associated with clinical symptoms. Survival was identical to the group of patients without viremia. Viremia was positively associated with the presence of high anti-CMV antibody titer in donor or recipient before transplant, or to a lymphocyte proliferative response against CMV antigens in donor or recipient before BMT. Granulocyte transfusions increased the frequency of CMV viremia. CMV infection was significantly associated with acute and chronic graft versus host disease. The relation showed between these parameters and viremia provides a basis for an accurate diagnosis of CMV infection and a better background for the study of prophylactic or curative treatment of CMV infection.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1984

[Use of acyclovir in the prevention of herpes infections after allogenic bone marrow grafts].

In a double-bind controlled study, oral Acyclovir has been compared to a placebo in a series of 39 consecutive patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. A dose of 200 mg was given every 6 h from day 8 to day 35 after transplantation. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown the good absorption of the drug despite intestinal damage related to chemoradiotherapy or gut graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), there was no sign of toxicity. The protection against herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection was complete in the treated group when compared to the control group even in patients with high anti-HSV antibody titres. The same protection was observed against cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. The incidence of HSV and CMV was the same in both groups after treatment ended. This study confirms the efficacy of Acyclovir against HSV infection and possibly against CMV infection when it is given prophylactically after bone marrow transplantation.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1984

[Cutaneous manifestations of cytomegalovirus infections].

The cutaneous manifestations that occur commonly in cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are erythematous maculopapular eruptions or purpuric rashes . But, CMV has been detected in chronic mucosal and skin ulcerations, benign tumour-like lesions and eroded gingivitis. Most of these cutaneous lesions are secondary to vasculitis of the small dermal, subcutaneous tissue or submucosa vessels. The authors discuss the different physiopathological mechanisms which may be involved in the development of these viral-induced vasculitis. Dermal erythropoiesis in neonatal infants and localized granulomatous lesions have been also reported.

Adult↗