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Biomedical subjects

Y Pacheco

Publications and source records attributed to Y Pacheco.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[T-lymphocytes disorders in pulmonary sarcoidosis].

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder of unknown aetiology accompanied by variable immunological changes which concern both the monocyte and lymphocyte cell line. During the course of this disease anomalies of distribution (with accumulation in the disease tissue contrasting with a peripheral lymphopenia) and also of T cell functions (a predominance of CD4 T lymphocytes within the lesions and spontaneous expression of activation criteria) have been described. Recent works show some disturbances of T cell function and evoke the possibility of the initial pathology being related to this cell. Some current hypotheses place the T cell receptor for the antigen and the interleukin 2 receptor whose dysfunction will lead to an anomaly of the transduction of the activating signal of the T lymphocyte. The intrinsic origin (genetically determined) or extrinsically (retroviral) of these disturbances remains however to be determined.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Metachronous primary pulmonary cancers. Apropos of a new case report].

The appearance of a second primary lung cancer more than four months after the initial cancer is called a metachronous cancer (as opposed to a synchronous cancer). We provide a case report of an epidermoid carcinoma coming more than three years after the initial diagnosis of an anaplastic small cell cancer of the lung. This second cancer developed in a different territory from the initial lesion. Amongst the hypotheses proposed chemotherapy may through an oncogenic action favour the appearance of a new type of cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Karyotype study of blood lymphocytes in sarcoidosis].

Among 31 patients presenting with pulmonary sarcoidosis, two had abnormalities of their blood lymphocyte karyotypes. The karyotype of the first patient showed an initially high percentage of non-specifically broken chromosomes. The second patient, who had been treated with azathioprine (AZ) one year previously, had an apparently balanced translocation 46 XX, t (11; 11) (p 12, p 14) in blood T lymphocytes but not in skin fibroblast culture. Various hypotheses can be discussed to explain this translocation: a direct toxic effect of AZ or a genomic abnormality depending upon sarcoidosis and possibly revealed by AZ. It is important to note that this translocation concerned a region of the short arm of chromosome 11, where Harvey ras I and parathormone genes have been located.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase and cAMP, cGMP phosphodiesterases in lymphocytes and monocytes in sarcoidosis.

Among the various hypotheses proposed to explain immune cell defect in sarcoidosis, we examined thoroughly that of Faguet who described abnormalities of signal transmission at lymphocyte membrane level. Phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase and cAMP cGMP phosphodiesterases were studied in blood lymphocytes and monocytes from 8 subjects with sarcoidosis disease. Phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase (PMT1) plays an important regulatory role in membrane signal transmission. cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterases (PDE) regulate cytoplasmic cyclic nucleotide levels and so participate in the modulation of the cell cycle. We observed a decreased PMT1 activity in lymphocytes and monocytes and a decreased cAMP and cGMP PDE activities in monocytes. It is not now possible to say if these abnormalities are primary or secondary. Whatever the origin of this dysfunctioning, these results evoke simultaneous disturbances of membrane signal transmission and cell cycle in monocytes and membrane abnormalities in lymphocytes. These abnormalities could explain some immune cell defects in sarcoidosis disease.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1987

[Purulent pleurisy due to Legionella bozemanii].

Since the advent of antibiotics, the bacteriological profile of empyema has changed. It is necessary to recall the recently discovered organisms. Although rarely mentioned in the literature, the Legionnellas may be causative in an empyema. We report a case of empyema to Legionnella bozemanii proven seriologically.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1987

[Tracheobronchial lipomatosis. Apropos of a case].

A case of tracheo-bronchial lipomatosis is reported. Bronchial lipomas are benign fatty tumours which frequently result in bronchial superinfection or dyspnoea. The radiological image is often one of atelectasis, and the diagnosis is made at endoscopy. Treatment, rendered necessary by destruction of the underlying lung, is either endoscopic or surgical. Multiple localizations are exceptional and raise special therapeutic problems.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Methylation of membrane phospholipids of alveolar macrophages in pulmonary sarcoidosis and diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis].

Alveolar macrophage plays an important role in alveolitis pathogenesis and lung fibrosis process. Macrophages exhibit plasmic membrane biochemical modifications during cell activation. Phospholipid methylation is involved during plasmic membrane stimulation. Phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase I was measured in alveolar macrophage membrane from normal subjects and patients presenting with pulmonary sarcoidosis or interstitial lung fibrosis. We observed increased enzyme activity among sarcoidosis subjects with high intensity lung alveolitis and normal subjects receiving immunostimulating treatment (RU 41740). The role of membrane phospholipidic modifications in granulomatous process is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Different models for the study of a new anti-asthmatic substance].

The various physiopathological components of asthmatic disease are interwoven. Experimental models used to study the sites of impact of an anti-asthmatic substance seek to separate the different mechanisms. The in vitro bronchial tissue model is rarely available in man. Progress is being made towards the development of a multicellular and membrane experimental model. However, it is still difficult to establish links between clinical findings, the results of respiratory function tests and biological results at cell or membrane level. There would seem to be a number of essential basic factors in this area: determination of the categories of asthma studied, regular surveillance of respiratory function tests combining spirometric and plethysmographic studies with pharmacodynamic tests, precise therapeutic protocols and the simultaneous use of several cellular biological models.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1985

[Which therapeutic attitude should be adopted in the presence of non-small cell bronchopulmonary cancer?].

Complete surgical excision is the best method of obtaining cure. However, this is only possible in less than one quarter of the patients. In all of the other patients, the hopes for cure are based on combinations of chemotherapy-radiotherapy-surgery, in particular preoperative chemotherapy. Phase II trials of chemotherapy are underway. Real progress will only be achieved when joint multicentric studies can be conducted.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Phosphatidylethanolamine methylase and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activities in human B lymphoid hemopathies].

Phospholipid methylase and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activities were studied in human B lymphoïd hemopathies (51 patients: acute lymphoblastic leukemia, B lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia) and compared with activities in lymphoblastïd and Burkitt lymphoma cell lines and with normal B lymphocytes: methylase activity proved to be lower in ALL and high grade lymphoma and inversely related to the percent of cells in S phase state; the A/G ratio of phosphodiesterases was low in ALL and CLL and high in hairy cell leukemia and it was related to the percent of cells in S phase state.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1985

Azathioprine treatment of chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis.

The object of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the immuno-suppressor Azathioprine (AZ) on chronic and severe pulmonary sarcoidosis, with a persistent activity resistant to prolonged corticotherapy. The study was done on 10 patients (4 women, 6 men) afflicted by an histologically proven and chronic sarcoidosis, resistant to steroid treatment. The treatment consisted of a daily oral intake of 150 mg of AZ for six months. Its effectiveness was evaluated before and after treatment, in comparison with a control group and a steroid-treated group of sarcoid patients. Serologic and alveolar functional and immuno-biologic tests were performed in 8 cases according to the activity criteria defined at the IXth International Congress on sarcoidosis. No clinical or hematological side effects were observed; a clear and prolonged radiological and clinical amelioration was observed in 7 out of 10 cases and in 3 cases a restoration of sensibility to the tuberculin skin test; in the 8 cases a significant improvement (p less than 0.01) was noted after the sixth month of treatment only in the alveolar fluid in the following parameters: ACE, all the proteins studied and the percentage of lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Respiratory function and alveolar biological changes under the effect of CDP-choline in pulmonary interstitial pathology: pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis].

Various anomalies of pulmonary surfactant have been described in relation to acute respiratory distress syndromes, hypersensitivity lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is the essential phospholipid component of pulmonary surfactant. Cytidine diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) is an essential intermediary in the biosynthesis of PC. The authors studied two groups of patients: one group consisted of diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and the other consisted of pulmonary sarcoidosis with parenchymal involvement. They observed quantitative and qualitative abnormalities of the phospholipid fractions of surfactant and more particularly of PC. The finding of a marked decrease in this phospholipid, especially in the cases of pulmonary fibrosis, justified the study of the therapeutic effects of CDP-choline. After one month of treatment with this substance, at a dose of 1 g I.M. per day, the PC fraction had returned to normal and, at the same time, there was an improvement in the PaO2 at rest and after exercise. Long term administration of CDP-choline appears to be valuable in the maintenance of the phospholipid equilibrium of pulmonary surfactant and in the improvement of the quality of alveolar gas exchange.

Adult↗