Research and development regarding enzyme-resistant starch (RS) in the USA: a review.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Y Pomeranz.
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This is a review of production and cultivation methods of the accepted types and varieties of buckwheat. A brief description of seed characteristics and structure is followed by a detailed review of seed composition (carbohydrates, proteins, enzymes, lipids, and miscellaneous compounds) in mature and maturing buckwheat. A major part of the review deals with buckwheat uses as food, feed, honey, and rutin. Mechanical processing, thermal treatment, specific food uses, standard specifications, and changes during storage are covered. The review ends with a projection into the future and research needs.
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Sensitivity of a test in which a commercially available substrate was used for the assay of alpha-amylase in sprouted wheat has been increased by the use of optimally buffered (pH 6.20) Cibacron-Blue dyed amylose at 60 degrees C. With the modified test, measurable alpha-amylase levels were in the range of 3--30 millidextrinizing units (mDU) as compared to the 10--90 mDU range in a test previously reported for bread wheats. The modification extends the use of the test to evaluation of sprout damage in wheats used in the manufacture of Japanese noodles and sponge cakes.
A method is described for the rapid, convenient detection or estimation of sprout-damaged wheat by determining its alpha-amylase content colorimetrically. A commercially available substrate in the form of dyed amylose tablets is used. The extent of sprout damage can be determined qualitatively, or quantitatively when actual alpha-amylase concentration is required. Amylase content is determined by visual comparison with prepared colored standards or by spectrophotometric analysis. The method requires only 5 min incubation time and no elaborate equipment, and is sufficiently simple for use at locations having minimal laboratory facilities.
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