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Biomedical subjects

Y Q Jiang

Publications and source records attributed to Y Q Jiang.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Study of intraoperative mitomycin C in preventing recurrence after pterygium surgery].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of intraoperative application of mitomycin C (MMC) in pterygium and observe the ultrastructure change of pterygium with or without intraoperative application of MMC. METHODS: Sixty two eyes of 57 patients with primary pterygium were randomly divided into MMC group and control group, 29 patients (32 eyes) in MMC group underwent transposition with intraoperative application of MMC (0.4 mg.ml-1 for 1 minute), whereas 28 patients (30 eyes) in control group underwent transposition. The recurrence rate, complications and side effects were observed and compared between the two groups. The ultrastructure of pterygium with or without intraoperative application of MMC was studied with transmission electron microscopy. The mean follow-up was(7.6 +/- 3.4) months (1-13 minths). RESULT: Eleven eyes of the 30 eyes in control group (36.%) showed recurrence, whereas only 2 of 32 eyes (6.3%) in MMC group showed recurrence (P < 0.005). No severe complication and side effect appeared during the follow-up. Most of fibroblasts in pterygium that underwent intraoperative MMC occurred the change of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) dilatation. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative MMC appears to be an effective treatment in preventing recurrence of primary pterygium. The fibroblasts in pterygium have RER dilatation after application of MMC for 1 minute during the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Clinical diagnosis of lacrimal duct obstruction by digital subtraction dacryocystography].

OBJECTIVE: To illustrate the value of digital subtraction dacryocystography in the diagnosis of lacrimal duct obstruction. METHODS: Eighty-two normal eyes and 56 eyes with epiphora were investigated with digital subtraction dacryocystography and the dacryocystogram were studied. RESULTS: Lacrimal drainage system imaging by the digital subtraction dacryocystography provided reliable and accurate demonstration of lacrimal duct obstruction. CONCLUSION: Digital subtraction dacryocystography is a rapid, effective and noninvasive imaging technique, and it is helpful in the diagnosis, treatment and study of lacrimal duct obstruction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Effect of sodium nitroprusside on hemodynamics of corpus cavernosum in Chinese.

AIM: To study the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on the hemodynamics of corpus cavernosum in Chinese men with erectile dysfunction (ED). METHODS: In 68 ED patients receiving intracavernous injection (ICI) of SNP, the cavernous hemodynamics were studied by Doppler ultrasonography. RESULTS: The peak flow velocity (PFV), the artery diameter (Ad), the mean velocity of arterial blood (MV) and the vein diameter (Vd) were significantly higher after ICI of SNP than before ICI, but the end diastolic velocity (EDV) did not change significantly. CONCLUSION: The increase in Vd after SNP suggests that the venous outflow is not invariably decreased during penile erection.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[A home telemedicine system suitable for China].

The telemedicine developments in china and overseas are introduced in this article. The developmental direction of china home telemedicine, is also discussed, and then a home telemedicine system suitable for china is put forward, and its composition, principle, key components: the home tele-monitor and the remote computer center processing system are introduced in detail.

China↗
PubMed2001

[Investigation on the excited state dynamics properties of hemicyanine molecules].

In this paper, the excited state dynamics properties of hemicynine were investigated by using time-resolved fluorescence and 3D fluorescence spectra techniques. The interaction of hemicyanine molecules caused formation of H-aggregates and a blue shift of the 3D fluorescence spectra in interleaving hemicyanine/arachidic acid multilayers. The peak of fluorescence was a red shift along with the time decay. The lifetime of the LB fluorescence was much shorter and the difference of beginning luminescence was less than that of the hemicyanine solution due to the stronger intermolecule interactions in the aggregates.

English Abstract↗
PubMed2000

A clinical comparative study on effects of intracavernous injection of sodium nitroprusside and papaverine/phentolamine in erectile dysfunction patients.

AIM: To study the effect of intracavernous sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor, on penile erection. METHODS: Forty-two patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) were randomly assigned to receive SNP 300 micrograms or the control drugs (papaverine 30 mg + phentolamine 1 mg) intracavernously crosswise one week apart. The penile length, circumference and hardness after the administration of the experimental and control drugs were assessed and compared statistically. RESULTS: (1) There was no significant difference between the changes in penile length and circumference in the two occasions; (2) In 25 SNP and 28 control cases, the hardness of the penis was scored above 100 as evaluated by the Virag method (P > 0.05); (3) The duration of erection in the controls was longer than that in the SNP, but there were three priapism in the controls and not a single one in the SNP; (4) there was no apparent change in the heart rate and blood pressure in both occasions; other side effects were minimal except slight local pain in a few controls. CONCLUSION: SNP facilitates relaxation of the penile smooth muscle and penile erection without significant side effects. SNP may be used in ED patients that experience pain and priapism with papaverine/phentolamine.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Determination of notoginsenoside R1 in radix notoginseng by HPLC-ELSD].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for the determination of notoginsenoside R1 in Radix Notoginseng. METHOD: The HPLC-ELSD method was used for the determination. Chromatographic conditions: Shimpack CLC-ODS column(6.0 mm x 150 mm), acetonitrile-water(30:70) as the mobile phase, and Shimadzu LC-6A with SEDEX 55 ELSD detector. RESULT: The recovery rate is 101.57% and relative standard deviation 1.98%. CONCLUSION: The method is reliable for the quality control of Radix Notoginseng.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1998

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-acyl analogues of paclitaxel (Taxol).

The anticancer drug paclitaxel (Taxol) has been converted to a large number of 2-debenzoyl-2-aroyl derivatives by three different methods. The bioactivities of the resulting analogues were determined in both tubulin polymerization and cytotoxicity assays, and several analogues with enhanced activity as compared with paclitaxel were discovered. Correlation of cytotoxicity in three cell lines with tubulin polymerization activity showed reasonable agreement. Among the cell lines examined, the closest correlation with antitubulin activity was observed with a human ovarian carcinoma cell line.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMed1996

A convenient tubulin-based quantitative assay for paclitaxel (Taxol) derivatives more effective in inducing assembly than the parent compound.

A room temperature biochemical assay, based on centrifugal removal of tubulin polymer, was developed to permit ready detection of paclitaxel analogs more active than the parent compound and to permit reliable quantification of differences in activity relative to paclitaxel in terms of drug concentration. The assay was validated by comparing paclitaxel to two compounds (docetaxel and 2-debenzoyl-2-meta-azidobenzoylpaclitaxel) known to be more active under multiple reaction conditions. The assay was designed to yield a relatively high EC50 (23 microM) for paclitaxel. This was possible because paclitaxel only weakly induced tubulin assembly at room temperature in 0.4 M glutamate without exogenous GTP. Under these same reaction conditions 50% assembly occurred with 4.7 microM 2-debenzoyl-2-meta-azidobenzoylpaclitaxel and 11 microM docetaxel. These biochemical EC50 values were in agreement with the relative cytotoxicity of the three compounds for human Burkitt lymphoma CA46 cells (IC50 values for paclitaxel, docetaxel, and 2-debenzoyl-2-meta-azidobenzoylpaclitaxel were 40, 10, and 3 nM, respectively).

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Cytostatic gene therapy for vascular proliferative disorders with a constitutively active form of the retinoblastoma gene product.

Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation in response to injury is an important etiologic factor in vascular proliferative disorders such as atherosclerosis and restenosis after balloon angioplasty. The retinoblastoma gene product (Rb) is present in the unphosphorylated and active form in quiescent primary arterial SMCs, but is rapidly inactivated by phosphorylation in response to growth factor stimulation in vitro. A replication-defective adenovirus encoding a nonphosphorylatable, constitutively active form of Rb was constructed. Infection of cultured primary rat aortic SMCs with this virus inhibited growth factor-stimulated cell proliferation in vitro. Localized arterial infection with the virus at the time of balloon angioplasty significantly reduced SMC proliferation and neointima formation in both the rat carotid and porcine femoral artery models of restenosis. These results demonstrate the role of Rb in regulating vascular SMC proliferation and suggest a gene therapy approach for vascular proliferative disorders associated with arterial injury.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of changes in beta-tubulin and NF gene expression in rat DRG neurons under regeneration-permissive and regeneration-prohibitive conditions.

To examine the question of whether or not prevention of axonal regrowth after injury affects the molecular responses of neurons to axotomy, Northern blotting and in situ hybridization were used to study changes in the mRNA levels of neurofilament (NF) proteins and tubulins in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells. Adult male rats sustained either a crush lesion of the mid-sciatic nerve (regeneration-permissive condition) or a cut lesion of the sciatic nerve combined with ligation of the proximal nerve stump and removal of a large segment of the distal nerve (regeneration-prohibitive condition). At 14 days post-injury, the relative levels of the low (NF-L) and middle (NF-M) molecular weight NF protein mRNAs, as well as those of beta II- and beta III-tubulin, were examined in the L4 and L5 DRG. The data showed that the levels of NF-L and NF-M mRNAs decreased while beta II- and beta III-tubulin mRNA levels increased in the DRG after either crush axotomy or cut/ligation axotomy of the sciatic nerve, suggesting that the elicitation of these molecular changes by axon disconnection is independent of the ultimate success or failure of the axonal regrowth process. However, cut/ligation axotomy had a more pronounced effect than did crush injury on the mRNA changes. This result suggests that feedback mechanisms from regrowing axons are important in regulating the extent of the cytoskeletal mRNA changes in injured neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[A method of measuring iris radius by computerized image analysis].

A new method of measuring the iris contour has been set up with a personal computer. The model of a parabolic curve, an approximate mimic iris contour curve, was traced to define the profile contour of the iris from a photograph. A radius measured from the apex of the curvature of the parabola, named iris radius (IR), was calculated by a computer to describe the degree of the curvature of the iris contour. The iris radius of 93 eyes of 68 cases with early pupillary block primary angle closure glaucoma were measured by this method. The results show that the mean iris radius of cases with glaucoma is shorter than that of the normal age matched controls (53 cases 106 eyes) and there is statistical significant difference (P < 0.01). This method of measurement can be an effective method to further study the early diagnosis and pathogenic mechanism of the pupillary block angle closure glaucoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Differential regulation of beta III and other tubulin genes during peripheral and central neuron development.

Mammalian peripheral and central neurons differ considerably in the composition and properties of their axonal cytoskeletons. Recent reports of the selective expression of a high molecular weight (HMW) tau protein in neurons with peripherally projecting axons have furthered the idea that the microtubules in central and peripheral neurons are disparate. In the present study, we examined the possibility that the various tubulin genes are differentially expressed in central versus peripheral neurons. To examine this, we compared the expression of four of the beta-tubulin mRNAs (classes beta I, beta II, beta III, beta IV) and the alpha 1-tubulin mRNA in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons with their expression in cerebral cortex during postnatal development (P5-90), using northern blots and in situ hybridization. We document both similarities and differences in tubulin gene expression in these two regions of the neuraxis during postnatal development. In both DRG and cortex, the expression of the class beta I- and beta II-tubulin mRNAs and the alpha 1-tubulin mRNA was higher at earlier stages of postnatal development than in the adult. However, class beta IV-tubulin mRNA levels increased during cortical development but decreased during DRG postnatal development. The opposite pattern was found for the neuron-specific class beta III-tubulin gene, the mRNA levels of which were high in cortex, at birth and then decreased with increasing postnatal development. In DRG, the beta III-tubulin mRNA levels generally increased during postnatal development. Beta III-tubulin protein levels were examined qualitatively at different developmental stages (5-90 days) by immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Automatic perimetry in detecting early glaucomatous visual field defects. A follow-up study.

A prospective study was conducted to identify the value of the differential light threshold changes in glaucoma patients. Using Humphrey Field Analyzer, we determined the differential light threshold on 42 preselected points in the Bjerrum area in the age-matched early glaucoma and normal group, each in 50 eyes, whose initial Goldmann perimetries were normal. It was found that both generalized and localized sensitivity of the retina declined obviously in the glaucomatous group. After Goldmann perimetry follow-up for 2.5 years, 24 eyes showed reproducible typical visual field defects (VFD) in the glaucoma group, which appeared in the same location where light threshold had reduced previously. Therefore, a typical glaucoma VFD was preceded by the slight localized depression of light sensitivity in the Bjerrum area.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Characterization of human DNA polymerase delta and its immunochemical relationships with DNA polymerase alpha and epsilon.

DNA polymerase delta was purified from human placenta and its polymerase catalytic subunit identified as a 125-kDa polypeptide by activity staining. This 125-kDa form of DNA polymerase delta resembles that reported from calf thymus (Lee, M. Y. W. T., Tan, C.-K., Downey, K. M., and So, A. G. (1984) Biochemistry 23, 1906-1913) and differs in molecular properties from a previously described form isolated from human placenta (Lee, M. Y. W. T., and Toomey, N. L. (1987) Biochemistry 26, 1076-1085) and now referred to as DNA polymerase epsilon. The properties of DNA polymerase delta were further investigated to determine its relationships with DNA polymerase epsilon. The two enzymes differed in their response to proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Monoclonal antibodies against DNA polymerase delta were raised and used to examine its immunochemical relationships with DNA polymerase alpha and epsilon. These studies provided evidence that all three proteins are structurally distinct but share a common epitope(s). Immunofluorescence microscopy indicates that DNA polymerase delta and possibly also DNA polymerase epsilon are localized to the nucleus.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

[The long-term effect of Nd:YAG laser iridotomy].

The IOP was controlled in 40 eyes (31 cases) of primary angle-closure glaucoma with Nd:YAG laser iridotomy. On follow-ups in 3 years, the differences in IOP, visual acuity, and the peripheral chamber depth from the preoperative values were very significant. The iridotomy hole closed spontaneously in 4 eyes. The success rates were 94% and 91% at 6 months and 2 years postoperative respectively, while it dropped to 82.4% at the end of third year.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effects of microinjection of tutin into the nucleus tractus solitarius on the phrenic nerve discharge in rabbits].

Experiments were performed on 44 urethane anesthetized, paralyzed, bilaterally vagotomized and artificially ventilated rabbits. Unilateral microinjection of different concentrations of tutin (0.1 microgram/microliter, 1 microgram/microliter, 5 micrograms/microliters, 10 micrograms/microliters, n = 8 for each group) into the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) region could induce reversible increase in respiratory frequency in the phrenic neurogram due to the shortening of inspiratory and expiratory duration and a decrease of the peak amplitude of the integrated phrenic nerve activity. However, no significant effects on arterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and electroencephalogram (EEG) were noted. Of the four concentration groups of tutin application, 1 microgram/microliter group already attained a maximal effect. Microinjection of 5 micrograms/microliters and 10 micrograms/microliters tutin into NTS region produced further a disturbance of respiratory rhythm exhibited as transient phrenic nerve discharge during expiratory phase or irregular prolongation of expiratory duration. Unilateral injection of 1 microliter normal saline into NTS region (n = 8) had no significant effects on phrenic activity, BP, HR and EEG. The results suggest that NTS area might be involved in the transition of respiratory phases in the rabbit, and that tutin has a direct stimulating action on the respiratory phase switching mechanism of the NTS region, thus facilitating the transition of respiratory phases with an increase of respiratory frequency.

Animals↗