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Biomedical subjects

Y Raoul

Publications and source records attributed to Y Raoul.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Esophageal cancer: did combined treatments improve prognosis?].

Prognosis of esophageal cancer is very poor. Five-year survival does not exceed 20% after radical surgery, the best available treatment. Unfortunately, only 40% of the patients are amenable to surgery because of poor general status and/or locoregional extension. Adjuvant treatment did not yield survival improvement. Preoperative radiotherapy (three randomized trials) or postoperative radiotherapy (one randomized trial) showed only a decrease of regional relapses, perhaps only for the nodes negative patients. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy obtains some interesting response rate (20-60%), but there has been no evidence yet for survival improvement. Recently, promising results were presented after combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In this paper, we review the present status of combined treatment for esophageal cancer. Our multicentric group (OSOF) is now completing a phase II trial, that should soon form the basis for a phase III prospective study.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1991

[Vitamins: nutriments and drugs, their frontier].

Current food of french normal subjects is sufficient and even surpasses the caloric recommended apport. Though repartition between glucids, protids and lipids is not ideal, the recommended daily apports (RDA) for vitamins are satisfied at a 75-80% level in spite of some exceptions (vitamins B1, D, folates). For this reason, every vitamin complementation must be moderate. The National Academy of Medicine has logically recommended ("wish" of the 20th of June 1989) to limit this complementation at the level of the vitaminic fraction probably lost by caloric restriction. In the french present situation, it would be limited at 0.5 RDA and well balanced for all vitamins without any exception. This is related to nutritional concept and is not a drug. On the contrary, all particular or "risk" situations may demand more concentrated, eventually not balanced formulas or isolated vitamins at varied doses. These are drugs because they are without efficiency if not adapted, often useless or perhaps long term dangerous. Therefore, the proposed frontier between nutriment and drug is not based on always controversial definitions but on their real nature allowing further adaptation to habits and knowledge.

Drug Administration Schedule↗
PubMed1991

[Psycho-action of pressurized hydrogen. Apropos of 3 cases].

During research about high pressure, some divers presented an organic syndrome with delirium when the mixed gaz (hydrogen with oxygen) was in a particular level. All the divers were better and mental symptom disappeared during the coming back to normal level of gaz pressure. With the same pressure and mixed gaz animals show a distortion of dopamine's receptors and the authors try to give an explanation for that "hydrogen syndrome" occurrence. Pressure effects and ionizing power of hydrogen could be the beginning of dopamine's distortion.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Invasive tumors of the bladder. A study of 56 cases treated at the Gustave-Roussy Institute by total cystectomy and radiotherapy].

Between July 1973 and December 1984, 56 patients with invasive bladder cancer were treated at the Gustave-Roussy Institute by total cystectomy and, generally, radiotherapy (45 patients). Four modalities of irradiation were used: preoperative flash (21 patients), preoperative flash and postoperative irradiation (9 patients), preoperative irradiation according to conventional fractionation (12 patients), postoperative irradiation (3 patients). The actuarial 5 year survival for all of the patients treated was 28%. The essential prognostic factors were depth of emboli. Analysis of the deaths revealed loco-regional recurrence in 8 patients (14%), metastases in 11 patients (20%) another cause in 14 patients (24%); treatment appeared to be directly involved in 13 cases. However, toxicity has been considerably reduced since 1980, due to more rigorous patient selection for total cystectomy, improvement in pre- and postoperative intensive care and by the use of a radiotherapy protocol no longer involving large concentrated fractions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Value of postoperative radiotherapy in T3 or N+ bronchial cancer. Apropos of 113 cases].

Post-operative radiotherapy was applied in a series of 113 patients with bronchial cancer (T3 or N+) between 1977 and 1983, lesions being classified T1 in 24 cases, T2 in 44, T3 in 45, N0 in 23, N1 in 51 and N2 in 39, one out of two T3 cases being N+. Pneumonectomy has been performed in 64 cases (58%) and limited surgery in 49 (42%). An incomplete exeresis was carried out in 21% of cases. Radiotherapy dose 45 Gy in cases with macroscopically complete resection and 65 Gy in other cases. Fractioning was conventional (CI) 72 times with 5 sessions of 1.8 Gy per week, and hypofractionated (HFI) 41 times as 5 Gy on D1 and D3 and 6.5 Gy on D15 and D17 for an equivalent dose at 45 Gy in CI and with, in addition, 5 Gy on D29 and D31 for an equivalent dose at 65 Gy in CI. Overall actuarial survival at 5 years was 38%, and 42% for N+, with 54% for N1 (pedicular N+) and 28% for N2 (mediastinal N+). The 3-year actuarial survival for T3 N0 was 53%. Frequency of local and regional recurrence was 18% and was equal for N1 and N2. In contrast, metastases occurred in 33% of N2 and only 12% of N1. No apparent difference was noted in incidence of local and regional recurrence or survival as a function of histopathologic type, operation performed, quality of surgical resection, or irradiation fractioning. No serious complication of radiotherapy was reported.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1986

[Advanced non-seminoma germinal tumors of the testicle. Therapeutic strategy and method of action of chemotherapy].

Among 39 patients with advanced non-seminoma germinal cell tumors of the testicle treated between 1978 and 1985 at the Val de Grâce Army Hospital, 27 previously untreated patients had chemotherapy followed in every case by surgical removal of residual growths; 23 of these patients (85%) are in complete remission; the remaining four had progression of their disease, with a fatal outcome in three. The subsequent therapy depends upon the results of histologic examination of the residual growths: simple monitoring, or a second course of chemotherapy, the modalities of which are controversial. In addition, on the basis of evidence found upon histologic studies, one can speculate as to the part played by chemotherapy in the histologic transformation of residual growths.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1985

[Primary pseudo-ovarian peritoneal carcinosis. 4 cases].

Primary papillary carcinosis of the peritoneum is a rare disease seen in elderly women in whom no digestive or ovarian carcinoma could be detected. Its histological structure is identical with that of papillary carcinoma of the ovary. The 4 cases reported here were treated as advanced ovarian carcinomas, with multiple chemotherapy including doxorubicin and cis-platinum. Three patients were re-operated upon after 6 courses. Complete remission was obtained in all 4 cases, but the patients relapsed under maintenance therapy. The diagnosis must be suspected in elderly women presenting with unexplained carcinosis. This is particularly important since effective treatments can now be proposed, as for advanced ovarian carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1979

[Vitamin D3 sulfoconjugate distribution and evolution in pregnant or lactating rats].

24 hrs after intravenous injection of vitamin D3 35S sulfoconjugate the radioactivity in kidney is about twice as much in pregnant Rats as in lactating Rats. It decreases from 24 to 48 hrs in pregnant but increases in lactating Rats kidneys. Hydrolysis of vitamin 3H D3 sulfate is detected in kidney and liver extracts, the ratio of free vitamin D3 on vitamin D3 sulfate is higher in pregnant than in lactating animals. Mammary glands of lactating Rats contain mainly the unchanged vitamin D3 sulfate which can be hydrolysed by new born suckling pups.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effects of cortisol on adrenal phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase: antagonistic effects of vitamin D in hypophysectomized rats fed a vitamin D free diet.

The influence of individual or combined administration of vitamin D and hydrocortisone on adrenal phenyl-N-methyltransferase (PNMT) in hypophysectomized rats deprived of vitamin D for 1 month has been studied, as well as adrenal and urinary epinephrine and norepinephrine. Daily administration of vitamin D for 11 days decreased PNMT activity and increased adrenal norepinephrine, whereas adrenal epinephrine remained unaffected. Epinephrine and norepinephrine urinary excretion increased after four and nine injections of vitamin D from the hypophysectomized rats fed a vitamin D free diet for 1 month. Hydrocortisone treatment produced increases in adrenal PNMT and epinephrine as well as in urinary excretion of both monoamines. The effects of individual administration are neutralized when the two products are injected together.

Adrenal Glands↗