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Biomedical subjects

Y Rubel

Publications and source records attributed to Y Rubel.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Auditory brainstem response in obstructive sleep apnea patients.

Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were recorded in 79 patients diagnosed as suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The patients were divided into three subgroups (mild, moderate and severe) according to the severity of the syndrome. A statistically significant prolongation was found in the latency values of waves I, III and V in all three subgroups, compared to a control group of 29 healthy subjects. The transmission time between waves I and III and I and V was found to be prolonged in the moderate and severe OSA subgroups, compared to the control group. However, from a clinical point of view only 10% (eight patients) of the OSA group showed a clinically significant prolongation in their ABR latency values compared to the norms (mean +/- 2SD) of the specific ABR recording system used in this study. In addition, 36 of the OSA group underwent uvulopalato-pharyngoplasty (UPPP). There were no statistically significant differences in the ABR recording preoperatively versus post-operatively.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effects of acute negative middle ear pressure on hearing. New answers to old questions and a review of the literature.

The magnitude of hearing loss caused by negative middle ear pressure is a controversial issue. We present a clinical, prospective and controlled study on the effect of negative middle ear pressure on hearing in human ears. Sixty-two ears of patients undergoing uvulopalatopharyngoplasty were examined pre- and postoperatively. The test group consisted of 31 ears in which negative postoperative middle ear pressure ranging between -150 and -400 mmH2O had developed. The control group consisted of 31 ears in which no middle ear pressure change was recorded after the same operation. Bone conduction hearing loss up to 20 dB (with a mean of 11 dB) at 250 Hz, up to 25 dB (with a mean of 13.1 dB) at 500 Hz and up to 10 dB (with a mean of 7.6) at 1,000 Hz was the dominant finding. An additional air-bone gap up to 15 dB (with a mean of 4.3 dB) was found only at 250 Hz. Basic theories about the acoustic response of the ear are discussed and new theories proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Auditory brainstem evoked response in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy.

Auditory brainstem evoked response-(ABR) may be affected by changes in cerebral blood flow. Apart from its primary indications for prevention of stroke and transient ischemic attacks-(TIA's), internal carotid endarterectomy-(ICE) has been shown to improve cognitive function and cause diminution of tinnitus and vertigo. A one-week postoperative ABR previous study of patients undergoing ICE demonstrated no change in ABR recordings. In order to evaluate possible late changes, we have conducted a prospective study of the delayed effects of ICE on ABR in 13 patients. No initial pathology was noted and no significant change found in any of the absolute and interpeak latencies of ABR waves.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1990

Nasopharyngeal pressure gradients during non-phonetic activities of the velopharyngeal valve. Part I.

The phonetic activity of the velopharyngeal valve has been the subject of electromyographic, radiological, ultrasonic, endoscopic, and of various acoustic and aeromechanical investigations. The subject of the present study was the non-phonetic activities of the velopharyngeal valve. Ten patients were assessed by nasendoscopic examinations of the velopharyngeal valve. The pressure gradients in the nasopharynx during these activities were recorded. Typical individual nasopharyngeal pressure patterns were revealed inducing a development of a special technique and tests for a further study of the non-phonetic activities of the velopharyngeal valve in correlation with its abnormality and pathological speech activities.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Nasopharyngeal pressure gradients during non-phonetic activities of the velopharyngeal valve. Part II.

The subject of our study is the non-phonetic activities of the velopharyngeal valve (VPV). The VPVs of 10 patients were assessed by nasendoscopic examinations. The nasopharyngeal pressure fluctuations were recorded by catheters placed into the nasopharynx. Simultaneous pressure created in the oral cavity was measured as well. In Part I we discussed the swallowing activities and here we describe sucking and blowing activities. The pressure wave tracings and measurements with the nasendoscopic examination provide us with new information which permits a further study of the non-phonetic activity of the VPV and a correlation with its abnormal speech activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Otitis media with effusion as a presenting symptom of chronic sinusitis.

Otitis media with effusion was the presenting symptom in 23 per cent of patients suffering from chronic sinusitis. The inter-relationship between chronic sinusitis and otitis media with effusion was studied in 29 patients. Endoscopic evaluation of intranasal structures including sinus ostia and Eustachian tube orifices was carried out. We further suggest that otitis media with effusion is not a separate entity but a presentation of sinus disease, predominantly of the ethmoid system. Patients with otitis media with effusion should be evaluated for sinusitis and vice versa. The value of careful nasendoscopy is demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

An objective method for evaluation of the patulous eustachian tube by using the middle ear analyzer.

Patulous eustachian tube is more common than is usually presumed. The symptoms of this condition can paradoxically simulate an obstruction of the eustachian tube. The characteristic eardrum movements synchronized with breathing can be overlooked or be absent altogether and, therefore, the diagnosis in many cases is missed. We suggest using the middle ear analyzer for diagnosis and objective evaluation of the patent eustachian tube by adjusting it as for acoustic reflex testing. Our method is more sensitive than the more common method of tympanometry. Information is supplied for the patient's evaluation before and after treatment.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Can uvulopalatopharyngoplasty be harmful to eustachian tube function?

A study of the Eustachian tube, incorporating nasendoscopy, tympanometry and pressure swallow test was undertaken in patients undergoing uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. Marked negative middle ear pressure indicating impairment of tubal function was found during the first 7 postoperative days. In patients receiving antibiotic treatment the Eustachian tube dysfunction was significantly alleviated. This dysfunction is probably due to a postoperative infective inflammatory process in the tonsillar fossa. Antibiotic treatment is recommended for patients undergoing uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, to improve the postoperative course. Patients with middle ear abnormalities and following middle ear surgery could be high-risk candidates for this operation and should be carefully evaluated.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗