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Biomedical subjects

Y Saitou

Publications and source records attributed to Y Saitou.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

The 50-kDa protein of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus interferes with intracellular and intercellular targeting and tubule-inducing activity of the 39-kDa protein of Grapevine berry inner necrosis virus.

To understand why transgenic Nicotiana occidentalis plants expressing a functional movement protein (MP) of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) show specific resistance to Grapevine berry inner necrosis virus (GINV), the MPs of ACLSV (50KP) and GINV (39KP) were fused to green, yellow, or cyan fluorescent proteins (GFP, YFP, or CFP). These fusion proteins were transiently expressed in leaf cells of both transgenic (50KP) and nontransgenic (NT) plants, and the intracellular and intercellular trafficking and tubule-inducing activity of these proteins were compared. The results indicate that in epidermal cells and protoplasts from 50KP plant leaves, the trafficking and tubule-inducing activities of GINV-39KP were specifically blocked while those of ACLSV-50KP and Apple stem grooving virus MP (36KP) were not affected. Additionally, when 39KP-YFP and 50KP-CFP were coexpressed in the leaf epidermis of NT plants, the fluorescence of both proteins was confined to single cells, indicating that 50KP-CFP interferes with the cell-to-cell trafficking of 39KP-YFP and vice versa. Mutational analyses of 50KP showed that the deletion mutants that retained the activities described above still blocked cell-to-cell trafficking of 39KP, but the dysfunctional 50KP mutants could no longer impede cell-to-cell movement of 39KP. Transgenic plants expressing the functional 50KP deletion mutants showed specific resistance against GINV. In contrast, transgenic plants expressing the dysfunctional 50KP mutants did not show any resistance to the virus. From these results, we conclude that the specific resistance of 50KP plants to GINV is due to the ability of the 50KP to block intracellular and intercellular trafficking of GINV 39KP.

Gene Expression Regulation, Plant↗
PubMed2002

[Surgery for multiple primary lung cancers].

Thirty-eight patients (3.4%) of multiple primary lung cancers were treated among 1,106 patients of lung cancer at Nagoya City University Hospital. Twenty-eight patients had multiple lung lesions at the same time. Ten had the second primary lung cancer from 5 to 12 years after the first operation. Thirty-six patients had the second operation, and two had adjuvant therapy for lung cancer. Their 5 year survival rate was 36%. Especially of the patients with stage I lung cancer, 5 year survival rate was 65%. Radical but less invasive operation like VATS should be chosen for their treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

Bilateral oophorectomy in asymptomatic women over 50 years old selected by ovarian cancer screening.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate bilateral oophorectomy in women over 50 years old found to have an adnexal mass using transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) as a mass screening. With TVS a total of 23,451 women without symptoms were examined for ovarian cancer at annual screening for uterine cervical cancer. Two hundred fifty-eight women over 50 years old persistently had abnormal TVS results and 95 women gave informed consent for surgical tumor removal. In the 95 women operated, 7 malignant ovarian cancers were found. Especially adnexal masses which were thought to be benign were treated by laparoscopic surgery.

Adnexa Uteri↗
PubMed1999

Accumulation of aberrant Y chromosomes in gamma-ray-induced thymic lymphomas lacking p53.

Male F(1) hybrids between MSM mice carrying a deficient p53 allele and BALB/c mice were irradiated with gamma-rays, and 80 thymic lymphomas were obtained, 46 of which developed in mice carrying the deficient p53 allele. Because the Y chromosome contributes little to cellular function, the stability of the Y chromosome in the tumors was assessed by polymerase chain reaction by examining three genes: Smcy and Sry on the short arm and Sts in the pseudoautosomal region of the long arm of the Y chromosome. Twenty-one lymphomas had lost one or two genes, probably as a result of mitotic recombination or interstitial deletion, whereas no lymphomas had lost all three genes. The p53 status of the lymphomas was determined by genotyping and allelic loss analysis; 34 had retained two wild-type p53 alleles, suggesting normal function; 34 had lost both alleles, indicating loss of function; and the other 12 had at least one wild-type p53 allele, so their p53 status was unclear. Compilation of these data revealed that changes in the Y chromosome were detected in only two of the 34 lymphomas retaining functional p53 but in 18 of the 34 lymphomas lacking p53 function, suggesting that p53 deficiency leads to an increase in the accumulation of radiation-induced aberrant chromosomes. This is consistent with our previous result from analysis of the inactive X chromosome. In contrast, a decrease in the fidelity of mitotic transmission in p53-deficient lymphomas was not noted for the Y chromosome.

Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced↗
PubMed1998

[Slowly progressive aphemia--a case report].

A 69-year-old women was admitted to Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital because of slowly progressive difficulty in speech production over 8-years. On admission, her spontaneous speech was non-fluent, limited to one-syllable utterance, and severely efforty. But her visual and auditory comprehension was preserved. There was no significant general intellectual deterioration. Severe buccofacial apraxia, but no swallowing was observed. So we considered her difficulty in speech as aphemia. Three-dimensionally reconstructed surface MR image clearly showed severe atrophy in the posterior part of the left inferior frontal gyrus and the lower part of the left pre-central gyrus. The FDG-PET demonstrated a focal hypometabolism in the same region. The lesion in this area was suggested to be a cause of speech production difficulty in this case.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Prostate cancer screening using prostate specific antigen (PSA) in Tokatsu Hospital--examination of lost-to-followup cases].

We studied the usefulness of prostate cancer screening using prostate specific antigen (PSA) and PSA density (PSAD). In the first year of this screening (1995), we detected prostate cancer in 11 out of 550 (1.7%) subjects. Only 33 of the 47 (70%) subjects whose PSA values were greater than the cut-off value could be followed the following year. The remaining 14 subjects could not be followed mainly because of absence of urination difficulty at that time. The international prostate symptom score (I-PSS) sum and the quality of life (QOL) score at the screening in the unfollowed group were significantly lower than those in the followed group. The subjects who must be followed and whose QOL score and I-PSS sum are low at the time of screening need more careful and persuasive explanation from the urologist on the importance of long-term follow-up.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

[Ipsilateral central-type facial palsy and contralateral hemiparesis associated with unilateral medial medullary infarction: a case report].

Clinical pictures of medial medullary syndrome are variable, depending upon the extent of the lesion. Facial palsy has rarely been observed even in medullary infarction. However, central-type facial palsy is usually found contralaterally to the infarct area at the level of the rostral medulla. In the present report, we discuss the pathogenesis of the neurological manifestations in a 57-year-old man with hypertension. The patient presented with mild left facial palsy of central type, right hemiparesis, paresthesia, with deep sensory disturbance of the right extremities. An MRI of the brain showed an infarction localized in the medial region of the left upper medulla. Although the exact course of the supranuclear facial pathways remains controversial, the ipsilateral central facial palsy in this patient is considered to have two possible causes: the interruption of aberrant fibers of the corticobulbar tract, which branch off and swing back at the level of the upper-middle medulla, or the disruption of recurrent ascending fibers from the contralateral pyramidal tract, through decussation.

Cerebral Infarction↗
PubMed1997

Electrocardiographic features differentiating dilated cardiomyopathy from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

To determine the usefulness of electrocardiographic (ECG) features in differentiating between hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with features mimicking dilated cardiomyopathy (D-HCM) and true dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), we compared ECGs of 52 consecutive patients (11 with D-HCM, 41 with DCM). Left atrial dimension, left ventricular internal dimension, and septal and posterior wall thickness were employed as echocardiographic indexes, while QRS duration, amplitude of RV5 or V6 + SV1, number of abnormal Q waves, P-terminal force in V1, and frontal plane QRS axis were used as ECG parameters. The patients with D-HCM demonstrated a larger number of abnormal Q waves (P < .0001), greater prolongation of QRS duration (P < .0001), and lower amplitude of RV5 or V6 + SV1 (P < .0001). In all cases of D-HCM, atrial overload was observed and abnormal QRS axis in 9 (82%) of the 11 patients. These features were noted in 21 (51%) and 17 (41%), respectively, of the 41 DCM patients (P < .005 and P < .05, respectively). Despite significant differences in the echocardiographic parameters between D-HCM and DCM, excluding left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, ECG abnormalities were more significant between the two groups. The results indicate that ECG features are extremely useful in differentiation between DCM and D-HCM.

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated↗
PubMed1997

Catabolism of lipoprotein-X induced by infusion of 10% fat emulsion.

The clinical significance of lipoprotein-X (Lp-X) induced by intravenous infusion of 10% fat emulsion was assessed, with special reference to atherogenesis, by in vitro experiment using purified Lp-X from the sera of patients receiving Intralipid 10%. Lp-X appeared after long-term intravenous infusion of 10% fat emulsion in the patients with intestinal fistula due to the anastomotic leakage. To clarify the role of Lp-X in terms of atherogenicity, the cholesterol metabolism of Lp-X in macrophages as scavenger cells and in hepatocytes as parenchymal cells was studied. When [3H]cholesterol-labeled Lp-X or oxidized low-density lipoprotein (o-LDL) was incubated with J-774 macrophages, the incorporation of Lp-X into macrophages was negligible compared with o-LDL. When Lp-X or high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was incubated with J-774 macrophages laden with [3H]cholesterol, the release of cholesterol from macrophages was enhanced by Lp-X as well as HDL. When [3H]cholesterol-labeled Lp-X LDL or HDL was incubated with the human hepatoma cell line of Hep G2 cells, the incorporation of Lp-X into Hep G2 cells was less than that of LDL, but similar to that of HDL. From these findings, it is suggested that the catabolism of Lp-X cholesterol generated with intravenous 10% fat emulsion was mediated by hepatocytes rather than by macrophages, indicating that the hyperlipidemia due to increased Lp-X may not be atherogenic.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Cost effectiveness analysis of FDG-PET in the differential diagnosis and staging of lung cancer in Japan].

UNLABELLED: Several studies have shown that FDG-PET is more accurate than CT for the differential diagnosis and for the staging of lung cancer. We have analyzed potential effect of FDG-PET on the medical cost for the management of patients suspected of lung cancer. In the differential diagnosis, chest CT plus FDG-PET protocol reduced the number of bronchofiberscope (BFS) and biopsy by one fourth of that in the conventional protocol using CT alone. PET protocol reduced unnecessary examinations for the patients of benign disease, however, it increased the total cost of examinations by 25% due to the higher cost of PET than that of BFS and biopsy in Japan. In the staging of lung cancer, PET protocol improved accuracy of staging, reduced unnecessary surgery by 67%, and showed a saving of the cost of examination by 5%, and the total medical cost by 2.5% compared to that in the conventional protocol using CT, brain MRI, and bone scan. CONCLUSION: Use of FDG-PET for the staging may contribute to the improvement of patient management of lung cancer patients also to the saving of the medical cost.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1996

[Peripheral lymphocyte subset of patients with pancreatic diabetes mellitus--about a decreased ratio of T-LGL and ability of host defense].

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) often suffer from various and severe infection. Patients with pancreatic DM have malnutrition due to chronic pancreatitis. Therefore it is believed that patients with pancreatic DM have a lower ability of host defence to infectious diseases than normal subjects. We examined the primpheral lymphocyte subsets (T cell, B cell, NK cell, CD3+ 56+ T) of eighteen patients (males, age = 52.8 +/- 12.7 years old, mean +/- SD) with pancreatic DM by two color flow-cytometry to evaluate the lymphocyte function. Ratios of T cell (T%, 66.9 +/- 9.3%, mean +/- SD). B cell (B%, 13.1 +/- 5.8%) and NK cell (Nk%, 19.3 +/- 8.7%) to total peripheral lymphocytes of patients with pancreatic DM were not significantly different from those (T% = 66.4 +/- 7.8%, B% = 13.5 +/- 6.7%, NK% = 19.9 +/- 9.1%) of thirteen normal subjects (males, age = 51.2 +/- 13.1). CD3+56+ T cell % (4.1 +/- 1.9%) of patients with pancreatic DM was lower than that (6.0 +/- 3.0%) of normal subjects (p < 0.05). CD3+56+ T cells have cytotoxic activity and it is likely that this activity is similar to that of NK cells. These results suggested that a decrease in peripheral CD3+56+ T cell % is a factor showing a weak host defense mechanism to infectious diseases in patients with pancreatic DM.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Novel approach for determination of correlation between in vivo and in vitro dissolution using the optimization technique.

A new approach to determination of good correlations between in vivo and in vitro dissolution was studied using the optimization technique. Ibuprofen, which exhibits dissolution rate-limiting absorption, was used as a model drug. Ibuprofen capsules of two different release types were prepared, and their in vivo dissolution profiles were obtained from measurements of plasma concentration following oral administration of the capsules to beagle dogs by the mathematical deconvolution method using solution data of oral administration as a weight function. For the dissolution test to correspond to the in vivo dissolution profiles, the test was carried out at 12 levels (9 different sets of conditions) and results were analyzed with the optimization technique to deal with two factors. The first-order rate constant (kappa d) and the dissolution time at 50% (t50%) of the in vivo dissolution were selected for use as the response variables. Regression analysis was performed to describe the in vitro dissolution characteristics as functions of the pH of dissolution medium and paddle rotation speed in the paddle method. The in vivo/in vitro correlation obtained from the kappa d was better than that obtained from the t50%. The optimum conditions for dissolution testing corresponding to the in vivo kappa d were determined to be a pH 6.6 for the dissolution medium and a 56 rpm paddle rotation rate. The experimental data obtained by dissolution testing was well fit by the predicted curve derived from in vivo and in vitro dissolution profiles. This dissolution test is applicable to the formulations containing ibuprofen of particle size within the experimental range.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Preoperative use of erythropoietin for cardiovascular operations in anemia.

Erythropoietin was used in 10 patients undergoing elective cardiovascular operations who were compromised with anemia. Initially, their blood hemoglobin levels were less than 10 g/dL (range, 7.5 to 9.9 g/dL). Erythropoietin (600 to 700 units/kg per week) was administered intravenously or subcutaneously for about 2 to 12 weeks. Blood hemoglobin levels increased in each patient (11.0 to 14.5 g/dL) until the day operation, and during this course autologous blood donations (400 to 1,200 mL) were obtained from 8 patients. As a result, homologous blood transfusions were needed in only 1 patient in whom erythropoietin treatment was interrupted for other reasons. All these patients were discharged without event, and no adverse effects due to erythropoietin were found. Although the causes of anemia were not specified in some of these patients, it was noteworthy that erythropoietin was effective even in a patient with hypoplastic bone marrow. Subcutaneous use was assumed to be especially favorable in managing anemic patients, in whom preoperative erythropoietin treatment could be continued for up to 82 days. We conclude that erythropoietin would be beneficial for the anemic population to secure homologous-blood-free operations.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Immunohistological investigation of the histological origin and differentiation of pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland].

Immunohistological expressions of the cytokeratin (CK) subclass, vimentin, glial fibral antigen protein (GFAP), alpha-smooth muscle actin, and S-100 protein were investigated in pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland. In addition, the correlation between immunohistological findings in the normal parotid gland and those in pleomorphic adenoma was examined. Vimentin, S-100 protein, and GFAP, which were not detected in the normal parotid gland, were observed in pleomorphic adenoma. Only CK-1, which was not detected in the normal parotid gland, was expressed intensely in squamous metaplastic lesions of pleomorphic adenoma. All other CK detected in pleomorphic adenoma were also expressed in the normal parotid gland. Therefore, the expression of vimentin, S-100 protein, GFAP, and CK-1 in pleomorphic adenoma is related to oncogenesis. Since most types of CK expression were observed in solid pleomorphic adenoma lesions and all types of CK expression detected in other lesions were included, cellular differentiation between solid and nonsolid lesions was elucidated. According to the pattern of CK subclass expression, the following sequence of differentiation was suggested; solid lesion-->myxoid lesion-->chondroid lesion, solid lesion-->tubular lesion, solid lesion-->myoepithelioid lesion, and solid lesion-->squamous metaplastic lesion. In normal parotid glands, satellite cells around the ductal cells showed all types of CK subclass expression detected in myoepithelial cells, acinus cells, and ductal cells. Since the types and patterns of CK expression in solid lesions of pleomorphic adenoma are the same as those in satellite cells in the normal parotid gland, pleomorphic adenoma seems to originate from satellite cells. If satellite cells in the normal parotid gland are considered to be so-called reserve cells in the bicellular theory, the origin and cellular differentiation of pleomorphic adenoma can be explained in relation to CK subclass expression.

Actins↗
PubMed1993

[A case of renal cell carcinoma extending into renal vein in an 18-year-old male].

An 18-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of massive gross hematuria. Ultrasound and computerized tomographic (CT) scan revealed a solid left intrarenal mass with renal pelvic invasion and tumor thrombus in the left renal vein. Radical nephrectomy with intravenous tumor thrombectomy was performed. The left kidney weighted 354 g. Histological diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma of the kidney. He received prophylactic injections of interferon-alpha at a daily dose of 3 million units 3 times a week for 3 months.

Adolescent↗