PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Sakoda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Sakoda.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Variation from cytopathogenic biotype to non-cytopathogenic biotype is correlated with the deletion of cellular sequence from bovine viral diarrhea viruses.

Non-cytopathogenic (NCP) viruses of bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus were detected at a low ratio by the reverse plaque formation method from virus samples after several plaque clonings of cytopathogenic (CP) BVD viruses; NADL and Osloss strains. This phenomenon suggests that the NCP BVD viruses are produced at a low ratio during the propagation of CP BVD viruses in vitro. To investigate the differences between the parent CP BVD virus and the NCP BVD virus as a real progeny, the regions flanking the insertion of cellular mRNA in the p125 domain of NADL and Osloss strains were amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pGEM 3Z plasmid vector, and then sequenced. Consequently, it was confirmed that sequences of cellular mRNA insertion of CP BVD viruses, NADL and Osloss strains, were completely and exactly deleted from the NCP BVD viruses which were real progeny of CP BVD viruses, NADL and Osloss strains. These results suggest that NCP BVD viruses may revert from CP biotype to NCP biotype by the deletion of cellular mRNA insertion in the viral genome of CP BVD viruses (NADL and Osloss strains).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

[Lectin-histochemical analysis of pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland].

The sugar structures of the glycoconjugates in pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland were analyzed by examining the binding sites of 5 biotinylated lectins on tissue sections with or without sialidase digestion. Both galactose (Gal) beta 1,3 N-acetylgalactosamine and Gal beta 1,4 N-acetylglucosamine were present on the surfaces of ductal basal cells and stromal cells. The galactsyl residues in the glycoconjugates of ductal basal cells were either sialylated or exposed, whereas those of stromal cells were all sialylated. Since the synthesis of sugar chains of glycoconjugates is terminated by sialylation, their structure may mature as they progress from ductal basal cells to stromal cells.

Acetylgalactosamine↗
PubMed1996

Decreased expression of the DCC gene in human breast carcinoma.

Inactivation of the "deleted in colon cancer" (DCC) gene on chromosome 18 is known to be associated with the tumorigenesis and metastasis of colorectal cancer. In the present study, we investigated the expression of DCC and the c-erbB-2 product in surgical specimens from 45 patients with breast cancer by immunohistochemical staining, and found the expression of DCC to be decreased in 23 (51%) tumors. In 8 years of follow-up, 11 of 22 (50%) patients with DCC-positive staining tumors, and 17 of 23 (74%) patients with DCC-negative tumors developed recurrence. The stratified analysis, according to the status of axillary lymph node metastasis, showed the same tendency. Overexpression of erbB-2 was detected in 13 (29%) of the 45 breast cancer specimens, but there were no differences in the relapse rate between patients with erbB-2 positive and those with erbB-2 negative tumors. Although the individual alteration of DCC or erbB-2 did not possess independent prognostic significance for the prediction of recurrence, patients with tumors having the double alteration of DCC-negative and erbB-2-positive showed adverse relapse-free survival (0.025 < P < 0.05). These findings suggest that a decrease in DCC expression and erbB-2 overexpression may influence the progression of breast carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Coexistence of choriocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma in the rectum: molecular aspects.

Choriocarcinoma, a malignant tumor of usually placental origin, in divided into two groups; the gestational and non-gestational types, the latter being rare. Non-gestational choriocarcinoma occurs in the lung, mediastinum, kidney, stomach, and small intestine, but rarely appears in the large intestine. We treated a 29-year-old woman with choriocarcinoma of the rectum with adenocarcinoma. Despite the rarity of the condition and the obscurity of the histogenesis, reports of similar cases and the occurrence of the tumors in the digestive tract suggest that the condition constitutes a clinical entity of a digestive tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

[Visual field defect following macular hole surgery].

We report three patients with inferotemporal visual field defect following pars plana vitrectomy for idiopathic macular hole. Two patients complained of the visual field defect early in the postoperative period, and one patient was asymptomatic but showed abnormalities in perimetry. The visual field defect remained unchanged during a follow-up study of 4 to 12 months. It is possible that inadvertent damage to the optic nerve associated with air/ fluid exchange or hyaloid membrane stripping caused the characteristic visual field defect.

Female↗
PubMed1995

Inhibition of pseudorabies virus replication by a chimeric trans-gene product repressing transcription of the immediate-early gene.

A chimeric gene encoding a fusion protein consisting of the DNA-binding domain of the immediate-early (IE) protein of pseudorabies virus (PRV) and a tail-truncated Vmw65 of herpes simplex virus 1, lacking the transcription activation domain, was constructed. The chimeric gene product inhibited transcription from the PRV IE promoter in a transient expression assay. A HeLa cell line stably transformed with the chimeric gene showed remarkable resistance to PRV infection. In the transformed cells infected with PRV, transcription of the PRV IE gene was repressed, indicating that the resistance of the cells to PRV infection was due to interference with IE gene transcription by the fusion protein.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Fluorescence spectra of bacteriorhodopsin and the intermediates O and Q at room temperature.

An unequivocal answer is given to the question of why the reported fluorescence spectra of bacteriorhodopsin (bR568) have been different from one another. The inconsistency is shown to arise from the accumulation of the fluorescent intermediates O and Q (KN) by cw excitation light. Their fractions in the photo-stationary states depend on the excitation power and the suspension pH. We report the intermediate-free fluorescence spectrum of bR568 obtained with a weak excitation source (632.8 nm, 5.3 x 10(15)-1.9 x 10(16) photons cm-2.s-1) and a near-IR sensitive intensified photodiode array system. The fluorescence maxima of the spectra, F(lambda) and f(nu), are located at 755 +/- 10 nm and 12700 +/- 200 cm-1, respectively. The spectrum of O is identical to that of the deionized purple membrane bR605 (Fmax = 750 +/- 5 nm, fmax = 13,000 +/- 100 cm-1). Q (KN) exhibits a blue-shifted spectrum more than that of bR568 (Fmax < 720 nm, fmax > 13,400 cm-1).

Bacteriorhodopsins↗
PubMed1994

Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein in Breast Cancer Tissues: Relationship between Primary and Metastatic Sites.

The expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) at primary and metastatic sites was studied retrospectively in specimens obtained at opreation and autopsy from 11 patients. The anti-human PTHrP monoclonal antibody, 4B3, was used in the immunohistochemical studies. The 11 cases showed metastases to the liver and the lung, and 9 showed bone metastases at autopsy. At primary sites, PTHrP was positive in the 9 cases with bone metastases, while the other 2 cases were negative for PTHrP. Regardless of the intensities of immunohistochemical staining of PTHrP at primary sites, cancer cells at metastatic sites in the liver and the lung were almost all negative for PTHrP. On the other hand, all PTHrP-positive cases at primary sites at operation showed skeletal metastases at autopsy, and the intensity of the immunohistochemical staining of PTHrP was strongly positive at all the sites of skeletal metastasis. These results suggest that while PTHrP is an important factor that causes cancer cells to erode and grow in skeletal bone, the expression of PHTrP is, concurrently, affected by an osseous microenvironment.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

The expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein in human breast cancer with skeletal metastases.

The relationship between the expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) by breast cancer and skeletal metastases, was investigated using a monoclonal antibody against human PTHrP (4B3). The immunohistochemical localization of PTHrP was studied in sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 28 breast cancers obtained surgically between 1980 and 1985. Of the 28 patients, 12 developed skeletal metastases, 8 developed lung metastases, and the other 8 were alive and disease-free at the time of this study. Sixteen of the 28 (57%) tumors showed positive immunoreactivity to 4B3, the PTHrP positive ratio being 83% in the patients who developed skeletal metastases, 38% in those who developed lung metastases, and 38% in those without recurrence, respectively. Thus, a significantly higher proportion of the patients who developed skeletal metastases were positive for PTHrP than the other two groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the level of positive staining was strongly related to positivity for estrogen and progesterone receptors (P < 0.01). These results are consistent with the hypothesis that PTHrP might be necessary for metastases to erode bone and grow in skeletal sites, and its expression could be related to certain hormones.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

The effect of angiotensin II on utero-placental and umbilical circulation in normotensive pregnant women.

OBJECTIVES: The angiotensin sensitivity test (AST) has been used to identify pregnant women likely to develop pre-eclampsia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate uteroplacental circulation and fetal response to angiotensin II (A-II). METHODS: We studied blood flow velocity waveforms in the uterine and umbilical arteries of 23 normotensive pregnant women before, during and after the AST by Doppler ultrasonography. Fetal well-being was documented with biophysical profiles (BPS). ANOVA and two-way analysis of variation were used to analyze the results. RESULTS: Infusion of A-II to normotensive pregnant women did not affect umbilical artery resistance at 20 or 30 weeks' gestation. Uterine artery resistance and maternal heart rate decreased significantly at 20 weeks' gestation with an AST-induced 10 mmHg or 20 mmHg rise in diastolic blood pressure. The BPS were not altered after the AST. CONCLUSIONS: The AST does not increase vascular resistance in the uterine or umbilical circulation, and may be considered a safe procedure for both the mother and fetus.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Calcium metabolism in premenopausal women treated by a Gn-RH agonist for uterine myoma.

Eleven premenopausal women with uterine myoma who received 300 micrograms of intranasal Gn-RH agonist (buserelin) three times daily for 6 months participated in this study. Serum estradiol, some parameters related to calcium metabolism and bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebrae assessed by quantitative computerized tomography were evaluated prior to, at the end of and 3 months after the treatment. Hypo-estrogenism was sustained during the treatment period. Calcitonin levels decreased rapidly after the first 2 weeks of the treatment and the fasting urinary hydroxyproline to creatinine excretion value increased in 1 month. Both serum alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin increased slightly during the treatment. The serum m-parathyroid hormone levels showed no significant changes. There was no significant reduction in the mean lumbar vertebral bone mineral content (BMC) at the end of the treatment, but 4 out of 11 cases showed a decrease in BMC, which returned to the pretreatment level in 3 months after the cessation of treatment. From these findings, this therapy appears to have some effects on calcium metabolism during medication, but no adverse ones in the 3 months after treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The effects of A23187 and phorbol ester on the phosphorylation of proteins in rat anterior pituitary cells.

The effects of A23187 and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on the phosphorylation of proteins in normal rat anterior pituitary cells were compared. A23187 rapidly activated the phosphorylation of at least 5 proteins (45, 47, 53, 54 and 58 kDa), which reached the maximal level in 2-10 min, and decreased gradually thereafter. In contrast, TPA activated the phosphorylation of at least 6 proteins (45, 62, 64, 72, 76 and 82 kDa), which were mostly distinguished from those activated by A23187. TPA-induced response was elicited more slowly, reached a plateau after about 10 min, and was sustained thereafter. These results suggest that the protein phosphorylation stimulated by A23187 and TPA is conducted by different mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Fetal blood velocity waveforms in uncomplicated pregnancy.

Umbilical artery velocity waves were measured in fetuses from 94 normal pregnant women. In all, 183 determinations were carried out from the 14th to the 40th week of gestation. A combination of pulsed echo and real-time scanning was used to obtain blood waveforms from the umbilical arteries. The umbilical artery velocity wave can be readily differentiated from other fetal signals by its pattern. The systolic peak of the velocity wave was divided by the end diastolic value, thereby giving an S/D ratio. The S/D ratio in normal pregnancy declined from 7.6 to 2.0 from 14 to 40 weeks. Analysis of these waveforms indicated that the placenta is an organ of low vascular resistance and that placental resistance to blood flow declines with advancing gestational age in normal pregnancy. The umbilical artery S/D ratio provides a new and non-invasive marker of fetoplacental blood flow resistance.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1985

[The effects of dopamine on the release of immunoreactive beta-endorphin-like peptide from the dispersed cells of the rat neurointermediate lobe].

The intermediate lobe of the rat pituitary gland is a homogeneous population of cells which synthesize and secrete various peptides related to ACTH and lipotropin derived from a common precursor, proopiomelanocortin. Catecholamine beta-receptor (beta-adrenoceptor) and dopamine receptor which are present in the intact cells of the intermediate lobe, remain functional in the enzymatically dispersed cells. In this study we investigated the mechanism by which beta-endorphin is released from the dispersed cells of the neurointermediate lobe of the rat pituitary gland. 1-Isoproterenol stimulated the release of immunoreactive beta-endorphin-like peptide (IR-beta-Ep) and the accumulation of adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cAMP). On the other hand, dopaminergic drugs, apomorphine, bromocriptine, dopamine, lergotrile and lisuride, decreased the rate of release of IR-beta-Ep. Dopamine also inhibited the stimulatory effects of 1-isoproterenol on the release of IR-beta-Ep and cAMP accumulation. Dopamine antagonists, fluphenazine and sulpiride, diminished the inhibitory effects of dopamine on the release of IR-beta-Ep and cAMP accumulation which were stimulated by 1-isoproterenol. it has been reported that cholera toxin enhanced the release of IR-beta-Ep and the accumulation of cAMP in the rat neurointermediate lobe. After preincubation in the incubation medium containing 30 nM cholera toxin for 2 hours, the cells (CT cells) showed spontaneous release of IR-beta-Ep and cAMP accumulation. 1-Isoproterenol had no effect on the release of IR-beta-Ep and cAMP accumulation in CT cells. Dopamine, however, inhibited both the release of IR-beta-Ep from CT cells and cAMP accumulation in CT cells. These results suggest that dopamine may be involved in the regulatory mechanism of IR-beta-Ep release from the dispersed cells of the rat neurointermediate lobe.

Animals↗