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Biomedical subjects

Y Saraçlar

Publications and source records attributed to Y Saraçlar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Effect of formoterol on clinical parameters and lung functions in patients with bronchial asthma: a randomised controlled trial.

AIMS: To determine the role of formoterol in the treatment of children with bronchial asthma who are symptomatic despite regular use of inhaled corticosteroids. METHODS: A randomised, double blind, parallel group, placebo controlled study to investigate the effects of inhaled formoterol (12 microg twice a day) in 32 children with moderate to severe bronchial asthma. The study consisted of two week run in periods and six week treatment periods, during both of which the patients continued their regular anti-inflammatory drugs. The efficacy parameters were symptom scores, bronchodilator use, daily peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR), methacholine hyper-reactivity, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), lung volumes, and airway conductance. RESULTS: Formoterol treatment for six weeks decreased symptom scores, PEFR variability, and the number of rescue salbutamol doses, and increased morning and evening PEFR significantly. No adverse reactions were seen. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that inhaled formoterol is effective in controlling chronic asthma symptoms in children who are symptomatic despite regular use of inhaled corticosteroids.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Evaluation of immunotherapy by nasal antigen challenge.

BACKGROUND: Nasal antigen challenge test is used to evaluate the allergic conditions within different diagnostic procedures. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy (IT) in an objective and simple way in children with perennial allergic rhinitis. METHOD: This study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled procedure. Nineteen patients (mean age 10 +/- 6 years) were treated only with IT and 17 patients (mean age 11 +/- 5 years) constituted the control group without any treatment. The patients were evaluated at the beginning and at 3 and 6 months of IT. Nasal provocation reactions were evaluated and scored at 5-, 10-, and 30-minute intervals. RESULTS: In the IT group, mean clinical scores and mean nasal provocation scores decreased significantly between the initial value and at 3 and 6 months of IT, whereas there was no significant change in the value for the control group. There were no significant differences among the 5-, 10-, 15-, and 30-minute evaluations within both the IT and control groups. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of IT in perennial allergic rhinitis may be assessed by the nasal antigen challenge test in a simple and objective way within a 5-minute period.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1998

Prevalence of asthma symptoms in school children in Ankara, Turkey.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of symptoms suggestive of asthma in children aged 7-14 years in Ankara, Turkey. For this purpose, the recently developed ISAAC (International Study for Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) questionnaire supplemented with six additional questions was issued to parents of 3154 primary school children from 12 schools. A separate page with questions regarding risk factors was also added to the questionnaire. The response rate was 88.3%. The cumulative and 12-month prevalence of wheezing were 14.4 and 4.7% respectively. The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma was 8.1%. A family history of atopy was found to be the strongest risk factor for having ever had wheezing (odds ratio (OR) = 2.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.32-3.60), wheezing in the past 12 months (OR = 3.21, CI = 2.21-4.67), and severe attack (OR = 2.41, CI = 1.36-4.25). Passive smoking was a risk only for having ever had wheezing (OR = 1.33, CI = 1.03-1.76). Increasing age was associated with a lower risk of current wheezing (OR = 0.85, CI = 0.81-0.90) and severe attack (OR = 0.77, CI = 0.67-0.88). Gender, socio-economic level and pet ownership did not appear to be risk factors for asthma-related symptoms. This study, the first epidemiological survey in Ankara, Turkey, using the ISAAC protocol, clearly shows that symptoms suggestive of asthma, albeit lower than in most European countries, are quite common and constitute a major health problem in Turkey.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

The prevalence of self-reported asthma and respiratory symptoms in Ankara, Turkey.

The prevalence of self-reported asthma was studied in a group of Turkish adults using the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaire distributed during 1994 local elections in Ankara, Turkey. A total of 2020 questionnaires were issued and 1820(90%) were returned. The mean age of the subjects was 34.5 +/- 10.2 years. The prevalence of wheezing at any time in the past was 39.1% which is much higher than has been reported in the literature. However, only 21.7% of the study population had wheezing in the year preceding the survey and 2.9% of them had severe asthma attacks. The prevlaences of nocturnal wheeze, nocturnal cough and morning tightness were higher in females (P = 0.05 for each). The results of this study showed a high rate of reported symptoms but a low rate of diagnosis and treatment of asthma among the adult population in Ankara.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Comparison of four different measures of bronchial responsiveness in asthmatic children.

Although several tests are available to assess the presence and severity of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), there is no agreement on the most appropriate stimulus. The most commonly used stimuli are methacholine, histamine, and exercise. Daily peak expiratory flow (PEF) variation has been reported to correlate with the severity of BHR, and in recent years this has been widely used because of its noninvasiveness and ease of performance. This study was carried out to determine the relationship among these four commonly used measures of bronchial responsiveness in asthmatic children. For this purpose, 12 asthmatic children of varying disease severity were recruited. Subjects underwent three challenges on 3 separate days in 1 week. During the week preceding the challenges (methacholine, histamine, and exercise), patients recorded PEF three times a day. All patients had PC20 less than 8 mg/ml with methacholine and histamine. Patients with PC20 greater than 3.5 mg/ml for both methacholine or histamine had negative exercise challenges. The strongest correlation was between histamine and methacholine (r = 0.95). Exercise-induced bronchospasm had substantial and significant correlation with the other three measures. No significant correlation was observed between PEF variability and histamine or methacholine. The varying degrees of relationships among the four commonly used measures suggests that each method yields information on different but related phenomena. More than one measure may be required to detect the different aspects of asthmatic bronchial responsiveness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Effect of oral and inhaled salbutamol in infants with bronchiolitis.

The response of bronchiolitis to bronchodilator drugs is controversial. The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of oral or metered dose inhaler (MDI) salbutamol using a coffee cup as a spacer device in bronchiolitis. In the trial, 31 hospitalized patients between 6 and 24 months of age, who exhibited the first episode of acute bronchiolitis without any other predisposing illness such as cystic fibrosis, congenital heart disease etc., were randomly assigned to receive oral salbutamol (n = 11, 0.1 mg/kg per dose, four times a day), or MDI salbutamol (n = 12, 200 micrograms per dose, every 3 h) or formed the control group without any bronchodilator therapy (n = 8). All of the patients were given supplemental oxygen as needed and adequate hydration was maintained. The patients were evaluated with clinical symptom scores. There were no differences in the beneficial or side effects of salbutamol, or the number of days in hospital between the treatment groups and the control group. It was concluded that there is no beneficial effect in using bronchodilators in infants with bronchiolitis. Supplemental oxygen and maintenance of normal hydration may be adequate.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1997

Inhaled budesonide reduces lung hyperinflation in children with asthma.

Previous studies have shown that asthmatics have hyperinflation as defined by larger total lung capacity. The present study was set up in order to document changes in asthma clinic, airway calibre, airway reactivity and lung volumes after budesonide treatment. After a 2-week run-in period, 28 children with moderate persistent asthma were treated in a double-blind manner either with budesonide (0.4 mg/day) or placebo for 8 weeks and, thereafter, all patients were treated with open-label budesonide for a further 20 weeks. Symptoms, bronchodilator requirements and airway calibre improved significantly after 8 weeks of treatment (p < 0.05 for each) and prolonged treatment did not cause any further improvement. Reduction in hyperreactivity was apparent only after 20-28 weeks of treatment. Total lung capacity decreased along with budesonide treatment in both groups suggesting that early introduction of an inhaled corticosteroid may be useful in the prevention of asthma-related remodelling of the lung and thoracic cage.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1997

Prevalence of allergic diseases and influencing factors in primary-school children in the Ankara Region of Turkey.

We have studied the prevalence of atopic disease, by questionnaire, in 3024 primary-school children from three different socioeconomic levels in Ankara. Physical examinations were also performed on these children. The cumulative prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and atopic eczema was 6.9%, 11.7%, 4.6%, and 2.6%, respectively. Allergic rhinitis was more common in children older than 10 years. Most of the symptoms of asthmatic patients began in the first 3 years of life. The cumulative prevalence of allergic diseases was 23.4%. This study has estimated the prevalence of allergic diseases, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and allergic dermatitis, in the Ankara region of Turkey.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Acute haemorrhagic oedema of infancy: a case report.

Acute haemorrhagic oedema of infancy (AHOI) is not a clinically well-recognized disease. We present the case of a 10-month-old girl with AHOI, and compare the clinical, histopathological and immunohistological features of this acute purely cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis with those of the more frequent Henoch-Schönlein purpura. AHOI should be regarded as a separate clinicopathological entity for correct prediction of prognosis and prevention of unnecessary treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

IgG subclasses in children with recurrent respiratory tract infections in an allergy practice.

Isolated or combined deficiencies of immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses have been recognized in children with recurrent infections. In our allergy practice, there are a subset of children with recurrent respiratory tract infections. To investigate the presence of immunoglobulin G subclass deficiency (IgGSD), 60 children with atopy and 14 children without atopy suffering from recurrent respiratory tract infections were studied in an attempt to determine whether atopy is associated with a certain IgG subclass pattern. Ten atopic children were found to have isolated or combined IgG subclass deficiencies: one with IgG1, two with IgG2, four with IgG3 and three children had IgG2-IgG3. Neither IgG subclass concentration nor the frequency of children with high or low IgG subclasses showed any difference between atopic and non-atopic groups. Except for a week correlation with IgG3, no correlation existed between IgE and other IgG subclasses. It was concluded that childhood respiratory diseases complicated by recurrent respiratory tract infections may be associated with IgG subclass deficiencies. Although there have been reports noting some IgG subclass patterns in atopic disorders, in the present study, no distinctive feature between atopics and non-atopics with respect to IgG subclass concentrations and patterns was observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Efficacy of salmeterol in the treatment of childhood asthma.

The aim of the clinical study reported here was to investigate the efficacy of salmeterol, a new long-acting selective beta 2-agonist, in patients with bronchial asthma. Twenty-four children with moderate asthma were enrolled in the longitudinal study, consisting of a run-in period of 2 weeks followed by a treatment period of 4 weeks. Maintenance treatment consisted of inhaled corticosteroid and disodium cromoglycate, or both, at the same daily dose throughout the study. During the run-in period, the patients continued to inhale salbutamol when needed and some of them (37%) also received theophylline. They were subsequently treated with salmeterol 50 micrograms twice daily and prn salbutamol for 4 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated using symptom scores and pulmonary function tests including forced vital capacity parameters, pulmonary volumes, airway resistance and specific airway conductance that were measured sensitively by a whole body plethysmograph. As a result, salmeterol produced significant improvement in morning and evening peak expiratory flow rates, vital capacity, airway resistance, conductance and asthma symptoms versus salbutamol and theophylline. Adverse reactions were judged to be mild and few.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

A clinical study of colchicine in childhood asthma.

A double-blind, randomized, crossover study was done to determine the efficacy of colchicine in 30 atopic children with moderately severe asthma. A constant dose of sustained-release theophylline and salbutamol by inhalation, as needed, was administered to all patients. Compared to placebo, colchicine, 0.5 mg twice daily, significantly reduced morning tightness and nocturnal asthma score. There was, however, no significant difference between colchicine and placebo for cough, daytime asthma, or daily combined symptom scores for each patient. Colchicine did not significantly decrease beta-2 agonist inhaler use when compared with placebo. Similarly, there was no statistically significant difference between placebo and colchicine therapy as far as pulmonary function tests and peak flow reversibility were concerned. Thus, colchicine administered for 4 weeks demonstrated insufficient antiasthma activity. Colchicine-induced clinical improvement that was reported in a previous study may be due to selection of patients with mild asthma symptoms. However, our group, comprised of moderately severe asthmatic patients, did not show a satisfactory clinical response.

Albuterol↗
PubMed1993

Bronchial asthma with Addison's disease.

A 14-year-old boy with bronchial asthma who was subsequently diagnosed to have coexistent Addison's disease is presented. Both diseases responded to continuous replacement steroid therapy. We suggest that worsening of bronchial asthma symptoms in this patient may be due to the hypocortisolemia produced by the coexistent Addison's disease. Patients with Addison's disease with clinical evidence of bronchial asthma have rarely been reported [1, 2]. A 14-year-old boy in whom symptoms of bronchial asthma obscured the otherwise obvious diagnosis of adrenocortical insufficiency is presented.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1991

Levels of IgE in the serum of patients with coronary arterial disease.

Because previous studies have shown that mast cells can be activated by IgE-mediated mechanisms to release potent mediators which affect coronary blood flow, we measured serum IgE levels in 156 patients with coronary arterial disease and in 53 healthy controls (27 men, 26 women, mean 54 years). Patients were classified into 3 groups according to well established criteria as having stable angina pectoris (28 men, 15 women, mean 58 years), unstable angina pectoris (37 men, 15 women, mean 57 years), and acute myocardial infarction (52 men, 9 women, mean 58 years). In every subject, serum IgE measurement, eosinophil count, and stool examination for parasites were performed. Every subject was interviewed concerning history of allergy, smoking habits and the other risk factors for coronary arterial disease. In a model including the factors that may affect the serum levels of IgE (namely, age, sex, cigarette smoking, parasites, and family and personal history of allergy), IgE levels were found to be significantly higher in the patients with unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction compared to the patients with stable angina pectoris and controls. These data indicate that IgE may play a role in the pathogenesis of unstable angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

In vitro histamine release from leukocytes in penicillin allergies.

The definite diagnosis of Type I allergy against penicillin is very important. The in vivo tests used for this purpose may have some disadvantages for the patient. Among the in vitro tests used for the evidence and differential diagnosis of Type I allergy against penicillin, the determination of histamine release from leukocytes and the detection of IgE by the RAST test are the most promising. We have used the test of histamine release from leukocyte in this study of 18 cases, nine of whom had Type I hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin and comprised the study group, the rest were control cases. The per cent of histamine release in the control group was "zero" while in the study group it ranged from 3.9 to 51.7 per cent. The results indicate that the method used in this study is a sensitive and reliable method for the diagnosis of Type I penicillin allergies.

Adolescent↗