Radioactive contamination of the Indo-Antarctic Ocean water in each earlier period in 1961 and 1962.
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Antarctic Regions↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Seto
Publications and source records attributed to Y Seto.
Distribution of tissue bile acids in the human alimentary tract and colon polyps.
To determine the characteristic distribution of tissue-bound bile acids in the human alimentary tract and colon polyps, we measured the concentration of bile acids in the mucosal tissues of the alimentary tract obtained at autopsy and polyps obtained by endoscopic polypectomy, using enzymatic fluorimetry and gas-liquid chromatography. The concentration of tissue-bound bile acid, especially chenodeoxycholic acid, was significantly higher in the ileum or ascending colon than in the other portions of the alimentary tract. The bile acid level of polyps was also higher in the ascending colon than in the other portions of the colon. These results suggest that the high concentration of tissue-bound bile acids is obtained at the site of absorption of bile acids in the alimentary tract.
Aged↗
A 20-kDa protein in human seminal plasma that is identical to gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 and prolactin-inducible protein.
A new method is described for isolating the 20-kDa protein, which used to be purified using an actin-immobilized column from human seminal plasma. This method employed ion-exchange column chromatography and isoelectric focusing separation. The level of seminal protein was determined by sandwich ELISA to be 1.06 +/- 0.27 mg/mL (mean +/- SD, n = 8). Its cDNA was cloned from a human salivary gland cDNA library by immunoscreening. The 553-nucleotide sequence included the 5' untranslated region and extended to the poly(A) tail. It encoded a protein of 118 amino acid residues in addition to a signal sequence of 28 residues. This sequence was identical to those of gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 and prolactin-inducible protein cDNAs. Northern blotting revealed the common expression in the submandibular gland and seminal vesicle. An immunohistochemical study in paraffin-embedded tissues from human male sex organs also indicated that the 20-kDa protein is mainly produced in the seminal vesicle.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
An experimental study of intramural blood supply network of the stomach wall.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: A fundamental experiment was undertaken with reference to local resection with lymphadenectomy for gastric cancer. The intramural blood supply network of the stomach wall, about which no reports have previously appeared, was surgically investigated. METHODOLOGY: Five pigs were used. The left gastric and the right gastroepiploic vessels and their branches were removed from all the animals. The right gastric vessels were also removed, while the short gastric and the left gastroepiploic vessels were preserved in the 1st pig. Only the short gastric vessels were preserved in the 2nd, and the right and the short gastric vessels in the 3rd. After resection of the whole stomach with the spleen, angiography was performed through the preserved arteries. The 4th and 5th pigs underwent the same procedures as the 1st, with additional local resection of the stomach in the 5th. Both pigs were maintained for 1 year and then, angiography was performed. RESULTS: When the short gastric and the left gastroepiploic vessels, or the short and the right gastric vessels were preserved, the whole stomach continued to receive blood supply through the intramural network. Stomach wall resection therefore can be performed with no complications after these procedures. CONCLUSIONS: The present results confirm the possibility of local resection with lymphadenectomy as a treatment for gastric cancer.
Angiography↗
Vascular invasion of early gastric cancer at resection line.
Vascular invasion is observed in early gastric cancers (EGCs) as well as advanced gastric cancers. However, there have been no studies assessing adequate surgical margins for EGCs with reference to vascular invasion. A total of 452 EGCs were retrospectively evaluated. Vascular invasion, via lymphatics and/or venous vessels, was examined histologically. The distance from the tumor edge to infiltration was measured when cancer cells extended beyond the tumor through vessels. Vascular invasion was histologically confirmed in 41 EGCs (9.1%). Invasion was in one-fourth (40/166, 24.1%) of submucosal cancers, but in only one (1/286, 0.3%) mucosal cancer. Five EGCs (1.1%) showed infiltration beyond the tumor through the vessels and the maximum distance from the tumor edge to the most distal site of infiltration was 4 mm. In conclusion, a 2 cm surgical margin, as recommended in Japanese surgical textbooks, is adequate for EGCs with reference to vascular invasion.
Humans↗
Role of biologics in early arthritis.
Recent advances in the management and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have provided evidence for the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Biological therapy with monoclonal antibodies, including anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents have shown major efficacy in terms of disease activity and outcome of inflammatory arthritis in trials. Interest has focused on the treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis with anti-TNF agents to induce long-term impact on outcome. A major study of etanercept versus methotrexate (MTX) showed some benefit at one year for the etanercept group, but long-term data have shown greater benefit. Two double-blind placebo-controlled studies of infliximab in patients with early RA yielded promising data, showing the possibility of a true 'window of opportunity' with long-term benefit from a short term treatment period. Aggressive treatment by anti-TNF agents as well as combination therapies of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in patients with very early disease would be a logical approach to be investigated in the future.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Arthroscopy for slipped capital femoral epiphysis.
Arthroscopy was performed in five hips with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) before pinning in situ. Arthroscopy disclosed erosion of acetabular cartilage in the anterosuperior region and damage to the posterolateral aspect of the acetabular labrum. Cartilaginous erosion and transverse cleft were identified on the anterior surface of the femoral head. These findings support the hypothesis that all pathomechanisms of SCFE are caused by traumatic factors. Arthroscopy for SCFE is also clinically useful in reducing hip pain. Arthroscopy performed simultaneously with pinning in situ can permit early exercise of the joint.
Adolescent↗
Intra-operative diagnosis of N2 lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Limited lymph node dissection for gastric cancer, which is prevalent in Western countries, leaves cancer cells in the second tier of nodes in patients who have metastasis in those nodes. It is, however, difficult to correctly diagnose nodal status during surgery. The present study was, therefore, designed to examine how to detect N2 metastasis intra-operatively. METHODOLOGY: Five hundred and eight patients undergoing extended lymph node dissections for gastric cancer were retrospectively analyzed. Accuracy of the intraoperative diagnosis of node involvement based on macroscopic findings was investigated, according to the N stage and histological type of the tumor. Furthermore, the distributions of N2 metastasis were clarified, according to tumor site. RESULTS: Intra-operative macroscopic findings were frequently assessed as being less severe than histological findings in cases with N2 metastasis (61.9%, 39/63). Intra-operative recognition of N2 metastasis was significantly lower in the cases with undifferentiated adenocarcinoma (28.2%, 11/39) than in those with differentiated adenocarcinoma (56.5%, 13/23). The distributions of N2 metastasis revealed nodes along the left gastric and common hepatic arteries to be the key junctions for lymphatic flow from the middle and lower thirds of the stomach, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Intra-operative diagnosis of N2 metastasis is difficult to make based on macroscopic findings, especially in undifferentiated tumors. To detect N2 metastasis intra-operatively, the nodes along the left gastric or common hepatic artery should be submitted to frozen section examination for primary tumors located in the middle or lower third of the stomach, respectively.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Results of extended lymph node dissection for gastric cancer cases with N2 lymph node metastasis.
The therapeutic value of extended lymph node dissection (D2) for gastric cancer remains controversial. Limited lymph node dissection, however, leaves cancer cells in the second tier of nodes (N2) in patients with N2 metastasis. This retrospective study was, therefore, undertaken to clarify which patients would be most likely to benefit from D2 dissection, even with N2 metastasis. Two groups, N2 cases with (n = 40) and without (n = 24) the development of recurrence after curative surgery, were compared. Borrmann type IV and serosal invasion were significantly related to recurrence. The number of metastatic nodes did not differ significantly between the two groups. All (7/7) of the Borrmann type IV cases with N2 metastasis developed recurrence and died. However, one quarter (7/30) of the cases with serosal invasion and N2 metastasis showed no sign of recurrence. D2 dissection is a surgical treatment which offers the potential to cure gastric cancers, other than Borrmann type IV tumor, with N2 metastasis.
Female↗
Percutaneous fenestration of type B aortic dissection for decompression of false lumen pressure: case report.
We describe our experience with percutaneous treatment by transfemoral balloon fenestration of the abdominal aorta in a patient with type B aortic dissection. Percutaneous fenestration was effective in reducing the pressure in the false lumen and equalizing the pressure between the two lumens. The patient was doing well at three-year follow-up.
Aortic Dissection↗
Location of the femoral head in developmental dysplasia of the hip: three-dimensional evaluation by means of magnetic resonance image.
By using magnetic resonance imaging, we analyzed the position of the femoral head in 21 hips of 21 infants with developmental dislocation. The femoral head changed its location according to the hip position. In type A dislocation, the head was anterior to the acetabulum when the hip was extended, and it was posterior when the hip was flexed. There was wide contact area between the femoral head and the acetabulum in any hip position. In type B, the head was on the rim of the acetabulum when the hip was extended. When the hip was flexed, the head was on the posterior rim of the acetabulum, and there was no contact between the femoral head and acetabular cartilage. Some heads slipped into the socket with a click phenomenon when the hip was flexed/abducted. In type C dislocation, the head was on the edge of the acetabulum when the hip was extended. When the hip was flexed, the head moved posteriorly, and it was completely out of the socket.
Acetabulum↗