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Biomedical subjects

Y Sivan

Publications and source records attributed to Y Sivan.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Acute hepatic failure after open-heart surgery in children.

Acute hepatic failure (AHF) combined with acute renal failure (ARF) is a well-known complication of open-heart surgery in adults. The occurrence of this complication in two children after open-heart surgery for correction of congenital heart disease is reported. Hypotension occurred during the operation and was treated by catecholamine vasopressors. AHF set in during the postoperative course; it was manifested by impaired consciousness, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, hyperammonemia, elevated liver enzymes and prolongation of the prothrombin time with failure of hemostasis. ARF also developed in both children. One of the patients survived the acute episode of hepatic failure. The importance of early diagnosis, routine close monitoring, and appropriate selection of vasopressors is emphasized.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Possible Waardenburg syndrome with gastrointestinal anomalies.

We describe a patient with possible Waardenburg syndrome associated with anal atresia and oesophageal atresia with tracheooesophageal fistula. Three other published cases with atretic gastrointestinal anomalies associated with the Waardenburg syndrome are reviewed. We conclude that the association between atretic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and the Waardenburg syndrome may be a significant one.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1986

Ratio of crown-rump distance to total length in preterm and term infants.

The known measurements for the determination of body proportions cannot be used practically in the neonate. The ratio of crown-rump distance to total length appears the most useful index for objective evaluation of disorders that influence body proportions in the neonate. Normal standards for this ratio in newborn infants from 27 to 41 weeks' gestation are presented in relation to gestational age and birth weight.

Body Height↗
PubMed1985

Protein conservation by the immature intestine.

Uptake of intact macromolecules by the immature gut is a well-known phenomenon, but no information exists on the possibility that there is also increased protein loss in the intestinal lumen in preterm infants. We determined alpha-1-antitrypsin (A-1-AT) levels in fecal samples from 39 infants born after 27-41 weeks of gestation from birth up to 30 days of age. A-1-AT levels were elevated only in meconial stools, and low in nonmeconial stools, regardless of associated respiratory disorders, drug administration, and type of nutrition. This study shows that the immature gut has a mature pattern of protein conservation at least as early as after 29 weeks of gestation.

Feces↗
PubMed1985

Small intestine transit time and lactose absorption during phototherapy.

Diarrhea is often seen during phototherapy in jaundiced infants. Lactose malabsorption and reduced gut transit time (GTT) are some of the proposed explanations. However, the etiology of the diarrhea is still controversial. We investigated GTT and lactose absorption during phototherapy using the H2 breath test. Breath H2 was measured every 10 min for 150 min after feeding of jaundiced infants with and without phototherapy, and in controls. There were 12 newborns in each group. The time of increase of H2 excretion over 10 ppm was taken as the transit time. Lactose malabsorption was estimated by integrating the area under the excess H2 curve. No difference was found in GTT, lactose absorption, peak breath H2 and the time of the peak between phototherapy-treated infants and jaundiced and nonjaundiced infants. The results did not support the presence of lactose malabsorption during phototherapy and the decreased total GTT reported in the literature was not due to shortened small intestinal transit time.

Breath Tests↗
PubMed1984

Lower limb standards in newborns.

To define standards for lower limb measurements in the newborn, 198 full-term and preterm infants (range, 27 to 41 gestational weeks) were examined. The gestational age was determined chronologically and clinically, and the total length of the lower limb and the leg and foot lengths were measured by two observers with the use of standard measurement techniques. Normal values were determined by plotting the mean +/- 2 SDs for each gestational week v gestational age.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1984

Random fecal alpha 1-antitrypsin excretion in children with intestinal disorders.

Demonstration of excessive enteric protein loss traditionally required the use of labeled macromolecules and prolonged stool collection uncontaminated by urine. alpha 1-Antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) clearance has recently been used for the demonstration of enteric protein loss, but controversy still exists about the value of determining alpha 1-AT concentration in random stool samples. We have measured alpha 1-AT excretion in random stool samples from children with various gastrointestinal (GI) tract disorders using an immune nephelometric method. Statistically significant elevations in alpha 1-AT concentrations were found in stools from patients with active celiac disease and confirmed PLE, while normal values were demonstrated in patients with irritable bowel and inactive celiac disease. We conclude that determination of alpha 1-AT concentration in random fecal samples is an easy, reproducible screening method for the demonstration of excessive enteric protein loss in various GI tract disorders.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1984

Head measurements in newborn infants.

The present study establishes normal anthropometric standards for head length and head width in newborn infants born between 27 and 41 gestational weeks. These parameters were measured in 198 term and preterm newborn infants, and their relation to head circumference was determined for each gestational week. The results are presented as growth curves for gestational age.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1984

Determination of anterior displacement of the anus in newborn infants and children.

Anterior displacement of the anus is a common cause of constipation in infancy and early childhood. However, normal values are not available for defining anal displacement. Using a simple technique, an anal position index of less than 0.34 in girls and less than 0.46 in boys was indicative of anterior displacement. The diagnosis can be made in the neonatal period.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1983

Upper limb standards in newborns.

The present study assists the clinician in determining an abnormal upper limb in the newborn. To define standards for upper limb measurements in the newborn, 198 term and preterm infants (gestational age range, 27 to 41 weeks) were examined. In every case, the gestational age was determined chronologically and clinically, and the total length of the arm, upper extremity and forearm lengths, and total hand and middle finger lengths were measured by two observers using standard techniques. Normal values were determined by plotting the mean +/- 2 SDs for each gestational week v the gestational age.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1983

Philtrum length and intercommissural distance in newborn infants.

In order to define standards for philtrum length and mouth width in the newborn infant, 198 term and preterm infants (27 to 41 gestational weeks) were examined. In every case the gestational age was determined chronologically and clinically and the philtrum length and mouth width (oral intercommissural distance) were measured by two observers using standard measurement techniques. Normal values are presented by plotting the mean +/- 2 SD for each gestational week versus the gestational age.

Female↗