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Biomedical subjects

Y Sumiyoshi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Sumiyoshi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Limited TCR V beta usage of infiltrating T cells in synovial tissues from patients with HTLV-I associated arthropathy.

Human T cell lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I) is the etiologic agent of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma and recently has also been suggested to be involved in chronic arthritis. The synovia of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) contains activated T lymphocytes, with a restricted expression of T cell receptor (TCR) variable (V) beta gene segments. To characterize the T-cell populations of RA among HTLV-I carriers and noncarriers, we performed the immunohistochemical staining of CD4 and CDB, as well as a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to estimate the proportion of TCR beta RNA containing any particular V elements on the synovial specimens. In all but one HTLV-I carrier, the proviral DNA and/or RNA expression of HTLV-I was detected in the synovium. The CD4-positive cells proliferated markedly in the HTLV-I carriers compared with the noncarriers. In contrast to mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood, synovial T cells expressed only a few V beta transcripts, and no definite difference was observed between the carriers and the noncarriers. These results suggest that a common major antigen associated with the pathogenesis of RA may thus selectively interact with the V beta component of the TCR. Using RT-PCR, we studied the expression of the recombination-activating gene-1 (RAG-1), which was used in the V(D)J recombination of immunoglobulin and TCR genes. In all cases, RAG-1 was transcripted. The results supported the possibility that the extrathymic development of the selected TCR V beta T cells occurred in the synovia.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A case of human herpesvirus-6 lymphadenitis with infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome.

The findings of a 20 year old woman with lymphadenopathy that was probably caused by an acute human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection are reported. She clinically demonstrated various signs of acute infection such as a high fever, skin rash, liver dysfunction, leukocytosis, an elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and a positive change of C reactive protein, which mimicked the symptoms of infectious mononucleosis, but no positive titers for an Epstein-Barr virus infection were observed. HHV-6 DNA was detected using Southern blot analysis, polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization in the affected node. Histologically, the lymph node showed an enlarged paracortex and infiltration of transformed lymphocytes and immunoblast-like cells with some histiocytes and eosinophils. Almost all the transformed lymphocytes and immunoblasts were positive for UCHL-1 (CD45RO), MT-1 (CD43), and OPD-4 (CD4), and some of these positive cells demonstrated HHV-6 DNA.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Leiomyosarcoma of the superior vena cava producing superior vena cava syndrome and heart tamponade.

An autopsy case of primary leiomyosarcoma arising in the superior vena cava is presented. A 44 year old Japanese man presented with superior vena cava syndrome and eventually died due to heart tamponade and acute renal failure. Autopsy revealed that the superior vena cava was occluded with a tumor that had invaded the pericardium and right thoracic cavity. Primary caval venous leiomyosarcoma is a rare but lethal disease and most cases arise from the inferior vena cava. This case represents a very rare case of leiomyosarcoma with the rare clinical findings of superior vena cava syndrome and heart tamponade.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Prophylactic intra-arterial chemotherapy for CR patients with invasive bladder cancer after induction therapy].

Thirteen patients with invasive bladder cancer treated by induction intra-arterial chemotherapy in combination with radiotherapy achieved a complete response (CR). All of them were treated by prophylactic intra-arterial chemotherapy using pirarubicin (10), epirubicin (2) and carboplatin (1). The treatment was given once a month for 2 years. In the followup period from 14 to 43 months (median; 22.5 months), only one of the 13 patients had an invasive recurrence of bladder cancer and died of it. Ten of the 13 patients are now disease-free and alive with functional bladder. The complications of this therapy were mild and tolerable. The results suggest that prophylactic intra-arterial chemotherapy is a useful regimen for CR patients with invasive bladder cancer after induction therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Morphological effects of glycosaminoglycans on calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals.

The effects of individual glycosaminoglycan (GAG) species on calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystal growth were studied in vitro by the observation of crystal morphology grown in a supersaturated calcium oxalate solution in the presence of GAGs using optical and scanning electron microscopes. GAGs affected the morphology of COM crystals differently depending on the species. The growth rates of the crystals formed in the presence of chondroitin-6-sulfate (ChS-C) were higher in length and lower in width and thickness than those of control crystals. The incorporation of dermatan sulfate or heparin into the crystals formed in the presence of these GAGs was revealed by X-ray microanalysis, whereas ChS-C was not detected in the crystals grown with it. The experiment using dicarboxylates, as a simple model of GAG molecules, showed that a distance between the side groups was important for their morphological effects. These findings suggested that the different effects of GAGs on the crystal morphology resulted from the differences in their interaction modes with COM crystal faces, that is, the differences in their binding behavior, their inhibition modes of crystal growth, and other roles played after binding to the crystals.

Calcium Oxalate↗
PubMed1994

Analysis of herpesvirus genomes in Kikuchi's disease.

We examined the cervical lymph nodes of 30 patients with Kikuchi's disease and 15 patients with non-specific lymphadenitis, using Southern blot analysis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify human herpesviruses such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and varicella-zoster virus. By Southern blot analysis, no virus DNA was recognized, but 16 of the 30 nodes from patients with Kikuchi's disease and 8 of the 15 nodes from patients with non-specific lymphadenitis showed amplified EBV DNA by PCR.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Genetic changes in atypical hyperplasia and lymphoma with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy and dysproteinaemia in the same patients.

The transition between atypical hyperplasia and lymphoma with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy and dysproteinaemia (AILD) was studied in serial lymph node biopsy specimens from five patients using DNA analysis with Southern blot analysis, polymerase chain reaction, chromosomal analysis, and immunophenotyping. The chromosomal analysis showed additional abnormalities as the disease progressed to those present initially, and immunological staining showed a corresponding increase in the numbers of CD4- and Ki67-positive cells. In the first biopsy from each patient a diagnosis of atypical hyperplasia with AILD was made and lymphoma excluding by the finding of only a few atypical lymphoid cells and the preservation of follicles with germinal centres. DNA analysis of lymph nodes at this stage showed either germ lines or oligoclonal rearrangements of the T-cell receptor (TCR) and immunoglobulin heavy chain genes. In the final biopsy, when a diagnosis of lymphoma with AILD was made, either a monoclonal rearrangement of the TCR was observed or one of the rearranged bands had increased in density. These results suggest selective proliferation of a clone of abnormal cells may account for the progression of atypical hyperplasia to lymphoma with AILD.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Expression of human T-cell leukaemia virus type I and associated antigens, and interleukin-2 and receptor in lymph nodes of adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma.

To examine the relationship between the expression of human T-cell leukaemia virus type (HTLV-I) mRNA and associated antigens and clinicopathological features, we studied 31 lymph nodes of patients with adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and related diseases, using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. We classified the patients into four types on the basis of their clinicopathological features (HTLV-I associated lymphadenitis, incipient ATLL, ATLL with complete HTLV-I provirus, and ATLL with defective HTLV-I provirus. The expression of HTLV-I mRNA was detected in all 3 patients with incipient ATLL, in 5 of 10 patients with defective-provirus ATLL, in 5 of 11 patients with complete-provirus ATLL, and 3 of 7 with HTLV-I associated lymphadenitis, but the amounts were very small; approximately 1 in 10000-200000 lymph node cells express the viral genomes. This suggests that expression of viral genomes may not be important for immortalization, but it is important that to note the capacity for HTLV-I infection is preserved in each group of non-neoplastic and neoplastic states. HTLV-I mRNA was detected only in lymphocytes and/or lymphoma cells, but the HTLV-I associated antigens (env, gag and pX) were found in histiocytes and endothelial cells, as well as in lymphocytes and/or lymphoma cells. Anti-interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) antibody reacted with the giant cells of incipient ATLL and with the transformed lymphocytes and immunoblast-like cells of the HTLV-I-associated lymphadenitis but not with the lymphocytes in the background. Of the typical ATLL, IL-2R was found in both lymphoma cells and giant cells. IL-2 was rarely detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Neoadjuvant intra-arterial doxorubicin chemotherapy in combination with low dose radiotherapy for the treatment of locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Between 1979 and 1990, 60 patients with locally advanced bladder cancer (stages T2 to 4NXM0) were treated with intra-arterial doxorubicin chemotherapy in combination with low dose radiotherapy and 36 (60%) achieved a complete remission. The tumor size (p < 0.01), tumor grade (p < 0.05) and clinical stage (p < 0.05) correlated significantly with the tumor response to the combined therapy. Of the 36 patients with complete remission and the 24 patients who did not achieve a complete remission 35 and 22, respectively, underwent a conservative bladder operation after treatment. Median followup was 71 months. The overall 5-year disease-free and cause-specific survival rates for the 60 patients were 49% and 72%, respectively. A significantly higher (p < 0.01) 5-year survival rate was observed in patients who achieved a complete remission (94%) than in those who did not (40%). The results suggest that intra-arterial chemotherapy plus radiotherapy is a useful regimen for patients with locally advanced bladder cancer, and bladder function may be preserved in those who achieve a complete remission.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Clonality of benign lymphoid hyperplasia in orbit and conjunctiva.

In order to thoroughly characterize the clonal population of lymphoid hyperplasia of the orbit and conjunctiva, we investigated six cases which were histologically proven to be benign lymphoid hyperplasia. We analyzed the clonal rearrangements of the antigen receptors and bcl-2 gene, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-I) by Southern blot and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and performed in situ hybridization for mRNA of kappa and lambda immunoglobulin. Five cases showed rearrangements of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (JH) and/or light chain gene (J kappa), and the monoclonal V-J recombination of JH in PCR. However, the rearranged bands were much more faint than was the germ-line band. We considered the monoclonal population of B cells small. Two of the five cases recurred locally after four and nine years respectively. Because benign lymphoid hyperplasias frequently contain an occult monoclonal B-cell population, a follow-up should be conducted. The remaining case in our investigation showed a rearrangement of the T-cell-receptor gene and proviral DNA of HTLV-I, and it showed rapid progress to adult T-cell leukemia after the biopsy. EBV and bcl-2 gene rearrangements were not observed in any of the six cases we studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Monoclonal B cells and restricted oligoclonal T cells in T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma.

Immunophenotyping of lymphoma using paraffin-embedded lymphoid tissue is useful in identifying the large neoplastic B cells in T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma (TRBL), but does not succeed in deciding clonality. We studied six cases to determine the clonal population of B and T cells of TRBL. Immunohistochemistry on frozen and paraffin-embedded material showed that the cellular population in all six cases consisted mainly of T cells; fewer than ten percent of the cells stained as B cells. However, in all cases, monoclonality of the immunoglobulin was helpful for diagnosing the B-cell neoplasia. Southern blot-yielded genetic analysis showed monoclonality of B cells in three cases, but no evidence of clonality in the T cells. Moreover, gene monoclonality has been detected in all cases examined by polymerase chain reaction, using the primers for the V and J regions of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene. For T cells, the D and J regions of the T-cell receptor (TCR) beta chain showed the same patterns of oligoclonal bands in all cells, and the V and J regions of the TCR gamma chain showed the same bands in all. The expression of TCR V beta families was polyclonal but restricted.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Primary diffuse large cell lymphoma of the penis.

A 66-year-old man presented with malignant lymphoma of the penis. This was of considerable interest because the penis is an extremely uncommon site for primary lymphoma. This patient had no evidence of nodal disease at presentation and so was treated with radiotherapy. He is now cured and both the structure and function of his penis have been preserved.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Detection of human herpes virus 6 (HHV 6) in the skin of a patient with primary HHV 6 infection and erythroderma.

Human herpes virus 6 (HHV 6) has been implicated as the causative agent of exanthema subitum in young children. Recently, we reported two cases of a severe, infectious, mononucleosis-like syndrome resulting from a primary HHV 6 infection in immunocompetent adults. Both of these patients had the skin condition generally referred to as "erythroderma". A skin-biopsy specimen from one of them, a 43 year old man, was examined. Using immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridisation, lymphocytes infected with HHV 6 were found in the skin. It is proposed that the erythroderma in immunocompetent adults infected with primary HHV 6 is provoked by infiltration of infected inflammatory cells or infected neoplastic lymphocytes into the dermis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Clonal analysis of Hodgkin's disease shows absence of TCR/Ig gene rearrangement, compared with T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma and incipient adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

To better characterize the clonality and pathogenesis of Hodgkin's disease (HD), we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern blot to analyze the rearrangement of immunoglobulin (Ig) and T-cell receptor (TCR) genes, the bcl-2 oncogene, and the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genotype. In situ hybridization studies of EBV were also done. Twenty-six cases of HD were compared with 15 cases of non-specific lymphadenitis, 7 with incipient adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), and 4 T-cell rich B-cell lymphomas (TRBL), all of which histologically resembled HD. EBV genes were detected in 20 of 26 HD patients (77%) and in 7 of 15 patients with non-specific lymphadenitis (47%), 5 of 7 with incipient ATLL (71%), and 1 of 4 with TRBL (25%). In contrast to specimens of non-specific lymphadenitis, TRBL, and incipient ATLL, only one EBV genotype was evident in the specimens of HD. EBV latent membrane protein (LMP) was detected immunologically in 16 of 26 HD patients (62%), one of four TRBL (25%) and one of seven incipient ATLL (14%), but it was not evident in non-specific lymphadenitis. The LMP positive cases showed amplified EBV genomes. Only one of the 26 cases of HD had a bcl-2 gene rearrangement by PCR, but this was not seen in any other disease. The bcl-2 protein was detected immunologically in seven of the 26 HD patients (27%) and in one of the seven incipient ATLL cases (14%). EBV has been reported to upregulate bcl-2 expression, but in this study the presence of bcl-2 protein did not correlate with the presence of the t(14;18) translocation or EBV-LMP. All TRBLs showed rearrangement of the immunoglobulin genes by PCR and/or Southern blot, and the giant cells were of B-cell type. All incipient ATLLs displayed rearrangement of the TCR genes, and the giant cells were of T-cell origin. In seven of 26 HD cases, the giant cells were weakly stained with T-cell antibodies, in another seven positive with B-cell antibodies and in 18 instances polyclonally positive for both kappa and lambda. However, PCR and Southern blot displayed only two cases of TCR gene rearrangement, while two others had very weak rearrangements of immunoglobulin gene positive only by PCR. Thus the T and B-cell genotype did not correlate with the T and B-cell phenotype recorded in these cases. The absence of Ig and TCR gene rearrangements seems to be common in HD, compared with in TRBL and incipient ATLL.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

[Prognostic factors for muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with a combination of intra-arterial chemotherapy and low-dose radiotherapy].

Clinical and pathological factors that affect short-term responses and long-term prognosis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer were studied in 73 patients who underwent a combination of intra-arterial chemotherapy and low-dose radiotherapy. Complete Response (CR) was observed in 41 (56%) of the 73 patients. The frequency of CR was significantly different according to the sex (males 64%, females 29%; p = 0.0239), clinical stage (T2 74%, T3 64%, T4 20%; p = 0.0005), tumor size (< 3 cm 81%. > or = 3 cm 31%; p < 0.0001), and tumor grade (G3 72%, G2 41%, p = 0.0127). By multivariate analysis, a significant difference was observed only in the tumor grade. The 5-year survival rate after bladder-preserving operations (median duration of follow-up 69 months) was significantly different according to the sex (males 75.2%, females 57.1%; p = 0.0427), clinical stage (T2 86.3%, T3 82.3%, T4 33.8%; T2 vs T4, p = 0.0005; T3 vs T4, p = 0.0107), tumor size (< 3 cm 89.6%, > or = 3 cm 47.2%; p = 0.0012), and tumor response (CR 95.0%, non-CR 38.6%; p < 0.0001). By multivariate analysis, a significant difference was observed only in the tumor response. The combination therapy of intra-arterial infusion and irradiation produced excellent short-term effects and prolonged the survival of the patients. Preservation of the bladder is considered to be possible in patients who obtained CR.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[A cooperative study on the incidence of bacteriuria in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy].

The incidence of bacteriuria in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy was studied at 8 National Hospitals. Among 1,542 patients, urinary infection was the reason of visit in 63 patients (4.1%). After open and transurethral prostatectomy, one-third of patients developed bacteriuria (30 of 59 subcapsular enucleations, and 252 of 776 transurethral resections). When a catheter is placed without prophylactic antimicrobial, all patients developed bacteriuria within 10 days, and within 30 days even if they received antimicrobials. The incidence of bacteriuria increased with age.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[The relationship between Epstein-Barr virus and metastatic lymphoepithelioma in the cervical lymph nodes, in comparison with other metastatic carcinomas and granulomatous diseases].

The nasopharyngeal lymphoepithelioma is closely related with Epstein-Barr virus. The first clinical manifestation is frequently enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes of unknown origin. The histology of the metastatic lymphoepithelioma in the lymph nodes sometimes resembles those of other metastatic carcinoma and granulomatous diseases. To differentiate the lymphoepithelioma from other disorders, we detected Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), using stamp specimens. By polymerase chain reaction, all seven lymphoepitheliomas presented amplified EBV genomes, while five of the 58 other carcinomas and eight of the 19 granulomatous diseases also did. By in situ hybridization, lymphoepitheliomas showed EBV genomes which were confined to the tumor cells, though in the other diseases they were found in the lymphocytes. Detection of EBV is very useful in making a diagnosis of lymphoepitheliomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗