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Biomedical subjects

Y Sun

Publications and source records attributed to Y Sun.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Study on the transmission threshold value of bancroftian filariasis.

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the transmission dynamic and epidemic trend of bancroftian filariasis occurred under the condition with no control measure taken 5 years after elimination of filariasis. METHODS: A 10-year longitudinal observation (from 1984 to 1994) was made in Huayuan Village in Shengli Township of Tancheng County, which used to be a high bancroftian filariasis-endemic area in southern part of Shandong Province. RESULTS: The microfilarial rate decreased from 0.56% before the study to 0.12% after the study and 8 out of the 9 previous microfilaria-positive cases became negative gradually. During the study period, 6 new microfilaremia cases were detected, 5 of which became negative naturally within 3 to 4 years. Eighty-eight point eight nine per cent of the detected patients with microfilaremia converted into IgG4-negative after 10 years. The natural infective rate of vectors decreased year by year and became zero by the tenth year of the study, the annual transmission potency decreased also from 3.47 to zero by the tenth year. CONCLUSIONS: It showed that under the local natural environment the biting rate representing the vector density which was obtained by capture method was from 24.1 to 52.5 person/night among the residents who did not use mosquito nets, and 13.5 to 21 person/night among the residents who used mosquito nets. The microfilarial rate of 0.56% in population with the average microfilarial density of 6.6 to 20.7 capita/60 microliters ear blood of residual microfilaria-positive patients might be considered as the terminal threshold of transmission.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

CD 80(B7-1) expression on human tumor cell lines and its costimulatory signals for T cell proliferation and cytokine production.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate CD 80 expression on human tumor cell lines and establish stable CD 80 expression transfectants to illustrate CD 80 costimulation on the T cell proliferation and cytokine production. METHODS: Raji, MDA-453, MCF-7, Hela, 3AO, MKN-45 and EBV transformed B cell were detected for CD 80 expression by RT-PCR. CD 80 cDNA subcloned to retrovirus vector pLXSN, with them stable CD 80 transfectanants were established. With specific mAb BB1 and FACS assay, the expression of CD 80 were detected. Anti-CD3 induced T lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2, IFN-r production were performed to evaluate CD 80 costimulatory activity in the presence of calcium ionophore A23187 and phorbol ester PMA. RESULTS: CD 80 (B7-1) expression of MDA-453, MCF-7, Hela, 3AO, MKN-45 was negative, and that of Raji and EBV transformed B cell was positive by RT-PCR and FACS methods. Cocultured with CD 80 transfected human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-453, anti-CD3 induced T cells proliferation and cytokine production were significantly increased in the presence of A23187 and PMA, but not with parental MDA-453. CONCLUSIONS: CD 80 expression is absent on most human tumor cell line except for Raji and EBV transformed B cell. Full activation of T cell needs CD 80 costimulation. Influence of CD 80 costimulation on cytokine production is mainly regulated via IL-2 and IFN-r.

B7-1 Antigen↗
PubMed1998

[Experimental study of long-term result from reconstruction of vertebral artery].

Occlusive disease of first segment of vertebral artery is the common cause for insufficient supply of vertebro-basilar artery. The good result following reconstruction of vertebral artery was confirmed, but the long-term result was not certain. In order to investigate the long-term result, 23 dogs with established model of VA occlusion were studied. The occlusion was reconstructed by a by-pass operation between the common carotid artery and VA, then the quantitative methods were used to monitor the results for 3 months following operation. The results showed that 1. according to DSA, the anastomosis remained potent and the collateral circulations were established; 2. the hemodynamics of blood flow in VA kept well and the blood supply was stable by color ultrasonic Doppler; 3. the blood supply of cerebellum was increased 15.86% compared with that observed just after operation by hydrogen clearance method; and 4. no infarction focus was founded from MRI. The conclusion was that the result suggested that the long term result demonstrated was satisfactory after VA reconstruction for occlusive disease and the blood supply of the cerebellum was also better than that just following operation.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[The effect of growth hormone on wound healing rate in adult burns].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the wound healing effect of rHGH in adult burn patients. METHODS: 16 patients with burn wounds covering over 60% of total body surface (TBSA) were enrolled in this placebo controlled prospective study. They were comparable in nutrient intake, TBSA, and full thickness burn area. rHGH group patients were given rHGH subcutaneously in the dose of 0.3u.Kg-1 at 8 am each morning for 10 days beginning from POD 1. The control group patients were given normal saline as placebo. All the patients received scar excision within 4 days postburn, and the excision wounds were covered with autologous skin pulp grafting. Serum amino acid profile was analyzed at day 1 and day 20 post burn. Healing time of burn wound area and donor site was recorded. Wound healing rate was assessed at day 30 after day. RESULTS: 1. The healing time of autologous skin pulp grafting and donor site, and the length of hospital stay were significantly shorter in GH group patients than control group. 2. The amino acid profile showed no difference between two groups at day 1 and was significantly better in GH group at day 20. CONCLUSION: rHGH could enhance the wound healing rate, improve amino acid profile, and reduce the length of hospital stay of severe burn patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Research in the relationship between Chlamydia and ureaplasma and infertility].

Samples taken from cervix and male urethra of 768 infertilitas patients were studied, and samples taken from 226 normal fertile males and females served as control. The fluorescent monoclonal antibody technique and cell culture method were used for Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) and microbiological culture method was used for Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) detection. The positive rates of Ct and Uu infections were 28.64% (220/768) and 36.59% (281/768) in infertilitas group, 5.2% (14/266) and 14.28% (38/266) in control group respectively. There was significant difference between the 2 groups (P < 0.01). The results suggest that infection with Ct or Uu is one of the factors causing infertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Navelbine plus cisplatin combination therapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a report of 42 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of combination chemotheray with navelbine (NVB) plus cisplatin (DDP) in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: From 1992 through 1996, 42 patients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled in this study. The median age of the patients was 57 years. Adenocarcinoma was the most common type of malignancy. Seventeen patients had stage IIIB disease and 25 had stage IV. Twenty-four patients had no prior chemotherapy and 18 received previous chemotherapy. RESULTS: Partial response was observed in 20 patients with an overall response rate of 47.6%. The response appeared to correlate with dose intensity, as 54.2% response rate was achieved with a dose of NVB > or = 25 mg/m2/wk versus 38.9% response rate with NVB < 25 mg/m2/wk. The median response duration was 3.3 months and the median survival period was 8.5 months. The dose limiting toxicity was neutropenia which was seen in all treated cases (66.6% in grades III and IV). The local venous toxicity was observed in 40.5% of the patients. CONCLUSION: A high response rate was obtained in advanced NSCLC treated by NVB plus DDP. NVB is a promising antitumor agent with tolerable toxicity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[The role of recombinant interferon alpha-2b in the treatment of advanced malignancies].

OBJECTIVE: To identify the efficacy and toxicity of recombinant interferon alpha-2b in the treatment of advanced malignancis. METHODS: Interferon alpha-2b was administered intra-muscularly, the escalating dosage being 3 x 10(6) IU, twice in the first week, 6 x 10(6) IU twice in the second week and thereafter 9 x 10(6) IU twice weekly until the 8th week. RESULTS: Among 102 patients, 90 were eva luable. The overall response rate (RR) was 16.7%. The RR in patients with renal cell careinoma was 10.8% (4/37, with 2 complete and 2 partial responses), that in patients with malignant melanoma was 14.3% (4/28, 4 partial responses), it was 50% (4/8, 4 partial responses) in malignant lymphoma and 20% (3/15, 3 partial responses) in breast cancer. The median response duration was 40 months in the patients with complete response, while only 4.8 months in patients with partial response. The major adverse reactions were flu-like syndrome, while gastro-intestinal reactions and bone marrow suppression were mild. CONCLUSION: Recombinant interferon alpha-2b has antitumor activity in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma and malignant lymphoma. It could be considered as a second line treatment regimen.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Geneotic analysis of wild type measles viruses circulating in China during 1995-1997].

To investigate the molecular epidemiology of measles virus (MV) in China, sequence analysis of MV was performed based on a 282-nt region of the nucleoprotein (N) gene and a 450-nt region of heamaglutinin (H) gene by direct sequencing of RT-PCR amplicons obtained from clinical specimens. Results revealed that one MV strain belonged to ED-like genotype and remainder strains were clustered into a new genotype which was distinct from Chinese vaccine strains and MV strains circulating in other countries, as previously described representing a new genotype. There was up to 15.4% divergence in the nt-282 N gene and 10.8% divergence in the nt-450 H gene between the new genotype and other genotypes.

China↗
PubMed1998

[Retrospective study on the risk factors in patients with nosocomial bacterial L-form infection].

To survey the risk factors of nosocomial bacterial L-form infections, 22 risk factors were investigated and analysed with nonconditional logistic regression. Resutts showed through single factor regression that cancer, chronic disease, primary infection, longer than 3-week hospitalization before the onset of nosocomial infection, preventive use of antibiotics longer than 7 days, preventive use of cell wall depressive antibiotics, steroid use, anti-tumor drugs and urine guide technique were significant factors. Multiple factor regression demonstrated that two models including cell wall depressive antibiotics, primary infection, urine guide technique cell wall depressive antibiotics, primary infection, anti-tumor drugs and longer than 3-week hospitalization before the development of nosocomial infection were conjugated properly. It suggested that the surveillance of risk factors of nosocomial bacterial L-form infections was helpful to control nosocomial infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[A primary study of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-induced muscle silent period(SP) in stroke patients with mild hemiparesis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of muscle silent period (SP) induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and its value in the evaluation of motor function in patient with stroke. METHODS: 25 normals and 23 stroke patients with mild hemiparesis were involved in this study. A MES-10 magnetic stimulator and a 9 cm round coil were used to stimulate the brain at an intensity 50% above threshold for MEP with the subjects making sustained moderate contraction of the contralateral FDI. SP duration and interside ratio were measured and calculated and then compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Normal values of SP duration and interside ratio were 145 +/- 37 ms and 1.01 +/- 0.15 respectively. The SP duration on the paralytic side in stroke patients was 423 +/- 314 ms, significantly prolonged in comparison with that on the normal side (154 +/- 54 ms, P < 0.05) and that of normal value (P < 0.01). The interside SP ratio (paralytic/normal side) in stroke patients was 2.8 +/- 1.9, also significantly higher than the normal value (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: SP might be a sensitive and valuable neurophysiological parameter in evaluation of the motor function of patients with central motor dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Steroid-resistant asthma: effects of glucocorticoids on interleukin-4 and interleukin-5 gene expression.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) in the pathogenesis of steroid-resistant (SR) asthma. METHODS: Fifteen patients with SR asthma and 15 patients with steroid-sensitive (SS) asthma were selected based on their clinical responses to prednisone therapy. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained and incubated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in vitro for 48 h in the presence or absence of dexamethasone (10(-7) mol/L). Expressions of IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA in PBMCs were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and mRNA positive PBMCs for IL-4 and IL-5 were measured with in situ hybridization using digoxin-labeled cDNA probes. RESULTS: In the absence of dexamethasone, there was no significant difference in the expressions of IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA between SR and SS asthmatics, and the numbers of mRNA positive cells for IL-4 and IL-5 were also similar between these two groups, however, in the presence of dexamethasone (10(-7) mol/L), expressions of IL-4 mRNA (P < 0.01) and IL-5 mRNA (P < 0.05) were significantly inhibited in SS asthmatics, but not in SR asthmatics (P > 0.05). The numbers of IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA positive cells decreased from 5.50 +/- 1.60 to 2.27 +/- 0.98 (P < 0.01) and from 5.03 +/- 1.29 to 1.67 +/- 0.70 (P < 0.01), respectively in SS asthmatics, but in the patients with SR asthma, there was no significant change in the number of cells expressing mRNA for IL-4 or IL-5. CONCLUSION: The gene expression of IL-4 and IL-5 in SR asthma was not inhibited by dexamethasone at the concentration of 10(-7) mol/L. It is suggested that the relative unresponsiveness of T cells to glucocorticoids and persistent production of cytokines may be one of the mechanisms of steroid resistance in asthma.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical analysis of 19 cases of scleroma respiratorium treated surgically].

Nineteen patients with scleroma respiratorium treated surgically were studied retrospectively. The results suggested that the surgical operation combined with antibiotic therapy were beneficial to the curtive effect of the patients in the granulomatous stage with nasal or pharyngeal obstruction or nasal sinuses involvement due to the serious proliferation of the lesions; tracheotomy should be considered in the patients with laryngeal obstruction up to the second degree or above; plastic operations were necessary for the patients with cicatrical stenosis or imperforation remained of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx or trachea.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Stapled anastomosis in esophageal resections with Chinese staplers: a retrospective study of 1965 consecutive cases.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the safety and efficacy of mechanical anastomosis with Chinese staplers in the surgical treatment of esophageal carcinoma and carcinoma of gastric cardia in order to find out an alternative effective anastomotic technique to hand-sewn method. METHODS: From August 1980 to April 1996, there were totally 1264 cases of esophageal carcinoma and 701 cases of carcinoma of gastric cardia receiving esophagogastric anastomosis with Chinese staplers combined with telescope suturing of seromuscular layers after resection of tumors, with age ranging from 28 years to 81 years and a man to woman ratio of 4:1 (1572/393). The anastomosis was performed at the cervical region in 44 patients, and intrathoracically in 1921. Our technical essential points also included fixation of the gastric substitute to the thoracic apex or mediastinum with 3-4 stitches to relieve the anastomotic tension. RESULTS: Compared with the reported postoperative leakage rate from 2%-4% in China and 4.2%-12.3% abroad, our techniques reduced the total leakage rate to 0.8%, that is, cervical leakage rate was 11.4% (5/44), and intrathoracic leakage rate 0.57% (11/1921). The intrathoracic leakage rate was 0.99% (8/808) for the first 8 years, and 0.27% for the following 8 years. There was no leakage (0/350) in the last 3 years. There anastomotic stricture occurred in 98 patients (4.99%) which could be relieved by Bougie or balloon dilatation. The total operative mortality was reduced to 0.76%. CONCLUSIONS: Mechanical anastomosis with Chinese staplers combined with telescope suturing should be an effective method to prevent the occurrence of anastomotic leakage after esophageal resections.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Studies on genes associated with biologic behavior in human lung cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To study alteration of several genes in the process of primary lung cancer. METHODS: A series of 59 lung cancer specimens were analyzed for p53, myc oncogene family and mdrl gene by DNA/PCR sequencing, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR methods. RESULTS: p53 mutation or/and protein accumulation were found in 37 of 57(65%) cases. Overexpression of myc family oncogenes and mdr1 gene were 27/46 (59%) and 15/48 (31%), respectively. The results also showed that there was no significant correlation between p53 alteration and tumor size, metastasis, stage and relapse, but there was a significant correlation between overexpression of myc family oncogene and these factors. Overexpression of mdrl gene was detected in NSCLC, especially in adenocarcinoma, and was not associated with metastasis and stage of lung cancer. It was also found that aberration of both p53 and myc family oncogenes occurred in 19/30(63%) cases; the relapse rate was 76%. Both overexpression of mdrl and myc gene was 62%; the relapse rate was 83%. CONCLUSION: p53, myc and mdrl genes in cooperation may be involved in the process of lung cancer, but prognostic determinant is myc gene overexpression.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis patients complicated with diabetes in Shanghai].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the epidemiological trends and characteristics of tuberculosis patients complicated with diabetes in Shanghai. METHOD: All the registered tuberculosis (TB) cases from 1992 to 1997 in Shanghai were included in the analysis. The new registration rates and percentages of TB cases complicated with diabetes were calculated. RESULT: The new registration rate of the cases increased from 0.70/100,000 in 1992 to 2.10/100,000 in 1997 with an annual increase rate of 24.57%. The cases with the complication accounted for 4.86% in 1997. Diabetes tends to be more prevalent among TB patients in urban area. The greater the age, the more diabetes were found in TB patients. A significant difference was also observed between sex. Bacillary positive rate and percentage of infiltration type were higher, and cavity was more common in cases with the complication. The percentage of cases with relapse was also higher. CONCLUSION: The complication of diabetes significantly affected the epidemiological trend of TB in Shanghai. The diagnosis of diabetes in TB patients should be enforced, and short-course chemotherapy targeting the cases should be investigated.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

[Decomposition kinetics of methamidophos in preserved blood of rabbit].

Decomposition kinetics of methmidophos in preserved rabbit blood poisoned by methamidophos was studied. The blood was preserved in a room (temperature 12-15 degrees C) and in a refrigerator (temperature 2-5 degrees C). The concentration of methamidophos in preserved blood was determined by GC/FPD. The results showed that the decomposition of methamidophos in preserved blood of rabbits was fast for the first three days and got slow with the time prolonged. The decomposition speed of methamidophos in room was higher than in refrigerator.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Development of the LCY-3E intelligent intracranial pressure monitor].

The LCY-3E intelligent intracranial pressure (ICP) monitor uses a microcomputer system for measurement and control. The ICP is transmitted by an air capsule, and detected by an universal high precision transducer. The problem of zero point drift during continuous ICP measurement was successfully solved and the electric safety of the instrument was greatly improved.

Aerospace Medicine↗