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Biomedical subjects

Y Sunami

Publications and source records attributed to Y Sunami.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Ultrasonographic findings of abdominal tuberculous lymphadenitis].

Five patients with abdominal tuberculous lymphadenitis were studied by ultrasound. The final diagnosis of tuberculosis was based on open biopsy in 2 patients, neck lymph node biopsy in 1, needle biopsy under ultrasound control in 2. Low-echoic and iso-echoic abdominal lymph nodes were seen in all patients and a mixed echoic lymph node was found in one of them. Enlarged, round or oval, lymph nodes were conglomeratically observed along the common hepatic artery, in the hepatoduodenal ligament and along the abdominal aorta. The size of the lymph node was found to be 20-70 mm. In one case, compression of the portal trunk and the common bile duct due to a large lymph node was observed, and arterioportography showed hepatopetal collateral veins. In the other case, multiple mass lesions in the liver and the spleen were observed. In the 4 patients who were observed by ultrasound at 2 months after anti-tuberculosis therapy, enlarged lymph nodes decreased and 3 of them changed from low-echo to iso-echo in the echo pattern. Of the 4 patients who were followed for more than 4 months, lymph nodes disappeared in 2 at 4 months and in one at 12 months. The remaining patient showed residual nodes which decreased in half at 8 months. Ultrasound is now used commonly in the examination of the abdomen, and there are cases of abdominal lymph nodes swelling due to varied diseases. In this study, there were no characteristic ultrasonographic findings in abdominal tuberculous lymphadenitis. So, it is difficult to diagnose the cause of abdominal lymph node swelling by only ultrasound.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of the femoral shaft fracture with a curved heat-treated COP clover-leaf nail.

The commonly used straight intramedullary nail has certain limitations and disadvantages. Following radiographic and metallurgical studies we have developed a curved heat-treated clover-leaf nail using a newly developed precipitation hardening stainless steel (COP). The nail is bent with a slot on the convex side and the radius of curvature is 115 cm which corresponds to the anatomical antero-lateral convexity of the human femur. The nail has been satisfactory in clinical use since 1971 and has provided not only more stable internal fixation but also allowed fixation of fractures beyond the middle third of the shaft.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A case of bilateral primary posterior dislocation of the shoulder.

We present a case of bilateral primary dislocation of the shoulder, which was treated operatively on the left and conservatively on the right side. Primary posterior dislocation of the shoulder is rarely seen and bilateral case is extremely rare. For the diagnosis it is essential to have a knowledge of this dislocation. As to roentgenographic examination, the axillary projection is most helpful but can't be routinely taken because of severe pain and limited abduction of the shoulder. So special roentgenographic techniques are necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Anatomical and biomechanical considerations for medullary nailing (author's transl)].

By using X-ray films of 390 adult femurs and 15 cadaveric femurs of Japanese origin, and by measuring successive cross-sections the authors have made morphological and statistical analyses of the shape of the femoral medullary canal. These studies suggest new dimensions for the diameter of the reamer and the amount of contact area between nail and inner cortex. Furthermore it was found that the physiological antecurvature of the femur on the lateral view does not correspond with the prebending of the OA-nail. The authors made some mechanical experiments on four types of nails which are widely used today. As a consequence of these studies, the authors developed a new elastic nail for trial (Okayama-nail). This new type of nail greatly increases the area of contact with the inner femoral cortex. Obviously this nail satisfies better all of Kuentscher's originally mentioned requirements an intramedullary nail.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

COP, a new alloy for surgical implants.

Today Vitallium is used for surgical implants. It is a casting alloy which, with advances in casting technology, is also used commercially for making instruments of fairly complex shape. Because of its expense, however, it is not widely used in Japan. Instead, a series of 18-8 Mo alloys are used in Japan even though of insufficient strength. Used over a long period of time in the body, especially for the purpose of preserving structual functions as part of the human skeleton, it often corrodes, resulting in either abnormalities in tissue cells or, because of its insufficient strength, danger of bending and breaking with aging. In spite of a marked advance in fracture treatment, we have hardly any suitable materials for making instruments appropriate to the internal fixation of fractures in Japan. We, therefore, conducted various experiments to develop an alloy with sufficient corrosive resistance and strength that could be formed into a complex shape to take the place of Vitallium alloy, finally succeeding in developing an alloy we call "COP". The characteristic properties of COP may be summarized as follows: 1. The main components are 20% Cr, 20% Ni, 20% Co and 4% Mo aside from 0.2% P. 2. As it contains "P", it shows a marked age-hardening. In its molten state its machinability is excellent, and later it can readily be hardened by heat-treatment. 3. It has not only a marked yield point and tensile strength but also has toughness in elongation and reduction of area, showing a strength which surpasses Vitallium. 4. Its corrosive resistance is great. 5. Its cost is far cheaper than Vitallium.

Alloys↗
PubMed1977

Use of the halo-pelvic apparatus for treatment of fracture-dislocations of the thoracic and lumbar spines accompanied by paraplegia.

Twenty-five cases of paraplegia due to fracture-dislocations of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae were treated using the halo-pelvic apparatus. Thirteen of them only needed the apparatus, two underwent laminectomy, and ten had posterior spinal fusion in addition. The advantages of this method are that gentle reduction can be achieved without severe complications, and that posterior spinal fusion can be performed with this apparatus on, thus enabling an early start to the subsequent exercise program and minimal absence from work.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

A new nail-plate for treatment of fracture of the neck of the femur.

Operative treatment of fractures of the neck and trochanter of the femur does not always produce a satisfactory result. This is usually due to biomechanical problems with the available internal fixation methods. We studied the anatomy of the neck of the femur by roentgenograms and sectional specimens from 70 cadavers. In addition, various nail-plates were subjected to buckling tests and, by simultaneously attaching a strain-gauge, stress distribution was calculated. The results of these preliminary studies were then used to design a new nail-plate better than those available at present. Testing of this new nail-plate confirmed that it had a strength equal to that of the Holt nail-plate (the strongest of the available nail-plates).

Bone Nails↗