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Biomedical subjects

Y Tagawa

Publications and source records attributed to Y Tagawa.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Flow cytometric DNA analysis of vascular soft tissue tumors, including African endemic-type Kaposi's sarcoma.

Vascular tumors of the soft tissue display a wide spectrum of histologic features and biologic behavior. Flow cytometric DNA analysis was performed on 40 vascular tumors, including nine African endemic-type Kaposi's sarcomas, nine angiosarcomas, seven hemangiopericytomas, six glomus tumors, and nine capillary hemangiomas. Six of the nine angiosarcoma cases (67%) and one of the seven hemangiopericytomas cases (14%) were aneuploid. All benign vascular tumors and Kaposi's sarcomas were diploid. Clinically, five of the six angiosarcoma patients with aneuploidy died within 2 to 28 months, while the remaining patient, who had the smallest tumor (2 x 1 cm), survived more than 4 years after the initial diagnosis was made. All three angiosarcoma patients with diploidy died within 10 to 14 months. One hemangiopericytoma patient with aneuploidy died within 1 month. No cases of benign tumor recurred. These results suggest that most vascular tumors, which generally follow a benign clinical course, were diploid and that the majority of those with a poor outcome were aneuploid. However, flow cytometrically assessed DNA ploidy has no prognostic value in angiosarcomas or hemangiopericytomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Two mammalian helix-loop-helix factors structurally related to Drosophila hairy and Enhancer of split.

We report the molecular characterization of two novel rat helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins, designated HES-1 and HES-3, that show structural homology to the Drosophila hairy and Enhancer of split [E(spl)] proteins, both of which are required for normal neurogenesis. HES-1 mRNA, expressed in various tissues of both embryos and adults, is present at a high level in the epithelial cells, including the embryonal neuroepithelial cells, as well as in the mesoderm-derived tissues such as the embryonal muscle. In contrast, HES-3 mRNA is produced exclusively in cerebellar Purkinje cells. HES-1 represses transcription by binding to the N box, which is a recognition sequence of E(spl) proteins. Interestingly, neither HES-1 nor HES-3 alone interacts efficiently with the E box, but each protein decreases the transcription induced by E-box-binding HLH activators such as E47. Furthermore, HES-1 also inhibits the functions of MyoD and MASH1 and effectively diminishes the myogenic conversion of C3H10T1/2 cells induced by MyoD. These results suggest that HES-1 may play an important role in mammalian development by negatively acting on the two different sequences while HES-3 acts as a repressor in a specific type of neurons.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

[Management of airway obstruction using the neodymium-yttrium-aluminium-garnet laser].

The neodymium-yttrium-aluminium-garnet laser (Nd-YAG laser) has proved to be useful therapeutic tool for the management of endobronchial lesions. Between February 1983 and January 1991, 16 patients received endobronchial laser therapy at the Nagasaki University Hospital, 7 patients for tracheal stenosis, and 9 for endobronchial obstruction. In 4 patients with tracheal stenosis, the therapy was performed in an emergency. The type of lesions were lung cancer in 7 patients, thyroid cancer in 3, tracheal tumor (squamous cell carcinoma, and chondrosarcoma) in 2, esophageal cancer in 1, bronchial submucosal tumor in 1, and tracheobronchial tuberculosis in 2. Good symptomatic relief was obtained in 13 patients. One patient died from massive bleeding in the left main stem bronchus. Reobstruction had occurred in 2 patients with cicatricial lesion in right main stem bronchus. In patients with an unresectable malignant lesion, concurrent radiotherapy was needed to prevent the reobstruction.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Protective effects of chelating agents against renal toxicity of gold sodium thiomalate in rats.

The protective effects of various chelating agents such as D-penicillamine (D-PEN), 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), 2,3-dimercaptopropane sulphonate (DMPS), and N-(2-mercapto-2-methylpropanoyl)-L-cysteine (bucillamine), on the renal damage induced by gold sodium thiomalate (AuTM) in rats were studied. Rats were injected i.v. with AuTM at doses of 0.026, 0.066, 0.132, and 0.198 mmol/kg. Urinary excretion of protein, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and glucose in rats injected with AuTM significantly increased compared to the control levels within 1 day after the injection and thereafter decreased nearly to the control levels at 3 or 7 days. Gold was excreted rapidly during the first day after AuTM injection and excreted gradually thereafter. The concentrations of gold in the kidney and liver at 1 or 7 days after AuTM administration were approximately dose dependent. Treatment with D-PEN, DMSA, DMPS, and bucillamine (1.2 mmol/kg) significantly prevented increases in the urinary excretion of protein, AST, and glucose and the BUN level after AuTM (0.026 mmol/kg) injection. The injection of the chelating agents after AuTM administration showed that D-PEN, DMSA, and DMPS enhanced mainly the urinary excretion of gold and that bucillamine enhanced mainly the fecal excretion of the metal. These chelating agents significantly decreased the gold concentrations in the kidney and liver. The findings suggest that the chelating agents tested can ameliorate the renal damage induced by AuTM.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Enhancing potential of 6 different carcinogens on multi-organ tumorigenesis after initial treatment with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea in rats.

The advantages of applying a whole-body concept to the assessment of carcinogenic potential of compounds in a two-stage model after initiation by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) were investigated. Male, 6-week-old F344 rats were injected with MNU (20 mg/kg, i.p.) twice a week for 4 weeks and they then received 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl (DMAB) (50 mg/kg, s.c., once a week), N,N'-dibutylnitrosamine (DBN) (0.05%, in drinking water), N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN) (0.1%, in drinking water), diethylstilbestrol (DES) (2.5 ppm, in diet), sodium o-phenylphenate (S.OPP) (2%, in diet) or captafol (0.15%, in diet) for 20 weeks. All six carcinogens enhanced the incidences of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in their respective target organs: liver, pancreas, small intestine and urinary bladder with DMAB; liver, esophagus, forestomach and urinary bladder with DBN; thyroid, lung, liver, esophagus, forestomach, small intestine and urinary bladder with DHPN; liver and forestomach with DES; and thyroid, forestomach, kidney and urinary bladder with S.OPP; liver and forestomach with captafol. The results suggested that prior treatment with MNU sensitized the tissues to the organotropic carcinogenic potential of chemicals given thereafter for as short a period as 20 weeks. Thus, this system could be utilized as a whole-body medium-term bioassay system for the screening of environmental carcinogens, bridging the gap between in vitro mutagenicity and long-term carcinogenicity tests.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[An analysis of 70 patients with bilobectomy for bronchogenic carcinoma].

From 1955 to April 1989, 70 patients underwent bilobectomy for the treatment of primary lung carcinoma. Thirteen patients (18.6%) underwent right upper and middle lobectomy (UML), while 57 patients (81.4%) underwent right middle and lower lobectomy (MML). Indications for bilobectomy were cancer invasion into intermediate bronchus (34%), tumor extending to neighbouring lobe across a fissure (29%), interlobar lymph nodes metastasis with or without invasion to intermediate bronchus (24%), vascular invasion (5%), and others (7%). Squamous cell carcinoma was present in 31 patients, adenocarcinoma in 28, large cell carcinoma in 5, small cell carcinoma in 4 and others in 2. About 60 percent of the patients had Stage III or IV diseases. Postoperative complications occurred in 27 patients (38.6%) and 3 died within 30 days after operation (operative mortality rate. 4.3%). Pneumonia, empyema, atelectasis and arrhythmia were prominent postoperative complications. There were no statistically different postoperative complication rates between those with UML and those of MLL. Five-year survival rate of the patients with bilobectomy for lung cancer was 25.7%, which was between those with single lobectomy (36.9%) and those with pneumonectomy (5.6%). However, there was no statistical difference in 5-year survival rate among operative procedures in each stage.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Lung function following sleeve bronchoplastic lobectomy for bronchogenic carcinoma].

Twenty-five patients who underwent upper sleeve lobectomy for lung cancer were studied by spirometric examination to evaluate postoperative pulmonary function, including Vital Capacity (VC), %Vital Capacity (%VC), Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1.0), and Forced Expiratory Volume in one second as a percentage of the forced vital capacity (FEV1.0%). The results of the patients with bronchoplasty were compared with those of patients with lobectomy alone and of patients with pneumonectomy. Lung function was periodically examined postoperatively following bronchoplasty. VC, %VC and FEV1.0 were decreased postoperatively in the patients with upper sleeve lobectomy, while FEV1.0% was increased. There were no differences in postoperative %VC or FEV1.0% between the patients with bronchoplasty and those with upper lobectomy alone. However, the postoperative %VC of the patients with pneumonectomy was significantly decreased compared with patients who underwent postoperative %VC of the patients with pneumonectomy was significantly decreased compared with patients who underwent bronchoplasty or lobectomy alone. %VC in the patients with bronchoplasty was decreased at 3 months after operation, but it to gradually returned to the preoperative value by 13 to 24 months after operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Proliferative activity assessed on the basis of DNA ploidy patterns in primary lung cancer].

Flow cytometric cellular DNA-RNA content analysis by acridine orange staining was conducted on surgical fresh specimens of primary lung carcinomas from 66 patients (31 squamous cell carcinomas, 34 adenocarcinomas and 1 large cell carcinoma). The frequency of aneuploid tumors was 84.6% among the tumors. RNA content (RNA Index) in the DNA aneuploid tumor much more significantly (p less than 0.05) increased than the DNA diploid tumor. Tumor doubling time in the DNA aneuploid tumor was significantly (p less than 0.05) shorter than in the DNA diploid tumor. In the patients with lung cancers that recurred within 1 years, recurrence of the DNA aneuploid tumor was higher than the DNA diploid tumor. It is evident from the above results that proliferative activity in the DNA aneuploid tumor increases much more than in the DNA diploid tumor. This in turn may induce early recurrence in patients with lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Endophthalmitis in Japan--a nationwide study with reference to type and etiology].

A nationwide clinical study on bacterial and fungal endophthalmitis was done with special reference to their type and etiology. Two hundred and eighty cases of endophthalmitis were reviewed. All cases were divided into two categories such as exogenous (trauma, surgery, and ulcer) and endogenous (metastasis). Penetrating trauma was responsible for 93 cases (33.2%), surgery for 88 cases (31.4%), ulcer for 11 cases (3.9%) and metastasis for 88 cases (31.4%). Out of the 280 cases, 79 cases (28.2%) were microbiologically diagnosed through aqueous or vitreous tap or biopsy. The total numbers of isolated organisms amounted to 87 consisting of 43 Gram-positive bacteria, 30 Gram-negative bacteria and 14 fungi. The positive isolation was 31 out of 86 (36%) from the aqueous and 52 out of 103 (50%) from the vitreous. Exogenous types associated with trauma, surgery or ulcer were mainly caused by Gram-positive bacteria of 37 strains, led by coagulase-negative staphylococci in 14 cases. On the other hand, endogenous cases were mainly due to Gram-negative bacteria of 14 strains including Klebsiella pneumoniae in 5 cases, E. coli in 4 cases and fungi of 11 strains including candida spp in 9 cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Classification of DNA histogram perturbed with 5-FU and its clinical application].

Analysis of cell kinetics may be beneficial for evaluation of the therapeutic effect of anticancer agents. Therefore, using flow cytometry, the authors could classify perturbations of DNA histogram of cultured colon cancer cells treated with 5-FU into 4 types. Perturbation of DNA histogram of cancer cells treated with 5-FU of different concentrations was closely associated with the degree of cell damage indicated by the growth curve. Then, tumor samples before and after injection of 5-FU were collected from 9 preoperative patients with colon cancer and classified into the above 4 types. The results show that 2 cases were classified into type I (S/G1 ratio: 1.5 greater than, G1.G2M comparison: G1 greater than G2M) and another two into type IV (CV ratio: 1.5 less than or equal to, S/G1 ratio: 1.5 less than or equal to, G1.G2M comparison: G1 greater than G2M). However, 5 cases could not be classified (not evaluated) because of the absence of stemline and the presence of heterogeneity in tumor samples. The authors consider that the classification of perturbation of DNA histogram is a useful method to evaluate the degree of cell damage with 5-FU, if tumor samples are appropriately selected and analysis is made with careful attention.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1991

[Results of the surgical treatment of patients with advanced small lung cancer].

From 1970 to 1988, 603 patients with non-small cell lung cancer were operated in our department. Among them, patients with small lung cancer (diameter less than 3 cm) with advanced disease were analyzed. There were 19 patients with mediastinal node metastasis, 2 with contralateral or supra-clavicular node metastasis, 3 with distant organ metastasis and one with pleural dissemination. In T1N2 group, adenocarcinoma was predominant in 17 patients and only 2 with squamous cell carcinoma. Sixteen patients underwent curative lobectomy with mediastinal node dissection. In T1N3 group, lobectomy and mediastinal and cervical node dissection were carried out. In T 1M1 group, 3 patients had lobectomy and removal of metastatic lesions, separately or simultaneously. One patient with pleural dissemination had segmentectomy and extirpation of disseminated foci. There were no operative deaths or hospital deaths in this series. Survival of the patients with T1N2 with curative resection was 93.8% in one year, 38.2% in 3 years and 22.9% in 5 years after operation. Among them, patients with intraoperative diagnosis of negative mediastinal node had relatively well survival. However, patients with N3, D+, or M1 had poor prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Peri-operative immunotherapy with OK-432.

Pre- and postoperative intradermal administration of OK-432 enhanced the SU-PS skin reaction in patients with gastric cancer, but failed to prevent a fall in the NK activity induced by the operation. The change in NK activity was not associated with a change in the proportion of Leu 7-positive cells, but was related to Leu 11a-positive cells. Intradermal injection of OK-432 increased the proportion of Leu 7-positive cells in the patients in whom they accounted for less than 20% of lymphocyte population. The case was the same with Leu 11a-positive cells. Intravenous injection of OK-432 tended to increase suppressor-inducer T cells (CD4+2HA+ cells), B cells and Leu 7-positive cells. Particularly, the proportions of OK-M1-positive cells and MHC class II antigen-positive cells increased in all patients. Immunotherapy with OK-432 given intravenously at a dose of 0.1 KE appeared to be safe because no side effects were essentially observed.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1990

Immunoperoxidase evaluation of the relationship between necrotic lesions and causative bacteria in lungs of calves with naturally acquired pneumonia.

An immunoperoxidase technique was used to study the relationship between the necrotic lesions and causative bacteria found in lungs of 53 calves that had naturally acquired pneumonia. Four types of necrotic lesions were identified on the basis of morphologic characteristics as follows: type 1 had coagulation necrosis surrounded by a dense zone of numerous degenerated leukocytes; type 2 was similar to type 1, but the central area of the lesions was severely affected, had no alveolar architecture remaining, and was surrounded by a thin, sparse layer of degenerated leukocytes; type 3 had small swirling accumulation of degenerated leukocytes; and type 4 had necropurulent lesions resembling abscesses. By use of the immunoperoxidase technique, Pasteurella haemolytica serovar 1 antigen was confirmed to be associated with the necrotic lesions in many cases of type 1 and in some cases of types 2 and 3. Although some lesions were induced by other bacteria (Haemophilus somnus or Actinomyces pyogenes), the pneumonic lesions associated with P haemolytica could be differentiated from other pneumonic lesions in calves by use of the immunoperoxidase technique.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

[Results of pulmonary angioplastic operations for cases of bronchogenic carcinoma].

Pulmonary artery reconstruction for bronchogenic carcinoma was performed in 36 patients (5.8%) in our department between 1955 and 1988 for the purpose of preservation of pulmonary function. Twenty-six patients had squamous cell carcinoma (72.2%) and 24 had Stage IIIA. The operative procedures were sleeve resection of the main pulmonary artery (P.A.) and end-to-end anastomosis in 20 cases, wedge resection of P.A. and transverse suture in 14 and window type resection of P.A. and patch closure in 2. In 28 patients bronchoplastic procedures were combined. Three patients (8.3%) died within 30 days after operation. Postoperative complications were relatively high in the patients with combined operations. The 5-year survival rates were 45.7%. Postoperative pulmonary functions were evaluated with spirometric examinations and pulmonary scintigrams. There were no differences in postoperative pulmonary functions between pulmonary angioplastic procedures and simple lobectomies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Malignant fibrous histiocytoma in the chest cavity, report of four resected cases].

Case 1: 35-year-old man. Chest X-P showed a mass shadow, which was 6 X 5 cm in size, well defined margin and homogeneous. He underwent enucleation but died 6 months after operation with local recurrence. Case 2: 55-year-old man. A peduncle tumor, which was 5 X 4 cm in size, arising from the left parietal pleura was resected. 2 years after the operation, local recurrence occurred at left parietal pleura and the lesion was resected. 9 years after the first operation, he is still alive free from the disease. Case 3: 62-year-old man. Multiple masses which invaded to the chest wall involving rib, lung and pericardium were situated in the site of left parietal pleura. He underwent partial resection of chest wall, parietal pleura, pericardium and lung, but he died 8 months after the operation with local recurrence. Case 4: 49-year-old man, a mass which completely obstructed the left main pulmonary artery situated at the site of left hilar region. He underwent left pneumonectomy. 2 year after the operation, he is still alive free from the disease. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma in the chest cavity is very rare in frequency. We have experienced recently 4 cases, and discussed with literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Analysis of cellular DNA-RNA content using flow cytometry between primary and metastatic foci in lung carcinoma].

By flow cytometry, cellular DNA-RNA content was analyzed with Acridine Orange staining for primary tumor and the metastatic foci in 12 cases of primary lung carcinoma. Five (42%) of the primary and metastatic foci showed heterogeneous cellular DNA content, with high cellular DNA content of metastatic foci in all cases. Cellular RNA content was significantly higher in metastatic foci than in primary foci, indicating possible higher proliferative activity of the former foci. Three different metastatic foci in one patient showed essentially the same cellular DNA content. From the above it is evident that primary and metastatic foci of lung carcinoma show considerable heterogeneity not only in cellular DNA content but RNA content as well, thus indicating proliferative activity of the metastatic focus. It is consequently advisable to use a combination of various supplementary medications differing in cytocidal effect. Cases with higher cellular DNA content may likely have higher metastatic potential.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Results of re-thoracotomy for the management of early postoperative complications after bronchoplastic operations].

We reviewed cases of re-thoracotomy performed for early complications after bronchoplastic procedures. One hundred and sixteen bronchoplasties were performed in our department over 20 years. The diseases for which bronchoplasty was undertaken were lung cancer in 102 patients (87.9%), tuberculous stenosis of the bronchus in eight, esophageal cancer in three, and trauma in three. The most frequent postoperative complication was difficulty of expectoration and atelectasis, which generally improved with conservative treatment. Re-thoracotomy was performed for early postoperative intrathoracic complications on 11 patients. The reasons for re-thoracotomy were bronchial anastomotic dehiscence in five cases, obstruction of bronchial anastomosis in two, atelectasis in two, and occlusion of anastomosis of pulmonary arterial angioplasty in two cases. All except two underwent re-thoracotomy within two weeks of the first operations. The operative procedures performed were completion pneumonectomy in six cases, re-bronchoplasty in three, suture of anastomotic dehiscence in two, patch closure of pericardial defect with aspiration of secretions in the atelectatic lobe in one, and partial decortication with suture closure of the alveolar fistula in one. Pedicled omental wrapping was applied to two patients with re-bronchoplasty and one with completion pneumonectomy. Post-operative complications after re-thoracotomy were anastomotic insufficiency in two cases, bronchopleural fistula in two, and pneumonia in one. Two patients underwent a third thoracotomy. There was no anastomotic dehiscence or bronchopleural fistula in the patients with pedicled omental wrapping. One patient died due to bronchopleural fistula within 30 days of re-thoracotomy. Six patients died of recurrence or pneumonia from 39 days to one year after re-thoracotomy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bronchi↗